Butterflies and humans are both members of the animal kingdom and evolved from the lowest single-celled protozoa. Butterflies appeared 25 million years ago, and human history is only 3 million years. Butterflies belong to Arthropoda, Insecta, Lepidoptera, Hammer Angle suborder.

2. The difference between butterflies and moths

Butterflies and moths belong to Lepidoptera, and there are about 6.5438+0.7 million species in the world. Moths belong to Heteroptera and butterflies belong to Hymenoptera.

Distinguish butterfly moth

The antenna expands at the top and tapers at the hammer or rod, showing a linear or feathery shape.

The wings are relatively wide and mostly narrow.

The abdomen is thinner, fatter and shorter.

There is no connector connection between the front and rear wings, and there is a connector "wing rein".

At rest, the four wings are upright, and the four wings on the back are flat or roof-shaped.

The activity time is mostly in the evening on white days.

Although the butterfly is small, it has all the organs.

Butterfly's body is divided into three parts: head, chest and abdomen. The head has a pair of antennae, a pair of compound eyes and a mouth. There are three pairs of feet and two pairs of wings in the chest; There are midgut, crop, abdominal ganglion, rectum and anus in the abdomen.

4. The life of a butterfly

"Butterfly, you used to be a maggot", which is a famous saying of the Greek philosopher. In other words, even heroes or beautiful women have their naughty childhood. Butterfly's life goes through four stages: egg-larva-pupa-adult, before it can complete its transformation.

Egg: It is spherical or semi-circular, oval or flat. An egg is a kind of cell, which develops into an insect after complicated embryonic development, bites through the eggshell and hatches out.

Larvae: It is a caterpillar-like herbivore, generally like a silkworm. It is the feeding growth period of butterflies. In the process of feeding and growing, larvae often shed their old skins, re-form new wheat skins, peel and age them, usually 4-5 years old, and finally peel and pupate.

Pupa: Pupa is like a baby in infancy and has the appearance of adult hair. When the larvae are mature, stop feeding and choose a suitable place to pupate. The pupation methods vary from species to species. For example, butterflies and silkworms often turn into pupae in cocoons made of dead leaves and fine stones, which is called silkworm pupae; Papilio and Papilio will stick their two ends on the plant, and then wrap a silk around their waist to make the pupa stand upright or tilt, which is called pupa; Butterflies and butterflies often hang their bodies upside down with hip spines and silk mats, which is called hanging pupae. Although the pupa can't eat or move, the inside of the body has been completely improved, transforming the larval organs into adult organs. After transformation, it peels off and becomes an adult.

Adult: Adult is the most stage of butterfly development. The newly emerged butterfly has soft wings. After a period of time, the wing membrane and scales dried, that is, they spread their wings and flew into the sky, and began a colorful life. Soon, it will mate and lay eggs for the next life cycle.

5. Butterflies, enemies? Friends?

Is the relationship between butterflies and humans harmful or beneficial?

1. Butterfly is a pest in larval stage because it eats plants; It is a beneficial insect in adulthood because it transmits pollen to plants by flight.

2. In fact, there are not many kinds of material damage to human beings, such as rice butterfly, rice eyebrow butterfly, cabbage butterfly, butterfly jade and butterfly orange butterfly, camphor butterfly and butterfly.

Butterflies are mostly beneficial, such as spreading pollen for plants, maintaining ecological balance and beautifying nature. If there were no butterflies and bees on the earth, there would be no gorgeous flowers and the earth would be eclipsed. In addition, there are gray butterflies that feed on aphids, and there are other kinds that can be used as medicine or food ... the wonderful wings of intransitive verbs butterflies.

Butterflies and moths have one thing that other insects don't have-the scales on their wings, and thousands of tiny scales are exquisitely arranged on their wings, giving them color. The color symbol information of wings helps to scare enemies or attract spouses. When in danger, wings will emit bright colors to scare predators. The sources of butterfly wing color are: ① Pigment color is also called chemical color; ② Structural science is also called physics.

Seven. The application of butterfly color

Butterflies are colorful and have long been appreciated by people, and are widely used as the subject of painting and embroidery. Modern artists notice that the natural harmony of colors is very harmonious, so they use spectral analysis to find out the law of color contrast as a reference for textile and garment design. Using the flash principle of butterfly scales, we can make shiny clothes.

There are also Chinese paintings or Chinese paintings made of broken butterfly wings, which use their different colors or patterns to become fine products in butterfly technology.

Eight. Defense skills of butterflies

Butterflies will be attacked by predatory natural enemies such as swallows, sparrows, spiders, mantis, frogs and dragonflies in their lifetime. In addition, there are parasitic natural enemies, such as parasitic flies, parasitic bees and parasitic bacteria. In order to avoid predatory natural enemies, the larvae or adults of butterflies have protective colors or mimicry, imitating the branches, leaves or other poisonous butterflies of plants. A famous example of imitation is the dead leaf butterfly. When it is resting, the reverse side of its wing is like a dead leaf. The tip, petiole and veins of this dead leaf are clearly visible and difficult to find. There are snake eye marks or special smelly horns to intimidate the enemy. There are also some gray butterfly larvae that have a "* * * habitat relationship" with aphids and ants. Ants lick the secretions of butterfly larvae and are responsible for protecting them, expelling parasitic bees and moving butterfly larvae into ant nests in winter to protect them.

9. The Legend of Butterfly

1. The Story of Butterfly in Zhouzhuang 2. The story of becoming a butterfly 3. The story of Liang Zhu 4. Butterfly Club in butterfly spring 5. The dust edge of butterfly goddess 6. Tang Huangming released Butterfly 7. Mu Zong net butterfly 8. The punishment for releasing butterflies.

The butterfly in the picture

The earliest record of butterfly painting is Chengzhai Magazine: "Wang Teng is a good butterfly painter". The Song Dynasty picture books are well preserved in the Forbidden City in Beijing. Among them, there are four pairs of butterflies, among which Butterfly in Spring is the most famous, and the other three pairs are Giant Butterfly in the Breeze, Butterfly in Chrysanthemum and Butterfly in Begonia. Modern works such as Qi Baishi and Huang are mostly freehand brushwork, but they are very vivid.

XI。 The earliest butterfly stamps in the world were issued in Shayue1950 65438+1October 3. The stamp is red-necked butterfly (green butterfly).