In Huangdi Neijing, the five grains are called "japonica rice, adzuki bean, wheat, soybean and yellow millet", while in Mencius Teng Wengong, they are called "rice, millet, millet, wheat and oat", and in Buddhist sacrifices, they are also called "barley, wheat, rice, adzuki bean and flax.
Then Li Shizhen recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica that there are 33 kinds of cereals and 14 kinds of beans, with a total of 47 kinds. There is also a saying that grains generally refer to five kinds of crops, namely, "hanging, rattan, root, horn and ear".
Extended data:
Historical origin
The theory of "five grains" appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The Analects of Confucius: "Four bodies are not diligent, and five grains are not divided." But the explanations are different, one is millet, millet, wheat, rice; When it comes to millet, millet, wheat, millet and hemp.
Although the concept of five grains has been in existence for more than two thousand years, the status of these crops in the national food supply has changed from time to time. Millet, millet and other crops in the five grains have the characteristics of drought tolerance, barren tolerance and short growth period, so they occupy a particularly important position in the original cultivation of dry land in the north.
Agronomists Zhao Guo and Fan Sheng Zhi in the Western Han Dynasty devoted themselves to popularizing wheat planting in Guanzhong area. The increase of Guanzhong population in Han Dynasty was closely related to the development of wheat farming.
Until the Tang and Song Dynasties, the population in the north was more than that in the south. But after the Tang and Song Dynasties, the situation changed. China's population growth is mainly concentrated in the southeast, which is the land of Chu and Yue, which has been called "vast territory and sparsely populated" since Qin and Han Dynasties.
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