(1)① Economic information: The chart reflects the CPI trend in China from September to October, 2008: the CPI trend from June to June, 2008 10, and the growth rate from July to September, -20 10/0 exceeded the international warning line, so there is inflation risk; In 2009, the trend of CPI was lower than the international warning line, and there was deflation risk. Other months are within the warning line. ② There are many factors that cause the change of CPI. First, value determines price. The rising costs of agricultural products and labor pushed up domestic prices in 2008 and 20 10. Secondly, it is influenced by the relationship between supply and demand. In 2009, the growth rate slowed down, external demand was blocked, overcapacity, oversupply and prices fell. In 2008 and 20 10, affected by epidemic situation, climate, disasters and other factors, the output decreased, the demand increased, the demand exceeded the supply, and the price rose. In addition, national policies, artificial speculation and international factors also affect price fluctuations.

(2)① China's macroeconomic policies are adjusted according to the economic situation, which reflects that everything should proceed from reality and adhere to specific analysis of specific issues. ② Development is universal, the economic situation at home and abroad is constantly changing, and China's macro-control policies are also constantly changing. ③ China's macro-control is based on following the law of value, which embodies the combination of giving full play to subjective initiative and respecting objective laws. Contradictions are widespread, which requires us to recognize and solve contradictions and face up to the problems existing in economic development. The government uses various means to regulate and control and promote the stable and healthy operation of the economy.