(A) Overview
AKA Fragrant Thorny mustard, line mustard, four-pronged pole artemisia, false Sue.
The whole grass and flower (fruit) spike of Schizonepeta tenuifolia (Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq.), which is a plant of Schizonepeta genus of Labiatae. It has the effect of publishing, dispersing wind, penetrating rash, and stopping bleeding by frying charcoal. Mainly used for treating colds, headaches, measles, skin itching; fried charcoal treatment of blood in the stool, leakage. Mainly produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanxi, Hebei, Hubei, Hunan and other provinces, now mostly cultivated species.
(B) Plant Characteristics
Annual herb, 60-80 cm high, with a strong aroma. The stem is erect, slightly purplish at the base, much branched at the upper part, and pubescent throughout. Leaves opposite, subsessile; leaf blade 3-5-pinnatipartite, lobes striped or lanceolate, 1.5-2 cm long, 0.2-0.4 cm wide, entire, both surfaces pilose, with sunken glandular dots beneath. Corolla 2-lipped, upper and lower lips subequal, slightly exceeding calyx, reddish white. Stamens 4, didynamous. Nutlets 4. Nutlets 4. Brown, glossy.
(C) Growth characteristics
Born on roadsides, ditches and ponds, grass and shady slopes of mountains.
(D) Cultivation techniques
1. Selection of land preparation
Select sunny, good drainage and irrigation conditions, loose and fertile land planting. Early plowing, deep plowing, after the harvest of the previous crop, every 1/15 hectares of 3000 kg of farmyard manure, 15 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 10 kg of urea, 2 kg of Bataan to reduce underground pests. Deep plowing 25 centimeters, leveling, the next year after freezing and then plowing again, harrowing to make the border. The width of the bed is 120 centimeters, and the length depends on the terrain and seeds. Thorny virgins are very small, so the ground must be fine leveling, which is conducive to the emergence of seedlings.
2. Selection and retention of good seeds
Selection of plants with a large plant shape, branching and leafy, large spikes, strong aroma of the plant for seed. in October, the thorns were red, the seeds were dark brown or brown, cut off the spikes and put them in the sun on the site, drying the thorns after shaking or hitting, so that a large number of seeds fall off. Collect the seeds and remove the impurities, or tie the cob into small handfuls and dry in the sun to thresh. Packed in a cloth bag and placed in a ventilated dry place.
3. Sowing
Thorny sowing and strip sowing, strip sowing is good, it is desirable to ventilation and light, not easy to get diseases. The first sowing in March, grow to 150-200 cm when harvesting, high yield, good quality. The second sowing in June, such as oilseed rape, wheat harvest can be sown, the fall can grow 120 cm or so, yield, quality than spring sowing poor. More arid areas to take early sowing or deep irrigation before sowing and then sowing. Sowing method: according to the row spacing of 20 cm open 0.5 cm deep shallow ditch, seed evenly sprinkled into the ditch or bed, covered with a layer of thin fine soil, a week or so that is germinated, per hectare sowing amount 7.5 ~ 15 kg. Sowing requirements sowing shallow, sowing uniform, after sowing with a broom gently pat the ground, so that the seed and soil can be stained together, the amount of seed sown per hectare 15 to 22.5 kg.
4. Field management
Seedling should keep the soil moist, watering attention to not let the leaves on the soil, otherwise the seedling death. Seedling growth 5 cm high, combined with inter-seedling, to fill the seedlings, to ensure that the whole seedling. Plant spacing 5 to 10 cm, seedling often loose on weeding, stop after sealing the ridge. Seedling growth is very weak, if the pursuit of urea, 75 kg per hectare.
5. Pest control
(1) Root rot
July-August fungi due to high temperatures and rain occurs, infection of the ground quickly wilted, roots and rhizomes blackened, rotting.
Control methods: pay attention to drainage, before sowing 15 kg per hectare of 70% diclofenac, treatment of soil. At the beginning of the disease, use quintozene 200 times liquid to water the inter-root.
