2. Latin: HerbaTaraxaci
3. English: dandelion
4. Source: dandelion with roots in Compositae.
5, sexual taste: cold, sweet, bitter. Entering the liver and stomach meridians.
6. Effective ingredients: Dandelion contains dandelion sterol, choline, inulin and pectin.
7. Plant morphology: Taraxacum mongolicum is a perennial herb, milky white, with a height of 10 ~ 25cm. Roots are long, single or branched. Leaves take root and are arranged in a rosette shape; Leaf blade oblong-lanceolate, oblanceolate or obovate, 6-15cm long, 2-3.5cm wide, sharp or obtuse at the top, narrow at the base, petiole extending downwards, margin lobed or irregularly pinnately divided, lobes toothed or triangular, whole or sparsely toothed, green, or with purplish spots at the edge, covered with white filiform hairs. The upper part of the flower stem is densely covered with white filiform hairs; The flower heads are solitary, with a diameter of 2.5~3.5 cm, all of which are tongue-shaped flowers; Achene oblanceolate, 4~5 mm long and 65438 0.5 mm wide, with longitudinal edges, spiny protrusions and white crown hairs. The flowering period is April-May and the fruiting period is June-July.
8. Growth characteristics: It grows in hillside grassland, roadside, riverbank sandy land and fields, and is distributed in most parts of the country.
9. Collection method: before or just after flowering in summer, dig up one by one, remove the soil and dry in the sun.
10, medicinal properties: Taraxacum mongolicum is a shriveled and curled lump, the dried roots are slightly conically curved, the surface is brown and shriveled, and the roots have brown or yellow-white hairs or have fallen off. Leaves are basal, mostly wrinkled into clusters or curled into strips. The appearance is greenish brown or dark gray green, and the main veins on the lower surface are obvious. There are 1 to several flower stems, and each flower stem has a terminal head and a yellow-brown or yellow-white corolla. Some are long oval achenes with white crown hairs. Slight breath and bitter taste.
1 1. pharmacological action: dandelion decoction or granule has strong inhibitory effect on staphylococcus aureus and hemolytic streptococcus; It also has a certain inhibitory effect on pneumococcus, meningococcus, diphtheria Bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, Shigella, typhoid Bacillus and Carinii. It can inhibit gastric acid secretion, resist ulcer and protect gastric mucosa. The extract can also antagonize endotoxin.
12, the application of dandelion:
(1) is used for heat toxic swelling and pain. Dandelion is similar to Viola yedoensis in clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating carbuncle and resolving hard mass, and is often used together. For carbuncle and furuncle, it is often combined with honeysuckle, viola yedoensis and chrysanthemum indicum, such as Wuwei Disinfection Drink. For the treatment of breast abscess, it can be used alone, taken orally or mashed. Dandelion can also be combined with honeysuckle and taken by mashing juice, which is used for the syndrome of excessive fire poison. If combined with houttuynia cordata, reed rhizome and winter melon seeds, it can be used for lung abscess, cough, thick phlegm and chest pain. Use red peony root, peony bark, rhubarb, etc. Can be used for intestinal carbuncle with excess heat syndrome; It can be combined with Radix Isatidis and Radix Scrophulariae to treat sore throat.
In addition, dandelion is used alone or in combination with chrysanthemum, gentian and scutellaria baicalensis. It can also treat red and swollen eyes.
(2) Used for damp-heat jaundice, which is unfavorable for urination. Dandelion can clear away heat, induce diuresis and detoxify. The former is often combined with Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, while the latter is often combined with Herba Lysimachiae Christinae and Rhizoma Imperatae.
13, medicinal efficacy: clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting diuresis and resolving hard mass, and mainly treating acute mastitis, lymphadenitis, scrofula, furuncle, acute conjunctivitis, common cold and fever, acute tonsillitis, acute bronchitis, gastritis, hepatitis, cholecystitis and urinary tract infection.
14, note: a large amount can cause diarrhea.
15. dandelion extract: dandelion extract is obtained by screening, extracting, filtering, concentrating and spray drying dandelion.
16, references:
(1) Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, 1989, 1 Edition.
(2) Illustrated Encyclopedia of Chinese Herbal Medicine by Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Publishing House, 1 edition, March 2065438.