1, blue whale blue whale is known to mankind the world's largest animal, the whole body is blue-gray. Currently caught the largest blue whale in 1904, the location of the Atlantic Ocean near the Falkland Islands. This blue whale is 33.5 meters long, weighing 195 tons equivalent to the weight of 35 elephants. Its tongue weighs about 3 tons its heart weighs 700 kilograms, lungs weigh 1,500 kilograms, the total weight of the blood is about 8 tons to 9 tons, and the intestines are half a mile long. Such a large body can only live in the vastness of the ocean.
The blue whale is the Earth's premier beast, on the size of the beast of the "king". The blue whale is also the only Hercules. A large blue whale has the power of up to 1700 horsepower, can match the power of a locomotive. It can tow a 800-horsepower boat, and even when the boat is upside down, it can still run for hours at a speed of 4 to 7 nautical miles per hour. Blue whales can also swim very fast, up to 15 nautical miles per hour. The blue whale has a flat, broad horizontal tail fin, which is the driving force behind its forward motion and serves as a rudder for up and down elevation. Two flippers, evolved from the forelimbs, keep the body balanced and assist in switching direction, which makes its movements both agile and smooth.
2, sperm whale sperm whale head heavy tail light, like a huge tadpole, the head accounted for one-third of the body, looks like a big box. Nostrils are also very special, only the left nostril open, and is located in the left front above; right nostril blockage. Therefore, when it exhales, it emits a column of mist at an angle of 45° to the left front. Although the teeth of the sperm whale are very large and more than 20 centimeters long, with 40 to 50 teeth on each side, only the lower jaw has teeth, while the upper jaw is only "stabbed out" by the teeth of the lower jaw of a hole. However, the sperm whale habits and the blue whale is very different from it than the blue whale is even more powerful, prey once it bites it will be difficult to get away. Its favorite food is the deep-sea king squid.
Among all cetaceans, the sperm whale dives the deepest, up to 2,200 meters. Sperm whale's economic value is very high, the huge "head box" contains a special cetacean wax oil, in the past, people mistakenly think it is the brain out, so called it "brain oil". In fact, "brain oil" has nothing to do with the brain, this is a great use of lubricants, many precision instruments, such as watches, chronometers and even rockets, can not be separated from it a large sperm whale's head loaded with those oils. The famous ambergris is a foreign substance in the intestines of this whale, which is an excellent fragrance preserver, and the sperm whale's name is also derived from it.
3, killer whale killer whale also belongs to the toothed whale class. It is nearly 10 meters long, weighing 7 tons to 8 tons, the female is slightly smaller, but also 6 meters to 8 meters. Killer whales are bold and cunning, and brutal and gluttonous, is the vast ocean "rampant thugs". The English name of the killer whale means killer of whales. Many people have witnessed killer whales attacking dolphins, sea lions and large cetaceans at sea.
The orca's mouth is very large, the upper and lower jaws each have two dozen 10 centimeters to 13 centimeters long sharp teeth, a large mouth, the sharp teeth exposed, and more show a vicious look. Teeth toward the back of the inner curved, upper and lower jaw teeth interlocked with each other, and the human hand fingers crossed together in the form of similar. This not only makes it difficult for the captured object to escape the tiger's mouth, but also tears and cuts the prey. The killer whale is very recognizable. There are two large ovoid white spots behind its eyes, which look like two large eyes from a distance; there is also a white area on the side of its body that protrudes in the direction of its back, making it unique.
The killer whale is strong, agile, and swims quickly, up to 30 nautical miles per hour. Swimming, the male whale up to 1.8 meters of dorsal fin protruding from the water, quite similar to an ancient weapon - "halberd" upside down on the surface of the shape of the killer whale, so the killer whale and another "orca" and the tiger of the sea alias and the tiger of the sea.
ReptilesMarine reptiles are reptiles that can survive in the ocean. Existing marine reptiles include sea turtles, sea crocodiles and sea snakes, and extinct ones include ichthyosaurs and snake-necked dragons.