(2) Standing blight
occurs in May to June, low temperature and rain, the soil is very wet easy to get, the onset of the early seedlings of the stem occurs brown water stained small black dots, small black dots to expand, was brown, the stem base becomes thin, collapse and die.
Control methods: choose good seeds, strengthen field management, do a good job of drainage. When encountering low temperature and rain, we should play Bordeaux liquid 1:1:100 times, 10 days to play 1 time, and even play 2 to 3 times. The early stage of the onset of the disease with 50% metribuzin 1500 times liquid control.
(E) Harvesting and processing
Thorns just flowering, to harvest the best quality. Generally 2/3 of the spike is mature, seed 1/3 full, strong aroma, in production than the normal harvest time ahead of 5 to 7 days harvest, this time the flower bloom or bloom over the flower, spike green, to be seeded, this time harvested herbs of better quality. Choose a sunny morning dew just past, cut with a sickle, cut and transport, can not be in the sun in the hot sun, in the shade in the shade, after drying bundled into a handle for the whole thorn mustard, cut off the spike for the thorn mustard spikes, the remaining culms for the thorn mustard stalks, for the seed of the thorn mustard ...... >>
Question 2: When to plant Arabidopsis thaliana Sowing
Spring and summer can be planted in both seasons, if boiled oil to the spring is better, if the collection of mustard spikes or whole herbs to summer is better. Spring sowing in March to early April; summer sowing in June to July. The general use of strip sowing, sowing, in the whole planting ground, according to the row spacing 20cm open about 5cm deep ditch, along the ditch will be evenly spread into the ditch, mulch to not see the seeds to the degree. It is best to choose to plant when the soil is dry and wet, which is conducive to seedling emergence. After sowing often keep the soil moist, promote germination fast, seeding Qi, mu with the amount of seed 2kg.
Question 3: Thornywort pot planting method Thornywort strong vitality, management is rough, very good planting. Balcony planting points:
First, planting steps:
1. Choose a pot, lay a layer of crushed stone under the pot, then loaded with fertile sandy loam, use a small shovel to dig a small pit with a diameter of about 3cm, put 3~5 seeds, then cover the soil, use a small spatula to press slightly, water enough can be.
2. When the seedlings grow to 3~5cm, you can pull out the seedlings that are not growing well and keep the ones that are growing vigorously. When the wattle grows to about 10cm, apply a homemade fertilizer to provide sufficient nutrients for growth.
3. When the thorn mustard grows to 20~25cm, you can pick its young branches and leaves to eat. When picking, it is best to start picking from the bottom first, every 7~10 days.
Second, maintenance:
Thornbeam likes warm and humid environment, the growth temperature in general at 25~28 degrees, during the growth period to give it timely loosening of the soil, weeding, watering, but watering can not be too much, beware of thornbeam occurrence of standing blight, if it occurs, to spray Bordeaux liquid prevention and control in a timely manner. When the temperature is too high and the sun is hot, it should be properly shaded and ventilated.
Question 4: Cultivation techniques of thorn mustard are generally propagated by seed, sown in April. Ground preparation and fertilization of thorny mustard seeding is relatively dense, and fertilization during the growing period is very inconvenient, so after the land is selected, more base fertilizer should be applied, and more than 2,000 kilograms of organic fertilizer such as compost, stable manure or smoked soil can be applied to each acre, and more bottom fertilizer should be applied to the heavy cropping land to prohibit nitrate nitrogen fertilizer. The base fertilizer will be evenly spread on the ground after plowing about 25 cm deep, after deep plowing, made into a width of about 1.2 m, 10 cm high bed. After the border is made, in order to improve the seed germination rate, it should be watered to collapse the moisture, and after the soil dries out, it will be shallowly turned. Before turning the ground, soil treatment granules can be spread to prevent underground pests from infesting the seeds and affecting the germination rate. Turning over the ground should not be too deep. 5~6 cm can be, leveling and waiting for sowing. Soak the seeds, sowing seeds should be screened before sowing, picking out the impurities and seeds that have been damaged, and then soaked in water for 12~24 hours, and then fished out and dried to a ventilated and dry place, which can make the internal metabolism of the seeds accelerate, enhance the vitality, and improve the germination rate. Due to the small seeds of thorn mustard, in order to make the sowing more uniform, you can wait until the surface of the seed is not water mixed with the right amount of fine sand or fine soil, the ratio of seed and sand to soil is 3:1, mix well after sowing. On the bed with a tool to open a furrow along the bed, furrow distance of about 20 cm, furrow depth of about 5 cm. Sow the seeds into