No. 5 disease is commonly known as "mouth sores", "hoof bientzehuang", is caused by No. 5 disease virus infection of even-toed animals *** suffering from acute, fever, contact infectious disease. The natural onset of the disease is often limited to even-toed animals, such as cattle, buffaloes, yaks, pigs, sheep, goats, etc. Young animals (newborn piglets, calves, lambs) are the most susceptible to foot-and-mouth disease virus, with an incidence rate of 100%, which often causes deaths of young animals, and human beings can be infected as well. Can occur throughout the year, but to winter, spring, fall, the climate is colder when more frequent, mostly occurring in winter, to the summer tends to naturally subside. Pigs and other even-toed animals are sensitive to this disease, single-hoofed animals do not develop. The disease is highly contagious, spreading or jumping spread, generally 2 to 5 years cyclical pandemic.
The transmission route of pig five disease
Sick pigs and pigs with poison are the main direct source of infection, especially in the early stages of the disease in the sick animal is most dangerous. The amount of virus in a bean-sized blister of a sick pig is enough to cause 100,000 pigs to develop the disease. In addition, the sick pig's urine, feces, milk, breath, saliva, meat, hair, viscera, semen, etc., as well as contaminated barns, feed, water, utensils can have the virus survival, become an indirect source of infection. Recovered pigs carry the virus for about 1 month. The disease is mainly transmitted directly and indirectly through the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and damaged skin and mucous membranes; wild animals such as birds, rodents, and insects can also transmit the disease mechanically. It is reported that the amount of virus discharged into the air by the sick pig through breathing is about 20×104～5 infected units, and the virus can spread 50～100 kilometers away with the wind, so the airborne transmission plays a decisive role in the epidemic of this disease. Sick pigs and their products, slop, virus-contaminated feeding and management utensils and means of transportation are all very dangerous means of transmission. Live pig warehouses in slaughterhouses, suburban areas and pig farms along railroads and highways with dense traffic are susceptible to infection.
Clinical symptoms of pig five disease
The main symptoms of pig five disease are blisters and ulcers of different sizes in the crown of the hoof, hoof heel, hoof pitchfork, hoof and anastomosis, crotch of the mouth, cheeks, and mucous membrane of the tongue, etc., and blisters also appear in the teats and udders of the sows, and other parts of the pig. Sick pigs also have symptoms such as mental instability, elevated body temperature, anorexia, etc. When the virus attacks the hooves, the hoof temperature increases, lameness is obvious, often leading to deformation or shedding of hoof shells, and the sick pigs lie down and can't stand up. The blisters are filled with clear or slightly turbid plasma liquid, and the blisters soon burst, revealing a dark red vesicular surface with neat edges. If there is no bacterial secondary infection, the lesions will heal with scabs in 1-2 weeks. If the hoof is severely diseased, it will take more than 3 weeks to heal. The lethality rate for adult pigs is generally no more than 3%. Abortion can occur in pregnant sows. On autopsy, sick pigs have rotting spots or ulcers on the mucosa of the throat, trachea, bronchus and stomach, and hemorrhagic inflammation is seen in the mucosa of the small and large intestines. Piglets have diffuse hemorrhagic spots in the pericardium, grayish-white or yellowish spots or stripes on the cut surface of the myocardium, and the myocardium is flaccid and seems to be boiled. The clinical features of pig five disease are extremely similar to those of swine vesicular disease, swine vesicular stomatitis and swine vesicular rash, so it should be sent to the local veterinary hospital for laboratory diagnosis in a timely manner according to the situation.
Comprehensive prevention of pig five disease
1, routine preventive measures
(1) immunization. Breeding pigs are vaccinated with No. 5 vaccine in February and the end of October every year, and it is best to inject concentrated vaccine, 2-3 ml per head each time; piglets can get strong immunity by vaccinating 2-3 ml of No. 5 vaccine at 60 or 70 days of age. If the fattening period is longer, it is recommended to strengthen the immunization once at 100 days of age.