1, sea snakes
Sea snakes are a class of venomous snakes that live in seawater all their lives. The nostrils of the sea snake face upwards, with valves that can be opened and closed, and after inhaling air,
the nostrils can be closed to dive underwater for up to 10 minutes. The surface of the body is covered with scales, and beneath the scales is a thick skin that prevents seawater infiltration and loss of body fluids. The salt glands under the tongue have the function of expelling excess salt that enters the body with food. Small sea snakes are half a meter long and large sea snakes can reach about 3 meters. They inhabit the coastal offshore, especially along semi-saline estuaries, and feed on fish. In addition to a very small number of sea snakes spawn, the rest of the litter, for the oviparous.
China has 19 species of sea snakes, widely distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Zhejiang, Shandong, Liaoning and other provinces along the coast offshore. The common ones are the green-ringed sea snake, the flat-chinned sea snake and the long-nosed sea snake. Sea snakes can be used medicinally, with the efficacy of dispelling wind and relieving pain, activating blood circulation, nourishing and strengthening the body.
2, sea turtles sea turtles is a general term for marine turtles. Living in China's marine turtles in the ocean there are five species (the world is only seven species), mainly distributed in the Xisha Islands and Huidong County, Guangdong Province, the port, followed by the coast of Sanya City, Hainan Province, the suburbs of the coast and the coast of Lingshui County. The five species of sea turtles recorded in the China Sea are leatherback turtles, sea turtles, _turtles, hawksbill turtles and Li turtles, all of which are nationally protected animals.
Sea turtles are the largest reptiles in the marine world today. The largest individual is considered to be the leatherback turtle. Its maximum body length of up to 2.5 meters, weighing about 1,000 kilograms, known as the king of sea turtles.
The ancestors of sea turtles appeared on Earth more than 200 million years ago. Ancient sea turtles and the birth of the unrivaled dinosaurs together experienced a period of prosperity. Later, the earth has gone through several vicissitudes of change, the dinosaurs went extinct one after another, sea turtles also began to decline. However, the sea turtles with the hard back armor formed by the protection of the shell overcame the nature to bring them countless times of bad luck, tenacious survival. Sea turtles walk hard through the long history of more than 200 million years of journey, still generation after generation to survive and reproduce, can be said to be a truly ancient, tenacious and precious animals.
Sea fish are fish that live in the sea, such as scallops and yellowtail. Sea fish to fresh water will die, the reason is: seawater density, pressure, sea fish into fresh water will die is because the sea fish blood pressure adapted to sea water pressure, into fresh water after fresh water pressure is small, the sea fish's blood pressure over the water pressure leads to blood vessel burst death.
Sea fish is rich in nutrients, suitable for braising, steaming and other methods of cooking and eating.
1, manta rays "devil fish" is a huge tropical fish, the scientific name of the front mouth manta rays. Its size and strength often make divers afraid, because as long as it initiated anger, just use its powerful "wings" a beat, will touch the broken bones, to the death of people. That's why they call it the "devil fish". Sometimes manta rays use its cephalic fins to hang themselves on the anchor chain of the boat, dragging the boat quickly running around in the sea, so that fishermen mistakenly think that this is the "devil" in the monster, but in fact it is the manta ray's mischief.
"Devil fish" like to swim in groups, sometimes submerged seabed, sometimes male and female pairs rose to the surface. In the breeding season, manta rays sometimes use both fins to beat the water, jumping up in the air, can jump out of the water, in the water more than one person high above the "glide", when the water, the sound is like a cannon, the waves for miles, very spectacular.
Manta rays look intimidating, but in fact it is very gentle, only to crustaceans or groups of small fish and shrimp for food. The two fleshy feet on its head are its cephalic fins, which protrude forward, flipped over and free to rotate, and it is with these that the manta ray uses to drive away food and flick it into its mouth to swallow it.
2, electric rays in the fish kingdom there is a class of power generation or will emit radio waves of the fish, they are very clever way to hunt and defend the enemy.