the furrow, usually about 1 kg of seeds per mu. After sowing, cover the soil 1~2 cm thick, tread a little with the foot, and then use the iron rake to sow the flat, so that the seeds and the soil in close contact. Watering after sowing, keep the soil on the bed moist, favorable to the emergence of seedlings. After sowing the ground temperature at 16 ~ 18 ℃ need 10 ~ 15 days to emerge, such as the ground temperature at 19 ~ 25 ℃, humidity is suitable, about 1 week to emerge, before and after the emergence of seedlings should also keep the soil moist. Seedling set when the seedling height 6 ~ 10 cm, between the densely weak seedlings, seedlings. When the seedling height of 10 ~ 15 cm according to the rows of 10 ~ 15 cm spacing to stay 2 ~ 3 seedlings for seedling fixing, if there is a lack of seedlings, should be between the large seedlings, strong seedlings with soil transplanting, it is best to choose cloudy day transplanting, to avoid strong sunlight when carried out. Transplanting as much as possible with the original soil, replenishment of seedlings should be timely watering, in order to facilitate the survival of seedlings. Plowing and weeding Plowing and weeding is a key measure for the good growth and development of thorn mustard, mainly to loosen the soil, increase the ground temperature, regulate soil moisture, and eradicate weeds, so as to promote the development of the root system and ensure the robust growth of the seedlings. When the seedling height of about 5 centimeters, use a small hoe to loosen the soil, cut through the ground can be, to prevent injury to the root. Seedling plowing to highlight the "early, shallow, fine" three words: "early" is to point out that the seedling should be timely plowing; "shallow" refers to the depth of plowing can not be more than 5 centimeters, in order to prevent injury to the root, Shallow" means that the depth of plowing should not be more than 5 cm to prevent root injury, seedling injury and moisture runoff; "fine" means that the depth of plowing should be the same, and the soil should be loosened and finely crushed. Thorny into the long term, but also to often plow and weed, keep the field soil loose without weeds, 20 days or so 1 time, or depending on the specific circumstances and then determine, sowing due to the inconvenience of plowing, so pay attention to weed, or appropriate plowing 1 ~ 2 times, generally after the line is closed after the inconvenience of loosening the soil. Loosen the soil should be shallow, so as not to hurt the roots. Plowing should be carried out when the soil dryness and humidity are moderate. Fertilizer drainage irrigation thorn mustard seedlings need more nitrogen fertilizer, in order to promote the culm strong spike more, should also be appropriate application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer. When the seedling height is 15~20 cm, sprinkle some fertilizers along the rows, 10~15 kg of urea and 25~40 kg of cake fertilizer per mu. Seedlings should be watered frequently to facilitate growth. After the adult plant drought resistance is enhanced, it can no longer be watered, but in summer, long drought and no rain, the soil moisture content is below 8%, and the plant is wilted when it should be lightly watered, and the amount of watering each time should not be too large. Thornbush is most afraid of waterlogging in this period, if there is too much rain, the water in the field should be drained in time to avoid causing diseases. When the seedling height is 20~25 centimeters, add 10 kg of potassium chloride, open the furrow to apply people, and cultivate the soil after application. When the seedling height of 30 cm or more, per mu sprinkle 60 kg of rotted cake fertilizer, and can be equipped with a small amount of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer. July thorn mustard into the late stage of growth, at this time, generally do not carry out field management, so that it grows naturally, so that you can inhibit the reproductive growth, is conducive to the nutrient growth, to improve the yield and quality. Harvesting and processing harvesting stems and leaves should be in the summer pregnant spikes and not spikes, mustard spikes should be harvested in the fall when 50% of the seeds are mature and 50% are still in bloom. Choose a sunny day after the dew dries up, cut the whole plant with a sickle and dry it, that is, the whole thorn; pick the flower spike and dry it, called thorn mustard spike; the rest of the aboveground part of the base of the stem is harvested and dried, that is, the thorn mustard stalks; in the harvest of the herbs, you need to choose to stay in the seed plant, until the seeds are fully ripe and then harvested, and put in a half-shade and half-sun place to dry, drying, threshing, and removing the stems and leaves, and other impurities after the collection. Root rot disease July to August high temperature and rain thorny mustard plants are susceptible to fungal infections, the infection of the ground quickly wilted, roots, rhizomes blackened, rot. Prevention and control methods: pay attention to drainage, use ...... per hectare before sowing. >>
Question 5: Can you plant thorn mustard in pots? You can!
