Ordinary peanut varieties are of the alternating flowering type. The main stem does not bloom but has many side branches with three branches. The pods are ordinary type, with thicker skin and smaller fruit mouth. The fruit is basically two seeds. Oval in shape, the seed coat is mostly red or light red. The Longsheng type is an alternating flowering type, with no flowers on the main stem, slender side branches, strong branching, often four branches, and obvious hairs on the leaves.
There are many varieties of peanuts. According to their flowering type and other comprehensive characteristics, peanuts are generally divided into four types, namely ordinary type, dragon type, pearl bean type and multi-grain type.
1. Ordinary pods
Ordinary peanut varieties are of the alternating flowering type. The main stem does not bloom but has many side branches, with three branches. The pods are ordinary type, with thicker skin and fruit. The mouth is small, and the fruit is basically two seeds, oval in shape, and the seed coat is mostly red or light red.
Ordinary varieties can be divided into four types according to their plant types: upright, semi-vine, trailing and cluster.
Ordinary peanut varieties have a longer growth period, and the growth period for spring sowing is generally 5-6 months. They are suitable for sowing spring peanuts that mature once a year. It grows luxuriantly and has strong drought and barren tolerance. However, its fruits are scattered and difficult to harvest, so it is suitable for planting in hilly dry land.
2. Dragon type
The dragon type is an alternating flowering type, with no flowers on the main stem, slender side branches, strong branching, and often four branches. There are obvious hairs on the leaves.
The fruit is curved in shape with a thin seed shell. Each pod has 3-5 seeds, is conical or triangular, has pits, and the seed coat is mostly dark red.
Longsheng type peanut varieties have strong drought resistance and barrenness tolerance, and are suitable for planting in drought or flying sand areas. The growth period is about 5 months. Its oil content is low, but it has a unique flavor when used as food processing.
3. Pearl bean type
This variety is a continuous flowering type, with main stems blooming, early flowering, and a short and concentrated flowering period. Its plant type is upright, weakly branched, rarely has three branches, and has large leaves.
The pod is cocoon-shaped or gourd-shaped, with a thin shell and contains two seeds. The seeds are round or peach-shaped and have a light red seed coat.
Due to the characteristics of the pearl bean type, such as compact plant type, concentrated fruit, full grains, and early maturity (the growth period is more than 4 months), the planting area is currently increasing.
4. Multi-grain type
This variety is of continuous flowering type, with main stems blooming, tall plants, few branches, thick stems, mostly purple-red, and larger leaves. It has a long flowering period and large blooms.
The pods of this variety are bead-shaped, with an inconspicuous mouth, and a thick shell. Each fruit has 3-4 seeds. The seeds are cylindrical or triangular, and the skin is purple-red.
Multi-grain peanut varieties germinate quickly, emerge neatly, and have strong seedling growth, but they mature very early, usually around 4 years old, and the results are concentrated and plump. Therefore, it is suitable for planting in the early-maturing areas of Northeast China.
Our country has a vast territory and a large climate difference between the north and the south. There are two cropping areas a year, three cropping areas every two years, and one cropping area a year.
The sowing season also includes spring sowing, summer sowing, and autumn sowing, so the selection of varieties must be careful and based on local natural conditions, cultivation techniques, soil conditions, comprehensive characteristics of seeds, and disease resistance and stress resistance. , production and other aspects should be considered comprehensively before making a selection.
For example, in the northern peanut area, you can choose to plant No. 4, No. 7, No. 9, No. 11, No. 14 in Yuhua, No. 9, No. 11, No. 14 in Luhua, No. 8130, No. 4 in Jiyou wait.
In southern areas, small peanuts are available, such as Yueyou 116, Shanyou 27, Zhonghua No. 2, and No. 4. These are mostly pearl bean-type varieties that are resistant to bacterial wilt and rust.
Other varieties such as Luhua No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 11 and 79266 series are early-maturing large peanuts with strong adaptability to increase yield. It is recommended that you try planting them.
In general, there are many varieties of peanuts. You should choose varieties for planting according to your actual situation. In areas where spring sowing is the main area, it is recommended to choose medium-ripening and large-fruit varieties. In areas with many crops, it is recommended to choose medium-sized varieties. Ripe and early maturing varieties.
For summer sowing cultivation with plastic film covering, it is recommended to choose early maturing varieties. In a place, we should pay attention to the combination of good varieties. First of all, it is necessary to determine a main variety, which can be matched with 1-2 other varieties, and a suitable successor variety must be selected in time. The purpose is not to have a single variety, but to prevent too many varieties from forming a main advantage.