I, sugarcane introduction!
1, sugar cane is a fruit?
Fruit refers to the fruit of the plant, and sugarcane is the stem of the plant, from a botanical point of view sugarcane is not a fruit; but the fruit also refers to the juicy and the main taste for the sweet and sour food, sugarcane is not a fruit, but also belongs to the juicy and sweet food, is considered to be a special fruit.
2, eat sugar cane on fire?
Eating sugarcane will not be on fire, because it is a cool fruit, after eating the effect of heat detoxification, in addition, it is also a thirst, and stomach vomiting, nourishing yin moistening and drying effect, the general population can eat, but the spleen and stomach cold, stomach and abdomen cold pain can not eat.
Two, sugar cane planting technology introduction!
1, land preparation
Planting of sugarcane plots should have deep, loose, fertile soil conditions, after selecting a good plot of land, deep ploughing of about 30 cm, and then sprinkled with basal fertilizer; and then open the planting of sugarcane grooves, ditch depth of 20 cm or so, 20-25 cm wide, ditch heart distance of 100 cm, the bottom of the ditch should be flat.
2, seed selection
Select the newly planted cane that grows well in the field and has no pests and diseases as seed, if there are not enough seedlings, you can also leave the dormant root cane as seed; in order to improve the germination rate, accelerate the speed of germination, and reduce the pests and diseases, the seedlings need to go through the sunshine, soak the seed disinfecting and germination treatment.
3, seeding
Generally in the topsoil within 10 cm of the temperature stabilized at 10 ℃ or more can be planted, the density should be reasonable, planting too sparse is the effective number of stems less, the yield is not high, too dense is a weak stem thin, dead stems increase, low sucrose, sugar yield is not high; high temperatures, water and fertilizer conditions are good, the amount of seed can be less, and vice versa, more; stem thin, upright varieties can be a little dense, and vice versa, sparse.
4, replenishment of seedlings, seedlings, seedlings
In the basic end of budding, cane seedlings grow 3-5 true leaves, check whether there is a lack of seedlings, see the lack of seedlings to timely replenishment; in addition to checking the lack of seedlings, but also to carry out the inter-seedling, to remove too many tillers, to reduce the consumption of nutrients; to determine the number of effective stems per acre, to retain the appropriate number of seedlings per acre.
5, weeding, plowing, soil cultivation
Sugarcane in the line before the closure, weeds are easy to grow, consume nutrients to cover the cane seedlings, so it is necessary to timely weeding, generally combined with the soil cultivation; in the seedling has 6-7 leaves, tillering, cultivate the soil height of about 3 centimeters, in the tillering season, the cane plant began to close the line cultivation height of about 6 centimeters, cultivation of soil height of 20-30 centimeters at the beginning of the elongation. The soil will be cultivated to a height of 20-30 centimeters in the early stage of elongation.
6, fertilization
Sugarcane fertilizer needs a large amount of fertilizer, to reapply the base fertilizer, timely and phased fertilizer, fertilizer application principles can be summarized as three attack a complementary, the two ends of the light, the middle of the heavy, the three attacks is to attack the seedling fertilizer, attack the tiller fertilizer, the attack of the stem fertilizer, a complementary is the late supplemental application of the end of the strong fertilizer, the two ends of the light refers to seedling, the late elongation of the amount of fertilizer should be less, the middle of the heavy refers to the elongation of the early amount of fertilizer to be more.
7, watering
Sugarcane lifetime water demand, but not flood-tolerant, the overall trend of water demand is less at both ends, more in the middle, budding, tillering and maturity of the amount of water needed less, the extension of the long period of time need more water, the cane field should be maintained respectively, wet - wet - moist state can be, can not be stagnant water, otherwise it will lead to rotting of the roots.
8, stripping leaves
With the elongation of cane stems, the basal leaves will gradually wither and yellow, to beat the withered and yellow foot leaves, especially in hot and humid cane areas, must be stripped of leaves; if it is a drought-stricken area, should not beat the foot leaves, in order to help retain water and prevent drought; if it is to stay in the field, should not beat the foot leaves, to ensure that the buds will not be damaged.
9, diseases and insects
Sugarcane diseases are pineapple disease, red rot disease, black spikes disease, white leaf disease, _ stripe disease, leaf blight, etc., once the disease, there is no medicine, only the whole plant can be pulled out, burned, therefore, we must strengthen the prevention, or breeding of disease-resistant varieties. Insect pests include stem borers, cotton aphids, powdery shellfish, cane turtles, thrips, etc., which can be prevented and treated with medicines.
Three, what sugarcane varieties are good for planting in 2019?
Sugarcane can be divided into fruit cane and sugar cane according to its use:
1, fruit cane: it is exclusively for fresh food, and there are a lot of varieties, such as Guangdong's Tanzhou big cane, Haifeng wax cane, Fujian's Fuzhou white eyebrow cane, Tongan fruit cane, Zhejiang's Hangzhou green sugar cane, Rui'an Taoshan sugar cane, Sichuan's crunchy foreign sugar cane, Dahongpao crunchy sugar cane, and white meal sugar cane, and Guangxi's red-skinned fruit sugar cane, and so on.
2. Sugar cane: it is used to make sugar, and there are many varieties, such as Gui Sugar No. 1, Gui Sugar No. 2, Gui Sugar No. 3, Gui Sugar No. 7, Gui Sugar No. 10, Gui Sugar No. 11, Taiwan Sugar No. 20, Taiwan Sugar No. 22, Taiwan Sugar No. 24, and Taiwan Sugar No. 26, and so on.
The above is the introduction of sugarcane planting technology and 2019 planting varieties, hope it is useful to you.