The adaptability of Thornywort is very strong, sun-loving, more growth in a warm and humid environment, the soil requirements are not strict, the general soil can be planted, but in loose, fertile soil growth is better, high temperature and rainy season is afraid of stagnant water, short-term stagnant water will cause death. Seeds are easy to germinate, germination is not strict on temperature requirements, seeds can germinate at 15~20 ℃, the growth temperature is 20~25 ℃, seedlings can withstand low temperatures of about 0 ℃. Thornybush is resistant to high temperatures, more resistant to cold, but below -2 ℃ there will be frost damage, avoid continuous cultivation.
Thorn seedling period requires moist soil, afraid of drought and water shortage. Seedling period like dry environment, rain is poor growth.
Generally use seed reproduction, sowing in April.
When the seedling height of 6~10 cm, between the densely weak seedlings, seedlings. When the seedling height of 10 ~ 15 cm according to the rows of 10 ~ 15 cm spacing to stay 2 ~ 3 seedlings for seedlings, if there is a lack of seedlings, should be between the large seedlings, strong seedlings with soil transplantation, preferably choose cloudy day transplantation, avoid in the sun when the sun is strong. Transplanting as much as possible with the original soil, replanting seedlings should be timely watering, in order to facilitate the survival of seedlings.
Question 6: Can I plant thorns without roots? Bottle insertion of water to grasp the following essentials 1. base to leaf cut slash into the bottle before the insertion of the base of the leaves to remove, and with a sharp knife will be cut into the base of the slash, the knife should be smooth, in order to increase the absorption of water and nutrients area. Every 3-4 days, change the water, you can put a few small pieces of charcoal antiseptic, do not move the position and change direction within 10 days, about 15 days or so you can grow silver-white fibrous roots. 2. water change to add water after rooting should not change the water, water evaporation can only add water in time. Often change the water is easy to cause yellow leaves and branches withered. Add the water is best to use well water, with tap water to be stored in a vessel for a day, the water should be kept clean, fresh, can not use dirty water, hard water or mixed with oily water, otherwise it is easy to rot the roots.
Question 7: What kind of vegetable is thorn mustard? Pictures Thorny mustard, alias: fragrant Thorny caper, thread caper, four-pronged pole artemisia, false Sue, is a perennial plant in the family of Labiatae, genus Thorny mustard. Stem strong, basal woody, multi-branched, 40-150 cm high, base nearly four-angled, upper obtuse four-angled, shallow groove, white pubescent. Its dried stems and leaves and flower spikes are used medicinally. Fresh young buds pediatric sedative best, thorn leaves yellow-green, stem square purplish, cross-section yellow-white, spike slightly black purple yellow-green. Flavor flat, warm, non-toxic, clear aroma. Thorny mustard for sweating, antipyretic medicine, is one of the commonly used Chinese herbs, can suppress phlegm, expectorant, cool blood. Treatment of influenza, headache, cold, fever and sweating, vomiting.
Thornywort is a flavored dish for its aromatic odor. In the recipe, there are stir-fried thuja, thuja mixed with cucumber, thuja pouring juice, thuja rot bamboo, thuja onion (commonly known as Tiger Vegetable) and so on.
Question 8: Can you plant Arabidopsis thaliana in water?
Question 9: I planted the thorn mustard What is this out of ah can definitely tell you that this is not thorn mustard