Production
Honey is the main product of bees is a sweet and sticky, transparent or translucent liquid. Honey is primarily derived from nectar, followed by manna and honeydew. Nectar is the secretion of nectar glands inside the flower of plants, manna is the excretion of aphids and leafhoppers, and honeydew is the secretion of nectar glands outside the flower of plants. Bees use the tongue suction tube to suck the nectar glands of plants, sap or aphids, leafhoppers, the sweet juice secreted by the honey tube, through the mouthparts of the bees mixed with saliva and temporarily stored in the honey sac, after returning to the nest, spit out in the hive room, after repeated brewing and become.
Honey is the nectar that bees suck from the nectar plant's floral apparatus and nectar glands with the tongue straw, and then bring it back to the hive, spit the nectar into the hive from the honey capsule, and then inhale and spit it out again and again through the bees, and then the nectar mixed with the enzyme secreted by the honey capsule is stored in the hive. Under the action of the enzyme, the polysaccharide in the nectar is decomposed into glucose and fructose, and the water is reduced to about 20%, so the mature honey is basically formed, so people can use the centrifugal action of the honey shaker to obtain the finished product of the original honey, from the point of view of food science, honey is a plant-based food.
The physical properties of honey: Pure, high-quality, fresh, mature honey is a viscous, transparent or translucent gelatinous liquid with a sweet flavor and a strong aroma. The honey is sweet and has a strong aroma, while the lower quality honey often has a bitter, astringent, sour or foul odor. It is easily transformed into different degrees of crystallization at temperatures below 10°C or when left for too long. The physical properties of honey vary according to the type of honey source.
The main components of honey
Honey has endured for thousands of years, and this is due to the many unique nutrients it possesses. The main components of honey are:
(1) glucose and fructose, which can be directly absorbed by the body, about 65-80%;
(2) a variety of amino acids, including the body can not synthesize the eight essential amino acids, about 0.3%;
(3) and the proportion of the human body serum contains almost equal to the proportion of more than 20 kinds of minerals, about 0.06%;
(4) more than 20 kinds of vitamins to promote the growth and metabolism of the human body;
(4) more than 20 kinds of vitamins to promote the human body growth and metabolism of vitamins;
(5) a variety of active enzymes.
Healthcare effects of honey
Li Shizhen in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" elaborated on honey as: "clearing heat also, tonifying the middle also, detoxification also, pain relief also." Modern Chinese medicine believes that honey can mainly prevent and control:
(1) gastrointestinal diseases: constipation, duodenal ulcer, colitis, dysentery in children.
(2) neurological disorders: insomnia, headache.
(3) Infectious trauma, burns, frostbite.
(4) Beauty.
Honey and obesity
Sugar is mainly sucrose. Excessive sugar intake from food will make excess fat and the body fat. The honey composition is different from white sugar, mainly fructose and glucose also contains proteins, amino acids, vitamins, inorganic salts, organic acids and so on. Fructose and glucose are monosaccharides that can be directly absorbed by the human body and have the effect of rapid recovery and relief of fatigue. Moreover, honey in the b vitamins are more, can make the body fat into energy and release, so, although honey is sweeter than sugar but will not make people fat. As early as in the public no before the book "Shennong Ben Cao Jing" on the record of the honey "long service strong will light body, not old and prolonged years". The so-called "light body" is to lose weight.
How to take honey
(1) honey in the mouth, can treat laryngitis, on the work of the tired, after staying up all night after the fire rise has a miraculous effect.
(2) Mixed into a variety of beverages and food to take, light aroma, sweet taste, but pay attention to the temperature should not exceed 60 degrees.
(3) after drinking alcohol, including serving concentrated honey, can accelerate the decomposition of alcohol, eliminate alcohol headache, reduce alcohol damage to the liver.
(4) with honey coated lips, can prevent rotting corners of the mouth; with honey as a mask, can make the skin delicate, smooth, elastic.
(5) honey instead of sugar to burn, baked dishes, flavor, color and nutrition are good. Especially roast chicken, roast duck with jujube honey, its color golden, unique flavor, may wish to try.
(6) half an hour before the meal to take honey, can stimulate the secretion of gastric acid, therefore suffering from atrophic gastritis (lack of gastric acid), it is appropriate to take before the meal; on the other hand, after two to three hours after the meal to take honey can inhibit the secretion of gastric acid, suffering from hypertrophic gastritis (too much gastric acid), it is appropriate to take after the meal.