(2) Strict sterilization. Insist on disinfection with pigs 2 to 3 times a week, commonly used disinfectants are 0.15 % peroxyacetic acid, 1 to 2% formaldehyde solution, 1:300 strong disinfectant. This virus is very strong resistance to the external environment, not afraid of drying, in natural conditions, containing virus tissues and contaminated feed, forage, fur and soil to maintain contagious for months; feces in the virus, in the warm season can survive for 29 to 33 days, even in freezing conditions can overwintering; but very sensitive to acid and alkali, easy to be killed by alkaline or acidic disinfectants. Before disinfection, the feces, urine and surrounding environment should be thoroughly cleaned, the concrete floor of the pig house should be rinsed and dried naturally, and then sprayed or disinfectant should be sprayed. Garbage, bedding, dirt, etc. should be burned in time.
(3) Strengthen epidemic prevention. It is strictly prohibited to buy pigs and their meat products from infected areas (farms), and not to feed pigs with unboiled meat washing water and slop. Try to eliminate unnecessary personnel from entering and leaving pig farms, especially veterinarians and salesmen who travel from village to village. All production personnel must be bathed and dressed and sterilized when entering the farm.
2, emergency preventive measures
(1) adhere to the principle of "early detection, strict blockade, small-scale and timely extinction". Once suspected of disease No. 5, should be reported immediately, rapid diagnosis, and the epidemic point of blockade to prevent the spread of the epidemic. Pigs, cattle, sheep in the infected area, should be quarantined by veterinarians, sick animals and their pigs with the pen immediately culled and buried or burned. Pigs, cows and sheep that have not yet been infected around and within the infected area should be vaccinated immediately. Inject the livestock on the periphery of the infected area first, and then inject the livestock in the infected area, the conventional vaccine 5 ml per head, the highly efficient concentrated vaccine 3 ml per head, and then strengthen the immunization once after 15 days. The pig pens, utensils, bedding, etc. in the infected area are thoroughly disinfected with 2% caustic soda solution, and during the epidemic period, they are disinfected every 2 to 3 days; 14 days after the last sick pig in the epidemic is cured or dies, if there are no more new cases, the blockade can be lifted after a big disinfection. But the cured pigs still need to be isolated for 1 month before they can be sold.
(2)The incidence of disease No. 5 is very high, and the morbidity and mortality rate of adult animals is generally not more than 3%. Young animals (newborn piglets, calves, lambs) on the foot-and-mouth disease virus is the most susceptible, morbidity rate of 100%, mortality is very high. Sick pigs with mild symptoms are generally able to heal themselves after about 10 days, but in order to promote early recovery, shorten the course of the disease and prevent secondary infections, symptomatic treatment should be carried out under the conditions of strict isolation and enhanced care. For oral lesions, wash the ulcerated surface with water, salt or 0.1% potassium permanganate, and apply 1-2% alum solution or iodized glycerin. For hoof lesions, wash with 3% Lysol, then apply gentian violet solution, iodized glycerin, petroleum jelly or so on. For udder lesions, wash with soapy water or 2-3% boric acid water, then apply penicillin ointment or other less irritating ointment. For acutely ill pigs, in addition to local treatment, available cardiotonic and tonic agents, such as an sodium plus, glucose saline and so on.
Treatment of swine five disease
Livestock five disease is harmful to cattle, sheep, pigs, camels and other even-toed ungulates an acute infectious disease, the production of hogs is very harmful, but also human and animal **** infectious diseases. In order to safeguard people's health and protect livestock production, for this reason, leaders at all levels to develop a series of solutions.
(I), strengthen organizational leadership
1. Establishment of the prevention and control of livestock five disease command. Prevention and control of livestock five disease is a complex and arduous work, strong policy, responsible for the daily work.
2. Improve publicity and education. Strengthen the cadres and the masses of ideological education and epidemic prevention knowledge popularization and publicity work (publicity only internally, not in the newspaper, not broadcasting, not openly publicized to the public, pay attention to confidentiality education). So that the masses and cadres have a deep understanding of the dangers of disease No. 5, the importance of prevention and control, to master the raising, transporting, operating livestock three major transmission channels and comprehensive prevention and control methods.
