Megalobrama amblycephala belongs to CYPRINIDAE, CYPRINIDAE and Silurus. Commonly known as: Megalobrama amblycephala, flat-chested Megalobrama amblycephala. English name: blunt nose dark beer, Wuchang fish, blunt nose beer.
Body height, extremely flat, diamond-shaped, the back of the head is raised, and the body length is 2.0-2.3 times of the body height. The head is small, the kiss is round and blunt, the mouth is in the end position, the mouth fissure is wide, the upper and lower jaws are the same length, and the cuticle of the upper and lower jaws is thin; The chest is flat, and the abdomen is only from the root of the pelvic fin to the anus, with a cortical abdominal margin. The dorsal fin has smooth spines, which are shorter than the head; The gluteal fin is long, with 27-32 branch fins, and the tail stalk is high and short. The back of the body is blue-gray, the sides are silver-gray, the scales at the sides are gray-black, and the melanin at the edges is scarce, which makes the whole body show rows of purple-black stripes, the abdomen is silver-white, and the fins are gray-black.
Habit:
Primary freshwater fish inhabit the middle and lower reaches of rivers, reservoirs and lakes, preferring static areas with muddy bottom and lush aquatic plants. It grows rapidly and is omnivorous. Young fish are crustaceans, and adult fish are mainly aquatic plants. Lay eggs on aquatic plants.
It can be seen in the southern reservoir area of Chinese mainland.
Megalobrama amblycephala is more common in lakes and is more suitable for living in still water. Usually inhabiting the middle and lower layers of open water with silt as the bottom, submerged plants grow. Young fish mainly feed on cladocera and other crustaceans; Adult fish mainly eat aquatic plants, such as Sophora alopecuroides and black algae, and a small amount of zooplankton. Eat a lot in April, and the fattening period is from June to 65438+1October, with the highest feeding intensity, and stop eating in winter from165438+1October. The accessibility of the second instar is mature, and the adult fish will breed in clusters in the running water from May to June. Generally, a spawning ground needs a certain amount of running water and dense aquatic plants, with soft and sandy bottom, water depth of 1.0- 1.5m and water temperature of 20-28℃. Generally, the number of pregnant eggs is 3.7- 1.03 million. When the water temperature is 25℃, fertilized eggs can hatch after two days and two nights. In winter, the cluster overwinters in the mud pit in deep water.
Megalobrama amblycephala is only distributed in medium-sized lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
The growth rate is relatively fast. The length of fish in that year can reach 120-230 mm, and the largest individual can reach about 3 kg. Because it is a herbivore, it can breed in still water, so there are artificial breeding all over the country. Megalobrama amblycephala is tender, delicious and rich in fat, which is better than Changchun bream and Triceratops. The edible part per100g contains 20.8g of protein, 0.5g of fat15.8g, 0.9g of carbohydrate, 229kcal of calories, 0.55mg of calcium/kloc-0, 0.95mg of phosphorus/kloc-0, and 2.2mg of iron, so it is an excellent fish. The word "Wuchang fish" was originally a general term for bream and bream. At the entrance of the Yangtze River in Liangzi Lake, Hubei Province, there is a small town called Fankou, which was called Wuchang County in ancient times. Rivers and lakes are connected here, and many fish groups freely enter and leave the rivers and lakes. The lake is rich in natural food and is an important fattening place for fish. The "bream" produced in Fankou is mainly bream, with tender and plump meat. Therefore, there was a saying in ancient times that "snapper is the best in the world", and people who come to Wuchang must also try Wuchang fish. Wuchang fish is the object of praise by poets of past dynasties, and there are many famous sentences handed down from generation to generation, such as "Don't look at Wuchang fish when traveling south" and "Kyushu has a home". At the end of the Three Kingdoms more than 1,700 years ago, Sun Hao, the Lord of Wu, wanted to move the capital from Jianye, and the people suffered from countercurrent worship. Some ministers in North Korea prevented him from moving the capital. Prime Minister Zuo inspired him to discourage Wu from moving to the capital and compiled a folk song: "I would rather drink Jianye water than eat Wuchang fish;" I would rather die in Jianye than live in Wuchang ... "Since then, the title of Wuchang Fish has been handed down.