Table of Contents 1 Pinyin 2 English Reference 3 General 4 Latin Name 5 English Name 6 Alias of Baihe 7 Source and Origin 8 Taste and Meridian 9 Functions and Indications 10 Notes on Use 11 Chemical Composition 12 Pharmacological Actions of Baihe 13 Pharmacopoeial Standard of Baihe 13.1 Name 13.2 Source 13.3 Characteristics 13.4 Identification 13.5 Inspection 13.5.1 Moisture 13.5.2 Total Ash 13.5.3 Sulfur Dioxide Residue 13.6.1 Concoction 13.6.2 Identification and Inspection 13.6.4 Taste and Meridian Sulfur Dioxide Residue 13.6 Baihe Drinking Tablets 13.6.1 Concoction 13.6.2 Identification and Examination 13.6.3 Taste and Meridian 13.6.4 Functions and Indications 13.6.5 Methods of Use and Dosage 13.6.6 Precautions 13.6.7 Storage 13.7 Provenance 13.14 References Attachment: 1 Formulas of Baihe in Chinese Herbal Medicine 2 Proprietary Chinese Medicines in Chinese Herbal Medicine 3 Baihe in Ancient Texts 1 Phonetics

bái jí

2 English Reference

Bletilla hyacinthina Reichb. rhizoma [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]

bletillae tuber [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]

mon bletilla tuber [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]

salep [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]

salop [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]

Rhizoma Bletillae (拉) [Nomenclature Review Committee of Chinese Medicine. Chinese Medicine Nomenclature (2004)]

mon bletilla rubber [中中医药学名词审定委员会. Nomenclature of Chinese medicine (2004)]

3 Overview

Bletilla is a Chinese medicine, from "Shennong Ben Cao Jing" [1]. It is the dried tuber of Bletilla striata (Thund.) Reichb. f., family Orchidaceae [2].

The Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China*** and the State Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition) recorded the pharmacopoeial standard of this Chinese medicine.

4 Latin name

Rhizoma Bletillae (拉)（《中中醫藥學名词（2004）》）

5 English name

mon bletilla rubber（《中醫藥學名词（2004）》）

6 Alias of Baihe

白芨, 白根, 白鸡儿, 地螺丝[1].

7 Source and origin

Tubers of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f., family Orchidaceae [1]. It is mainly produced in Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Shaanxi and other places[1].

8 Taste and flavor

Bitter, sweet, astringent, cool[1]. It enters the lung and stomach meridians[1].

9 Functions and Indications

Converting the lungs to stop bleeding, subduing swelling and regenerating muscle [1].

1. Treating hemoptysis in pulmonary tuberculosis, hemorrhage in bronchial dilatation, hemorrhage in gastric and duodenal ulcer disease, epistaxis[1]. Decoction: 6-15g; powdered, 3-6g [1].

2. Treatment of carbuncle, swollen sores, traumatic bleeding, water and fire burns, cracked hands and feet [1]. Ground and mixed or freshly pounded compresses[1].

10 Notes on use

Anti aconite[1].

11 Chemical composition

The tuber contains volatile oil, mucilage and so on. The tuber contains biphenyl compounds: 3,3'dihydroxy 4 (p-hydroxyhydrazone) 5methoxy biphenyl, 3'3 dihydroxy 2 (p-hydroxyhydrazone) 5methoxy biphenyl, etc. [1]. It also contains sanguinarine III, 3'O methyl sanguinarine, etc. [1]. In addition, also contains white and glucose with mannose (Bletilla gluannan) [1].

12 Pharmacological effects

White and fine powder or decoction of the gelatinous liquid, local application has a good hemostatic effect [1]. It has a protective effect on the gastric mucosa, with anticancer and antibacterial effects [1].

13 Pharmacopoeia standard of Baiji 13.1 Name

Baiji

Baiji

BLETILLAE RHIZOMA

13.2 Source

This product is the dried tuber of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f. of Orchidaceae. Summer, autumn two seasons digging, remove the roots, wash, put in boiling water or steam until no white heart, sun to half in, remove the outer skin, sun thousand.

13.3 Properties

The product is irregular flat round, more than 2 ~ 3 claw-like branches, 1.5 ~ 5cm long, 0.5 ~ 1.5cm thick. surface gray-white or yellowish-white, there are several rings of concentric links and brown dotted fibrous root scars, above the protruding stem scars, and below the traces of connecting with another tuber. The texture is hard, not easy to break, the section is white, horny-like. It has a slight odor, bitter taste, and is sticky when chewed.

13.4 Identification

(1) The powder is yellowish white. Epidermal cell surface view pendulous peripheral wall undulate curved, slightly thickened, lignified, pore groove obvious. Calcium oxalate needle crystal bundles existed in large round-like mucous cells, or scattered everywhere, needle crystal length 18-88μm. fibers in bundles, diameter 11-30μm, wall lignification, with herringbone or elliptic perforations; containing siliceous block cells are small, located in the periphery of the fibers, arranged in longitudinal rows. Trapezoidal conduits, ciliated conduits and threaded conduits, 10-32 um in diameter; pasteurized starch granule clusters colorless.

(2) take 2g of powder, add 70% methanol 20ml, ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, filtration, filtrate evaporation, residue with 10ml of water to make dissolved, extracted with ether shaking 2 times, each time 20 ml, combined with the ether solution, volatile to 1ml, as a test solution. Another take white and control herb lg, the same method into the control herb solution. According to the thin-layer chromatography (2010 version of the Pharmacopoeia, Appendix VI B) test, absorb the test solution 5 ~ 10μl, 5μl of the control herbal solution, were spotted on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, with cyclohexane ethyl acetate a methanol (6:2.5:1) as an unfolding agent, unfolding, take out, drying, sprayed with 10% sulfuric acid ethanol fermentation solution, heated at 105 ℃ for a few minutes, placed in 30 ~ 60 minutes. The solution was heated at 105℃ for several minutes and left for 30～60 minutes. In the chromatogram of the test product, in the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control herb, the same color spots; placed in the ultraviolet light (365nm) under the examination, the same brown-red fluorescent spots.

13.5 Inspection 13.5.1 Moisture

Not more than 15.0% (2010 version of the Pharmacopoeia, Appendix IX H, the first method).

13.5.2 Total ash

not more than 5.0% (2010 version of the Pharmacopoeia, Appendix IX K).

13.5.3 Sulfur dioxide residue

Determined according to the sulfur dioxide residue determination method (2010 version of the Pharmacopoeia, Appendix IX U), shall not be more than 400mg/kg.[3]

13.6 White and drinking slices 13.6.1 Concoction

Washed, moistened, sliced thinly, sun-dried.

The product is in irregular thin slices. The outer skin is grayish white or yellowish white. The cut surface is white, keratin-like, translucent, vascular bundles dotted, scattered. The texture is brittle. Slight gas, bitter flavor, chewing viscous.

13.6.2 Identification, examination

Same as herbs.

13.6.3 Taste and attribution

Bitter, sweet, astringent, slightly cold. Attributed to lung, liver and stomach meridians.

13.6.4 Functions and Indications

Converting and stopping bleeding, subduing swelling and regenerating muscle. Used for hemoptysis, hematemesis, traumatic bleeding, sores and poisons, chapped skin.

13.6.5 Usage and dosage

6～15g; 3～6g when swallowed in powder; appropriate amount for external use.

13.6.6 Precautions

It is not suitable to be used with Chuanwu, Prepared Chuanwu, Caowu, Prepared Caowu, Radix et Rhizoma Polygoni Multiflori.

13.6.7 Storage

In a ventilated and dry place.

13.7 Provenance