3. Improve the integrated prevention and control work. To take administrative measures as the main, administrative and technical control measures, the implementation of "early, fast, strict, small" approach. Do a good job in a timely manner to identify the epidemic, blockade the infected area, dealing with sick animals, cleaning and disinfection, strengthen quarantine, the development of comprehensive prevention and control measures.
(2), do a good job of epidemic reporting and census
1. Establishment of epidemic reporting system. Breeding, management, transportation of livestock units and individuals, found that livestock occurrence of suspected No. 5 disease, to report on the same day. During the epidemic of No. 5 disease, all levels of command should be reported every ten days level by level, and strictly control the flow of sick animals, the implementation of blockade isolation. In order to identify the virus type, to take the sick material in time to send for testing. 2. Do a good job of epidemic census. During the epidemic of the fifth disease, each unit should organize veterinary personnel to the jurisdiction of the livestock head by head inspection.
(C), blockade of the infected area
1. blockade of the infected area. After the delineation of the infected area, to clarify the blockade boundaries, set up signs, and notify other units. Blockade period, to stop livestock and their products and forage acquisition, transfer and trading activities, strictly prohibit the shipment of all kinds of even-footed animals and their products. Sentry and quarantine disinfection equipment should be set up at traffic junctions, and strict disinfection should be carried out for incoming and outgoing traffic and transportation tools. Infected areas should be mobilized to clean up, disinfection, and improve environmental hygiene.
2. Seal the epidemic point. Points of contagion to draw small, according to the scale of size, the distribution of the epidemic, to raise units of sick animal enclosures and activities and operating units of sick animal warehouses, workshops divided into points of contagion. Once the epidemic point is determined, it should be sealed tightly sealed, and should be around the blockade boundaries, set up signs, sent day and night supervision, to prevent the spread of the virus, in situ elimination of the source of the epidemic.
3. Protection of threatened areas. Threatened areas to strengthen epidemic prevention and management, pay attention to disinfection. At the same time to monitor the epidemic in the infected area, if found in violation of the blockade provisions, should be stopped in a timely manner, and report to the higher levels.
4. Lifting the blockade. All the sick animals and animals of the same herd in the slaughterhouse shall be slaughtered, and their meat products shall be treated harmlessly, and production shall be resumed after being thoroughly sterilized and examined and accepted by veterinarians sent by the local commanding headquarters. Fourteen days after the last sick animal in the infected point and infected area is cured, when there is no more occurrence of No. 5 disease, those who pass the inspection and acceptance of the veterinarians sent by the local command department shall be released from the blockade by the government which originally issued the blockade order.
(D), dealing with sick animals
1. Strictly deal with contaminated products. Diseased animal meat (including contaminated meat) and head, hooves, water is an important source of spreading the epidemic. In accordance with the "four regulations" of the relevant provisions of the sick animals and suspected sick animals should be sent to the emergency slaughter room slaughter in a timely manner. Sick animals head, hooves, viscera, blood to high temperature self-treatment, is strictly prohibited fresh sales; sick animals and contaminated meat to high temperature or bone acid treatment. Strictly prohibit the backflow, to eliminate the vicious circle of the fifth disease.
2, control the spread of the epidemic. Should be taken to kill, off, tube approach to eliminate the source of the epidemic. Occurrence of No. 5 disease units with fewer heads of disease, we should be determined to cull, pull out the outbreak, eliminate the source of infection.
(E), clean up and disinfection Source:Pig Baba Network
1. Polluted pig factory should be emptied and disinfected. To carry out a big disinfection and cleaning.
2. Do a good job of disinfecting the infected area and the infected point. Infected areas of cattle, sheep, pig sheds and diseased livestock products contaminated places, vehicles and boats, etc., should be thoroughly cleaned up, shoveling manure, with 2% caustic soda solution and other effective drugs, thorough disinfection. Feces, dirt, etc. should be fermented and treated. No sewerage equipment where sewage is strictly prohibited outflow, can be dug in the outbreak of pond storage, and harmless treatment. Livestock enclosures, infected households in front of the door should be set up disinfection tank and disinfection pool, to designate a person to manage, often add and replace the disinfection solution.