In the vast ocean there are electric rays that can generate electricity, its generator is mutated from the gill muscles. At the back of the head and the pectoral fins on the shoulders, there is a large, ovoid, honeycomb-shaped generator on the left and right. The most basic structure of each power-generating organ is a small plate, the electroplate (fibrous tissue), about 40 of which overlap up and down to form a hexagonal columnar tube, with 600 tubules on each side, called the electrofunktion tubes. It is filled with gelatinous material, so the naked eye is a translucent milky white color, which is clearly different from the surrounding pink muscle. Each electric plate with nerve endings on one side for the negative pole, the other side for the positive pole, the direction of the current from the abdominal direction of the dorsal side, the amount of discharge 70 volts to 80 volts, sometimes up to 100 volts or even more than one hundred, more than two hundred. Discharge 150 times per second. People dissected the electric ray, found in its stomach intact eel, flounder and salmon, which is the electric ray discharge to the strong activity of the fish knocked out and then swallowed. Therefore, the electric ray has "undersea electric shocker" called.
In addition to the electric skate, sting rays, star rays, He's rays, Chinese group fan skate, etc. have weak power generating organs. The Juniper Starfish generator is located behind the eye and is ovoid in shape, generating up to 50 volts. There are also electric eels.
3, sharks in the vast ocean, known as the "king of the sea" sharks throughout the world's oceans, there are more than 70 species in the China Sea (the world's about 350 species). Most of the sharks are favorable and harmless to humans, only more than 30 kinds of sharks will attack humans and ships for no reason. Sharks do have a bad reputation for eating people, but not all sharks eat people.
The nostrils of sharks are located in front of the mouth on the ventral surface of the head, and some have an oro-nasal groove that connects between the nose and mouth corners, and the folds of the olfactory sacs increase the area of contact with the external environment. It has been determined that the 1-meter-long shark's olfactory membrane total area of up to 4842 square centimeters, so the shark's sense of smell is very sensitive in a few kilometers away from it can smell the smell of blood, the sea animals, once injured, often attacked by sharks and killed.
Sharks generally only eat live food, sometimes also eat carrion, food to fish-based. Some people in the weasel shark stomach found dolphins, waterfowl, turtles, crabs and a variety of fish, etc.; in the phocaenid shark stomach had taken out a very large sea lion; hammerhead shark food is fish and crabs; nurse sharks, star sharks, the bait to the small fish, shellfish, crustaceans are mainly.
Sharks in search of food, usually one or a few in the water cruising, once found the target will quickly strike to devour it. Especially in the ship or airplane crashes have a lot of food bait in the water, they gathered to, in an excited frenzy state of the sharks almost to eat everything encountered, and even kill each other for food.
Sharks belong to the cartilaginous fish, there is no swim bladder, regulating the sinking and floating mainly rely on its very large liver. For example, in the southern hemisphere found a 3.5-meter-long great white shark, its liver weight of 30 kilograms. Scientists have shown that the shark's liver relies on the increase or decrease of diacylglycerol ether, which is much lighter than general triglycerides, to regulate buoyancy.
Though sharks are fierce and repulsive, their whole body is a treasure and they are economically important fish. Shark liver is particularly large, rich in vitamins A, D, is an important raw material for the production of cod liver oil; shark skin can be made of leather, its fins that is a delicacy of the sea - shark fins. Sharks can also be used for medicinal purposes. According to scientists found that sharks rarely suffer from cancer, even if the most terrible cancer cells transplanted into the shark body, the shark is still safe and sound. Because its cells will secrete a substance, this substance can not only inhibit cancerous substances, but also can make the cancerous substances reversed.
ArthropodsArthropods are the largest phylum of animals, accounting for about 85 percent of the more than 1 million known species. The phylum's body is divided into head, thorax, abdomen three parts, appendage section, so the name arthropods. In the China Sea **** record 4,362 species of arthropods, accounting for about 1/5 of all marine species in the China Sea.
1, horseshoe crabs horseshoe crabs look like shrimps and crabs, people call "horseshoe crabs" is a class of trilobites (only fossil) as old as the animal.
Horseshoe crab ancestors appeared in the geological history of the Paleozoic Devonian, when the dinosaurs have not yet risen, the original fish just came out, with the passage of time, and its contemporaries or evolution, or extinction, but only horseshoe crabs from more than 400 million years ago to date, still retains its primitive and ancient appearance, so horseshoe crabs have a "living fossil! "
Every time you are in the world, you will be able to find a new way of life.
