Women are a vulnerable group, and if they are not careful, they will be attacked by some germs, which will lead to various gynecological diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to understand gynecological knowledge. The following are pictures of gynecological knowledge.

Gynecological knowledge with a small science map 1 brown sugar water for dysmenorrhea.

Dysmenorrhea can be divided into primary and secondary.

Primary dysmenorrhea, more common in young women, has no pathological changes, just simple pain. To relieve primary dysmenorrhea, it is recommended to take painkillers and short-acting contraceptives.

No matter what kind of dysmenorrhea, brown sugar water doesn't work.

Don't mess with the lotion of private parts.

The particularity of vaginal physiological function, it has self-cleaning function, but frequent cleaning will affect the self-cleaning function of vagina, destroy the balance and cause inflammation.

In the absence of disease, don't use any lotion for private parts. As long as you scrub the vulva with clear water every night, keep it dry, and clean the vulva before and after sex is enough.

There are not so many "irregular menstruation"

The menstrual cycle is normal in the range of 2 1 ~ 35 days, and the menstrual duration is normal in the range of 2 ~ 8 days.

If menstruation is really irregular, there are many reasons. It is not recommended to take medicine or health care products at will as soon as it is discovered.

Cervical erosion is not a disease.

A misinformation caused by a bad name can really affect for a long time.

In fact, cervical erosion is the outward growth of cells in the cervix. Although it looks "rotten", it is essentially a normal physiological phenomenon.

Cervical cancer screening should be done at 2 1 year.

The incidence of cervical cancer in female tumors is second only to breast cancer, so it is suggested to start screening from 2 1 year.

2 1 ~ 29 years old: it is recommended to have TCT examination every 3 years (ie, exfoliative cytology examination);

30 ~ 65 years old: It is suggested to have a joint examination of TCT and human papillomavirus every 5 years, or continue to have a separate examination of TCT every 3 years;

Picture 2 1. Because there are many leucorrhea, there is a fishy smell after sharing the same room. When I went to the hospital for examination, the doctor said that I had' bacterial vaginosis'. What kind of disease is this?

Bacterial vaginosis is a mixed infection caused by imbalance of normal flora in vagina.

10%~40% patients have no conscious symptoms, but those who have symptoms have increased leucorrhea and fishy smell, especially after sexual life, and may have mild vulvar itching. The course of treatment takes 7~ 10 days, and maintaining the balance of vaginal flora is the key to prevent recurrence.

2. A week or so after each official holiday is clean, there will be a lot of leucorrhea, such as long nose, and sometimes it will stick to underwear in groups. Every time leucorrhea appears for a day or two, it disappears. It doesn't itch or stink. Is it a big problem?

Let me analyze it for you like this.

The increase of leucorrhea in the middle of menstrual cycle is a normal physiological phenomenon. The level of estrogen in women has obvious periodic changes, and the characteristics and secretion of mucus secreted by cervical gland cells have also changed.

When menstruation is just clean, the estrogen level is very low, and the amount of mucus secreted by the cervical canal is very small; Subsequently, the estrogen level increased continuously, reaching the peak at ovulation, and the mucus secretion increased obviously, and it was thin, transparent and wiredrawn. After ovulation, under the influence of progesterone, mucus secretion began to decrease gradually. ...

3. It turns out that after pregnancy, women maintain a high level of estrogen and progesterone in their bodies, vulva tissues become soft and moist, vaginal epithelium thickens, blood vessels are congested, exudate and exfoliated cells increase, cervical hypertrophy, soft and congested, and glands secrete vigorously, all of which will lead to an increase in leucorrhea.

At this time, leucorrhea is often white and mushy, without peculiar smell and itching; If you have vulvar itching and a special smell, you should go to the hospital.

"Normal leucorrhea is white, thin, pasty or proteinaceous."

If there is inflammation, especially vaginitis, cervicitis or canceration, the color of leucorrhea will change accordingly.

When it comes to wet weather, the secretion will turn yellow and itch. I can bear it during the day, but I feel very uncomfortable at night [tears streaming down my face]

This is probably vulvovaginal candidiasis (vulvovaginal candidiasis). Candida is a conditional pathogen, which can be parasitic in vagina, mouth or intestine, and will cause infection when the body's resistance decreases.

Pregnancy, diabetes, heavy use of immunosuppressants, long-term use of antibiotics or contraceptives, wearing tight chemical fiber pants, obesity and humid weather may all be the causes of the disease.

Figure 3: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is the name of modern medicine, which refers to uterine bleeding caused by ovarian dysfunction, referred to as "dysfunctional uterine bleeding".

Menstruation: Generally, the first menstruation occurs around 12 years old, and there is also a phenomenon of uterine bleeding without ovulation in clinic, which is called anovulatory menstruation.

Hydatidiform mole: A cystic mass. After pregnancy, the trophoblast of placental villi proliferates abnormally, turning the terminal villi into blisters, and the connections between blisters are like grape clusters.

Cervicitis: What is cervicitis? Cervicitis is a common disease of women of childbearing age, which can be divided into acute and chronic, and chronic cervicitis is more common in clinic.

Vaginitis: Vaginitis is a common disease in gynecological clinics. Clinically, the main manifestations are the change of leucorrhea, pruritus and burning pain of vulva, and sexual pain is also very common.

Urethritis: Urethritis is a common disease, which is more common in women. It can be divided into acute and chronic, nonspecific urethritis and gonococcal urethritis.

Pelvic inflammatory disease: Inflammation of female internal genitalia (such as uterus, fallopian tube, ovary, pelvic peritoneum) and its surrounding connective tissue and pelvic peritoneum is called pelvic inflammatory disease.

Appendicitis: refers to inflammation of fallopian tubes and ovaries. However, salpingitis and oophoritis are often accompanied by periuterine connective tissue inflammation and pelvic peritonitis, so it is difficult to distinguish them when diagnosing.

Uterine prolapse: the supporting tissue of the uterus is damaged weakly, which makes the uterus descend along the vagina, and the external opening of the cervix drops below the level of the ischial spine, and the uterus is completely out of the vaginal opening.

Ovarian diseases: Normal women's ovarian function begins to decline at the age of 45-50. If there are signs of decline before the age of 40, it is medically called premature ovarian failure.

Vaginal spasm: Before or during sexual intercourse, the vagina and pelvic floor surround the muscles around the vagina13, and involuntarily contract violently and continuously.

Cervical erosion is the most common disease among women. It is mostly transformed from acute and chronic cervicitis, and it is more common in married and frail women.

Endometritis: It is inflammation of the endometrium. It can be divided into acute endometritis and chronic endometritis according to the length of the disease course.

Tubal disease: it is a curved tube for transporting eggs, carrying out gamete transport, fertilization, nutrition and embryo development, and connecting with both sides of uterus.

Benign breast tumor: palpable nodules, lumps with pain, or intangible lesions such as breast pain and excessive milk secretion.

Climacteric syndrome: it is a series of symptoms caused by the decrease of estrogen level. The incidence is directly related to personal experience and psychological burden.

Endometriosis: Under normal circumstances, the endometrium covers the surface of the uterine cavity, if for some reason, the endometrium grows in other parts of the body.