On the green leaves, water vapor like fog is discharged from time to time. This phenomenon that gaseous water evaporates into the atmosphere is called transpiration of leaves. Plant formation 1 kg dry matter requires transpiration of about 300-400 kg water. Transpiration of plant leaves increases the humidity in the air, causing cloudy and foggy weather, increasing rainfall, changing the microclimate of the environment and preventing the occurrence of drought. Transpiration of green plants can spit fog, sow rain and reduce drought.
Scientists have found that the leaves of many plants can secrete fungicides, including pine, cypress, oak, eucalyptus and fir. According to the measurement, 1 ha pine forest can secrete about 5 kilograms of volatile fungicides into the air every day and night. The secretion of cypress trees is 30 kilograms stronger, and they can kill many kinds of germs such as diphtheria, pneumolarynx, dysentery and so on. Therefore, the air in the coniferous forest is particularly clean and fresh.
With the development of industry and agriculture, a large number of harmful gases, such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen fluoride, are discharged in the production process. These harmful gases can be absorbed by the leaves of some plants. For example, the leaves of oleander can absorb 0.069 grams of sulfur every day in polluted areas. Paulownia, Indus, Boxwood, etc. have a strong ability to absorb hydrogen fluoride and chlorine. The leaves of these plants are purifiers of natural air.
(2) To prevent and control noise, we have to ask the green leaves for help. According to the measurement, a 40-meter-wide forest belt can reduce the noise by 10- 15 decibels, a 30-meter-wide forest belt can reduce the noise by 6-8 decibels, and the effect of patches of trees in urban parks is even greater, which can reduce the noise by 26-43 decibels. Green streets with lush foliage can reduce noise by 8- 10 decibels.
(3) It can be used as beverage, feed and processed into medicinal materials.
(4) Testing air pollution: Air pollution can be generally divided into three categories: physical pollutants, biological pollutants and chemical pollutants, so there are corresponding physical air pollution, biological air pollution and chemical air pollution.
Dust is the main physical air pollutant. Green plants all have the function of dust retention, but the amount of dust retention is related to tree species, forest belt width, planting conditions and meteorological conditions.
Plants can reduce biological air pollution. Toxic chemicals in the atmospheric environment are chemical air pollution. Plants can not only monitor the chemical pollution of the atmosphere, but more importantly, they can absorb compounds or toxic chemicals in the atmosphere. Plants can purify chemical air pollutants in many ways, and the main process of purifying chemical air pollution by plants is retention and removal. The retention process involves plant interception, adsorption and retention, and the removal process includes plant absorption, degradation, transformation and assimilation. Some plants have the function of hyperassimilation, while others have the mechanism of multi-process. The adsorption and absorption of pollutants by plants mainly occur on the surface of aboveground parts and stomata of leaves. To a great extent, adsorption is a physical process, which is related to the structure of plant surface. Such as leaf shape, roughness, leaf landing angle and surface secretions. It has been proved that lipophilic organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), can be adsorbed on the surface of plants, and the adsorption efficiency depends on the octanol-water partition coefficient of pollutants. Plants can adsorb a variety of chemicals in the atmosphere, including CO2, SO2, CL2, HF, heavy metals (PB) and so on. Plants absorb pollutants in the atmosphere mainly through stomata, and transport and distribute them through plant vascular system. For soluble pollutants, including SO2, CL2 and HF, as the solubility of these pollutants in water increases, the absorption rate of plants will also increase accordingly. Wet plant surfaces can significantly increase the absorption of water-soluble pollutants. Light conditions can significantly affect the physiological activities of plants, especially control the opening and closing of stomata in leaves, which has a great influence on the absorption of pollutants by plants. The physical and chemical properties of organic pollutants, including relative molecular weight, solubility, vapor pressure and octanol-water partition coefficient, directly affect the absorption of plants. Climatic conditions are also the key factors affecting the absorption of pollutants by plants. Plants have strong absorption capacity in spring and autumn, and different plants have great differences in their absorption capacity for different pollutants.
(5) Bionic utilization in architecture.
(6) Forecast weather and earthquake: The dripping Guanyin flower will drip before it rains. This is the weather forecast. In an earthquake, leaves will fall abnormally, which is to predict an earthquake.
(7) Used as writing paper and process material.
(8) provide food and energy for mankind.