Whenever the horseshoe crab breeding season in spring and summer, once the male and female are married, they will be inseparable, and the fat female horseshoe crabs often carry their thin husbands to waddle. If you catch a horseshoe crab at this time, it will be a pair of horseshoe crabs, so the horseshoe crabs enjoy the name of "undersea mandarin ducks".
The horseshoe crab has four eyes. The front of the cephalothorax has two small eyes of 0.5 millimeters, which are most sensitive to ultraviolet light, suggesting that these eyes are only used to perceive brightness. On both sides of the cephalothorax there is a pair of large compound eyes, each eye is composed of several small eyes. It has been discovered that the compound eyes of the horseshoe crab have a phenomenon of lateral inhibition, that is, they can make the image of an object clearer, and this principle has been applied to television and radar systems to improve the clarity of television imaging and the sensitivity of radar displays. For this reason, this hundreds of millions of years of obscurity of the ancient animal jumped to become a modern bionics in an attention-getting "star".
Horseshoe crabs contain copper ions in their blood, which is blue in color. This blue blood extract, the "horseshoe crab reagent", can accurately and quickly detect whether the internal tissues of the human body are diseased due to bacterial infection; in the pharmaceutical and food industries, it can be used to monitor toxin contamination.
In addition, horseshoe crab meat and eggs are edible.
2, shrimp and crab in the intertidal zone at the sea can often catch a head and chest armor resembles the Peking Opera Guan Gong face of the crab, called Guan Gong crab. Guan Gong crab often foot grabbing stones or leaves, to cover their bodies in order to disguise themselves cleverly and avoid enemies.
The spider crab is ugly, so why does it wear a few colorful flowers on its head and chest armor or on its large chelae? No, that's not a flower, that's a sea anemone, commonly known as a "sea daisy". Spider crabs rely on the tentacles of the poisonous anemone to protect themselves from enemies, but also to beautify their ugly body.
There is a sponge animal often attached to the hermit crab's shell sponge grows all over the shell, leaving only the mouth of the shell for the hermit crab to freely enter and exit the hermit crab rely on the sponge secretion of the odor to defend themselves.
Dorsal and abdominal flattening, the whole body armor wearing shrimp mayflies, colorful, very good-looking, with a pair of large chelae resembling a mantis, commonly known as "mantis shrimp". See late at night in the quiet seabed to observe the movement, waiting for an opportunity to hunt for shrimp mayflies, will remind people of the quiet hillock, only to leap up the lion and tiger. Shrimp mayflies usually like to live in the sandy shallow seabed, often only exposed head used to observe the enemy once the prey close to stretch out the pincers, quickly strike, only to hear the "click" can be prey in two, showing the shrimp mayflies ferocious, brutal outlook.
It is not only good at "force capture" and know how to "wisdom", it is often their own cave into a hidden place, and even go to great lengths to move from afar to the sand, stone in their own living next to the sand cave to build a few roundabout channel, once the bottom of the sea! The animal intrudes as if it were trapped in a maze, and throws itself into the net.
The frog-shaped crab, which looks like a frog, often buries itself in the sand and mud, revealing only two eyes to observe the movement and search for food.
Shrimp and crab are another family of arthropods, belonging to the decapod order of Crustacea. These animals have a very close relationship with humans, some of which are the main aquaculture or fishing objects, including especially shrimp, lobster and crabs, etc., in China's marine fisheries catch in the production of considerable, especially shrimp, prawns, pike crabs, etc., nutrient-rich, high value, the status of the more important. China's shrimp and crab species are very many, through a large number of surveys and research, has found about 1,000 kinds of species, of which more than 400 kinds of shrimp, more than 600 kinds of crabs.
Shrimp is an important shrimp along the coast of China, because it is mainly produced in the Yellow Sea, Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, Bohai Sea seafood specialties, so it is regarded as "the Yellow Sea, Bohai Sea treasures. Living in China's South China Sea spotted prawns, large individuals a 0.5 kilograms. Body length of 40 cm or so lobster, individual usually weigh 1 kg ~ 1.5 kg, up to 3 kg ~ 4 kg, the largest up to 5 kg is called "king of shrimp.
