The five tones are Gong-Shang-Jiao-Zheng-Yu.

The pentatonic scale is also called the pentatonic scale, which is based on the order of the fifths, starting from the palace sound to the feather sound. Among the five tones, the ancients usually used the "gong" sound as the first and most important tone of the scale, sometimes referring to the "five tones". It is equivalent to the do sound in the roll call of today's tune. The "Gong" sound is the master of the five tones and the king of the five tones, commanding all the tones. The second level of the five tones is the "Shang" sound. Usually equivalent to the re sound in the roll call of today's tune.

"Jiao" is the third level of the five tones, second to "Shang". Usually equivalent to the mi sound in the roll call of today's tune. "Zheng" is the fourth level of the five tones, second to "Jiao". Usually equivalent to the sol sound in the roll call of today's tune. "Yu" is the fifth level of the five tones, ranking second to "Zheng". Usually equivalent to the la sound in the roll call of today's tune.

In the pentatonic scale, when different tones are used as the main tones, different modes can be formed; the mode names are named after the scale names. For example, when the first-level sound "Gong" is the main tone, it is called Gong mode, when the second-level sound "Shang" is the main tone, it is called Shang mode, and when the third-level sound "Jiao" is the main tone, it is called Shang mode. It is called angle mode, and so on.

Characteristics of the pentatonic scale:

The characteristic of the pentatonic scale is that it does not have a chromatic (minor second) interval. It is specifically called "pentatonic scale without semitones" or "whole tone". Pentatonic Scale". It is widely popular in Asia, Africa, some islands in the Central Pacific, Hungary, Scottish folk music, and among native American tribes before Europeans arrived in the Americas.

The five tones are often called the "Chinese musical scale". The five tones have special names in traditional Chinese culture, namely Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng, and Yu. In the Tang Dynasty, "He, Si, and Yu" were used. B, ruler, work." Its interval organization is that there are three whole tones in each octave, divided into two strings (Gong-Shang-Jiao) and a separate one (Zheng-Yu), and the two sections are separated by accents.

On the basis of the pentatonic scale, different additional tones (partial tones) can be inserted into each accent interval to form a heptatonic scale (a heptatonic scale with the pentatonic tone as the main tone). The partial tones are Bian Gong, Bian Zheng, Qing Jiao, Qing Yu, and additional sounds can be inserted in 3 different ways to form 3 different scale forms. The pitch of the additional sound can often wander, and the wandering pitch sometimes divides the interval of the □ sound into two intervals of about three-quarters of a tone each.

The above content refers to Baidu Encyclopedia-Five Tones