Living in our country's marine crab species is also particularly large, there are meat fine taste beautiful pike crabs, walking as flying sand crab, there can be on the tree coconut crab, and back armor grooves like Guan Gong face of Guan Gong crab and so on. However, the king of crabs is the high-footed crab that lives in the Sea of Japan and the Bering Sea. The body of the crab has more than 30 centimeters long, a leg is about 1.5 meters, both sides of the leg straight almost 4 meters, weighing about 7 kilograms is the world's largest crab.
People only know shrimp, crab meat flavor delicious, and its crustaceans but abandoned, which is a great waste. To know, from the shrimp, crab shells can extract many useful things. For example, with shrimp, crab shells can be made of very good textile pulp, this with "shrimp and crab cover" made of pulp, color, not easy to be washed out, and low cost, can save a lot of flour. In addition, can also be rich in chitin from the shells of a wide range of uses in the extraction of chitinamine, chitinamine adsorption, is a water purification of a sedimentation suction agent. Chitinamine can also be made into medical surgical sutures, this suture is not infected, can be absorbed by the body without the need to remove the thread and other advantages.
Mollusks in the underwater world, there is a kind of will give their own "house" animals, they can from their own body secretion of lime, as a building material to build "house", used as their own shelter, these animals is the Shellfish. They are classified as mollusks because of their soft bodies. The "houses" they build are colorful shells. The phylum Mollusca is very diverse and is the second largest in the animal kingdom after Arthropoda. ***It is divided into seven phyla, namely, Plateless, Plateless, Plateless, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Digitata, and Cephalopoda. With the exception of Aplacophora and Monoplacophora, the species of the other five orders are distributed in the China Sea. There are 2,557 species of mollusks recorded in the China Sea, accounting for more than 1/8 of all marine species in China's waters.
1, stone turtle stone turtle belongs to the original type of shellfish in the class of multi-plate, their color and rock-like, shape is a bit like the land tide worm. Other shellfish have either one or two shells outside the body, but in the back of the body of the stone turtle, but the growth of the imbricate arrangement, formed by eight limestone shells of a group of shells. Around these shells, the surface of the coat membrane is also covered with many small scales, small pinnae, horny hairs, and so on. As a result, its back is like a fully armored warrior, and it is difficult for other animals to violate it.
There are many species of rock turtles, and they are found in oceans all over the world, usually living on rocky shores with normal salinity or at the bottom of oceans with high salinity.
The body of the stone turtle is usually very small, and the length of the body of the common species in China is about 2 to 3 centimeters. Because the stone turtle is a primitive type of shellfish, it is of some significance in scientific research.
2, _ razor clam in the coastal mud flats, living a bivalve, called "_ razor clam". It likes to live near estuaries with freshwater inflow and is a common mollusk along the coast of China.
_Razor clam meat is delicious and cheap, so it is a popular seafood. It is cultured by artificial methods along the coast of China, especially in Zhejiang and Fujian provinces. Because it lives on soft mud flats, the two shells of _razor clams are thin and brittle. The shells are nearly rectangular in shape, and a thin, light-green skin often grows on the surface.
The _razor clam_ has two well-developed water pipes, by which it keeps in touch with the sea water on the beach, sucking in food and fresh sea water from the inlet pipe, and discharging waste and sewage from the drain pipe. _Razor clams live by digging holes in soft mud flats, and the depth of lurking varies with the seasons: in warm summers, the lurking is shallower; in cold winters, the lurking is deeper. Normally, the depth of lurking is about 5 to 6 times the length of the body, and the deepest can reach 40 centimeters, which is about 10 times the length of the body. If we see two small holes not far from each other on the beach, with a long hook to touch a little seawater can be sprayed out, then the bottom of the razor clam must have _. These two holes are where the two water pipes of the razor clam stick out. The size of the razor clam can be deduced from the distance between the two small holes, and its body length is about 2.5 to 3 times the distance between the two holes.
3, sea hare there is a kind of seafood called sea powder, it is not only anti-inflammatory medicine to reduce fever, but also contains a wealth of nutrients, is China's southeastern coast of the people loved by the popular food. What is sea powder? It turns out that it is a kind of shellfish spawned eggs, this shellfish is the sea hare.
From the outside, the sea hare's body shape does look like a rabbit, so it gets this name. The sea hare's head has two pairs of tentacles, the front pair is shorter and is an organ specialized in touch; the back pair is longer and is an organ specialized in smell. In the sea hare crawling, the back of the pair of tentacles forward and sides; in rest, it is straight upward stretch, just like the rabbit's two ears.
The sea hare's foot is well developed, with its posterior lateral portion extending dorsally to form a lateral foot encompassing the visceral sac. It uses its well-developed feet to hover and crawl on the beach or under the surface of the water, and sometimes it can use the movement of its lateral feet to do very short swims.
The sea hare has a very undeveloped shell, which is a thin, transparent shell with a single layer of cuticle and no spiral. This shell is completely covered by the coat membrane and is not visible from the outside.
The sea hare is a shellfish that lives in shallow waters, preferring to live in bays where the water is clear and the currents are smooth, and where seaweed is most abundant near the low tide line. They feed on a variety of seaweed, body color and pattern is very similar to the seaweed in the habitat, so that it can be well hidden, so that the enemy can not be found. In particular, the sea hare is well adapted to the colors of its surroundings. When it eats a certain kind of seaweed soon after, it can quickly change to the color of that seaweed. For example, there is a kind of sea hare that feeds on red algae when it is small and has a rose-red body color; when it is large, its body color changes to brown when it feeds on kelp, and to brownish-green when it feeds on Murraya.
CoelenteratesCoelenterates are taxonomically a lower class of postnatal animals. Spiny cells are unique to coelenterates, which are found all over the body surface and are especially abundant on the tentacles, so coelenterates are also known as cnidarians. A variety of marine coelenterates have been recorded in the China Sea, *** counting 1010 species. They belong to three orders of Coelenterata. The first one is Hydrozoa, typically represented by the jellyfish and serval hydroids, of which 456 species have been recorded in the China Sea. The second order is Mantle Jellyfish, the typical representative animal is jellyfish, and 39 species have been recorded in the China Sea. The third order is the Corallivora, typically represented by corals and sea anemones, with 515 species recorded in the China Sea.
1, jellyfish in the azure sea, inhabited by many beautiful transparent jellyfish, one of them like a parachute floating in the sea, graceful appearance makes people marvel. The sky-blue sail jellyfish has a transparent "sail" on its back, and is like a small boat bobbing in the sea with the help of the sea breeze and waves. The sea moon jellyfish has an umbrella-like bell-shaped body, floating on the surface of the sea like the moon falling into the sea, very beautiful. The monk's hat jellyfish is shaped like a monk's hat, its tentacles are very long, covered with countless small stinging cells, the venom of the stinging cells is similar to that of a cobra.
There is also the highly toxic cuban jellyfish, also known as the "sea wasp". If you see one of these jellyfish in the ocean, don't touch it, or you'll be stung by its venomous stinging cells, or even killed.
2, anemone chrysanthemums on land, open in the fall, but in the vast ocean, but there is a year-round blooming undefeated "sea chrysanthemums", it is the anemone.
Anemone form, there are thousands of species, generally cylindrical, colorful body, the base attached to the rocks, shells, gravel or seabed. The anemone's upper end is a round disk, surrounded by a few to thousands of chrysanthemum-like tentacles, which sway with the waves in the water, one by one, like a flower.
Living in the reef anemone, ants have sky blue, yellow tentacles, composed of brightly colored "flower bush", swimming fish and shrimp scramble to play in the "flower bush" in the middle of the tentacles, once its tentacles in the prickly cells stabbed, it will be paralyzed, and finally by the tentacles into the mouth of its meal. Once stabbed by the stinging cells in their tentacles, they are paralyzed and finally swept into their mouths by the tentacles and become their meal. Only the brightly colored clownfish can live with it ****, mutually beneficial. Some biologists believe that the sea anemone's life expectancy of up to 300 years, so the "sea chrysanthemums" can be opened for 300 years without giving up, which is the land chrysanthemums can not be compared.
3, coral coral polyps live in the warm ocean, crowded solid on the reef.
Newborn coral on the dead coral skeleton growth, some generated dendritic, delicate and flexible branches. The shape of the coral is beautiful and colorful: there are like antlers of antler coral; there is like a trumpet tube coral; there are like mushrooms of the coral and so on, it is a variety of coral. The color is orange, pink, light green, purple, blue, white? Colorful. From the number of coral tentacles to points, can be divided into two categories - eight put coral and six put coral. Coral tentacles are very small, are long in the mouth next to the "stomach" (cavity) is separated into a number of small rooms (digestive cavity), seawater flows through, the food into the digestive cavity to absorb. Live coral polyps have the ability to absorb calcium to make bones.
When the living coral polyps die, new ones grow, and over time, the limestone skeletons of the dead polyps form coral reefs and islands.
Invertebrates marine invertebrates species, the number of the most numerous, accounting for the vast majority of marine animals. The main phyla are: protozoa, sponges, coelenterates, flatworms, nematodes, linear animals, annelids, mollusks, arthropods, brachiopods, hairy jawed animals, bearded wrasses, echinoderms, and hemisoma, and so on. Among them, brachiopods, gross jawed animals, bearded wrasses, echinoderms and hemichordates are endemic to the oceans.
1, the sea urchin sea urchin is another member of the echinoderm family, it grew a round limestone shell, armed with hard spines. To live on the seabed of the "residents", it is inviolable, there is no reckless guy dare to touch it. In the south of China, most of the sea urchins in the late spring and early summer to start fishing; Dalian purple sea urchins in the north is collected in the summer and fall. At this time the sea urchin is covered with a cavity of orange-colored eggs, which are arranged like a pentagram in the hard shell. The eggs of sea urchins are a delicacy of special flavor, and the egg pieces of light echinococcus sea urchins and purple sea urchins are valuable sea treasures. In China's northern coast of Shandong Peninsula, such as Longkou, Penglai, Weihai, Changdao and other places with sea urchin eggs made of "sea urchin sauce" marketed at home and abroad.
However, not all sea urchins are edible, and a number of species are poisonous. These sea urchins look much prettier than the non-toxic ones. For example, the ring-spined sea urchin, which grows among coral reefs in the South China Sea, has black and white stripes on its thick spines and thin yellow spines. The young ring spiny sea urchin has white and green colored bands on its spines, shining, and a barb grows at the tip of the fine spines, which once pierced into the skin, the poisonous juice is injected into the human body, and the fine spines break off in the flesh, making the skin locally red, swollen and painful, and in some cases, even showing symptoms of poisoning such as rapid heartbeat and generalized spasms.
2, sea cucumber in the seabed of the seaweed, living in a kind of cucumber like animals, they are wearing a brown or pale green coat, the body has a lot of prominent thorns, which is the sea of the "ginseng" ---- sea cucumber. Sea cucumber is a valuable sea delicacy among echinoderms. There are more than 20 kinds of edible sea cucumbers in the China Sea, and some of them are expensive, such as the prickly ginseng, plum blossom ginseng, and the black wrinkled spoke anal ginseng.
On the coasts of Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula in China, there is a kind of sea cucumber with large and small conical thorns on the back of its body, called the ginseng, on the bottom of the rocky reefs or fine sandy sea in the bay where the sea water is stable and quiet at a depth of 3 meters to 15 meters. Spiny ginseng is one of the most valuable sea cucumbers. It is very afraid of heat, whenever summer comes, the sea
When the water temperature rises, it will climb to the deep water, crouch near the reef, do not eat and do not move, began the "summer sleep", has been sleeping to the mid-autumn season before the start of the activities, this sleep sleep to sleep for more than three months! When it is high and cool in autumn, when the water temperature cools down, the ginseng will crawl to the shallow water, and use the branch-like tentacles to grab the mud and sand containing rich organic substances, and devour it. The organic matter caught in the sediment is digested and absorbed, and the indigestible sediment is discharged from the body. It is the sea cucumber's feces that gives clues to those who dive to catch them.
Sea cucumber is not only a delicacy on the table, but also a nutritious tonic, which has good effects on strengthening the body, preventing diseases, inhibiting tumors and prolonging life.