A variety of honey effects
(1) Hundred flowers honey picked in the bushes, the essence of the collection of flowers, the collection of flowers of the whole. It is sweet, nutritious and nourishing, and has the effect of clearing heat, tonifying, detoxifying, moisturizing and astringent, etc. It is a traditional honey variety.
(2) winter honey from the Chinese medicine tree species duck-footed wood nectar, is Lingnan unique winter honey species, so commonly known as "winter honey". The color is light amber, easy to crystallize, excellent texture, taste sweet and slightly bitter taste. In addition to the honey of heat, tonic, detoxification, moistening and other effects, there are sweating and symptomatic, the efficacy of removing wind and dampness, cold and fever, sore throat, rheumatism, arthralgia, have a better auxiliary therapeutic effect. It is a variety of honey with Chinese medicine characteristics, loved by people in Southeast Asia.
(3) Longan honey is unique to the southern honey species, with the aroma of longan. This product takes the longan benefit heart and spleen, replenish the role of qi and blood, blood and tranquility, appetizer and spleen, clearing heat and dryness, nourishing the efficacy of the middle. Especially suitable for women.
(4) Lychee honey is produced in the south, lychee is known as the "king of fruits". Litchi honey from the nectar of the litchi stamen, aromatic flavor, sweet taste, slightly with the lychee fruit sour taste. It has its special effect of promoting blood circulation, regulating qi and tonifying the middle and moisturizing the dryness, and it has the moisturizing effect of honey without the dryness and heat of litchi. It is unique to Lingnan honey species, gifts to distant friends and relatives "do not quit long as Lingnan people" of the special honey.
(5) linden honey is unique to the northeast of China. The honey color is light amber, with a strong fragrance, easy to crystallize. This product has the effect of nourishing the stomach and tonifying the deficiency, clearing heat and tonifying the middle, detoxifying and moistening the dryness, and has a certain sedative effect. More popular with Europeans, it is a rare species of forest honey.
(6) Zi Yunying honey, also known as safflower grass honey or grass honey, is the main honey species in the spring of southern China. With nature's fresh and pleasant grass scent, sweet but not greasy, fresh and clean sweet, the color is light amber. This product has the special effect of clearing away heat and toxins, dispelling wind and improving eyesight, tonifying the middle and moistening the bath, reducing swelling and diuretic. On the wind phlegm cough, sore throat, fire eye hemorrhoids, etc. has a certain auxiliary therapeutic effect, is the health care of the person who has a strong fire.
(7) acacia honey is a spring honey. Water-white transparent, thick texture, not easy to crystallize; with a light fragrance of acacia flowers, sweet and fresh, fragrant and palatable. This product has the effect of removing dampness and diuretic of acacia flower, cooling blood and stopping bleeding, maintaining normal resistance of capillaries, lowering blood pressure and preventing stroke, and also has the effect of clearing away heat and replenishing the middle, detoxifying and moistening dryness. For honey in the top grade, more suitable for cardiovascular patients health care consumption.
(8) Osmanthus honey is a rare type of honey, which is extracted from the wild osmanthus nectar that blooms in winter in the old forests of deep mountains. The aroma is rich and warm, pure and elegant, the taste is fresh and clean, sweet but not greasy, the color is water-white and transparent, and the crystallization is delicate. It is known as "the king of honey". Eurycoma osmanthus is also a rare Chinese medicine, "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine" records: Eurycoma osmanthus "to dispel wind and dampness, treatment of joint pain ......" and its active ingredient chrysanthemum glycoside has been proved to have good nutritional health effects. Cinnamon honey at the same time there is a heat tonic, detoxification and dryness, etc., loved by people at home and abroad, in ancient times is the tribute of the palace.
(9) Huanglian honey is extracted from the nectar of Huanglian in China's herbal medicine nature reserve, which inherits the medicinal properties of Huanglian and the characteristics of honey, not only has the health care and nutritional value of natural honey, especially with the medical effects of this valuable Chinese medicine. Huanglian honey is yellowish in color, with special fragrance; it is slightly bitter in sweetness, sweet but not greasy, which can be said that good medicine is not bitter, but still has therapeutic effect. This product is characterized by clearing away heat and dampness, laxative and detoxification, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, sedative, cooling, de-flaming effect. Especially suitable for the usual too much alcohol and tobacco, heart fire, moody people's dietary health care consumption.
(10) five times the honey Chinese medicine honey. From the astringent antidiarrheal five times the nectar, slightly darker color, sweet taste, slightly Chinese medicine aroma. This product has detoxification, stop diarrhea, sterilization and astringent effect, on the lung and kidney double deficiency, spleen and kidney deficiency and cold, shortness of breath, phlegm and fire lungs have good auxiliary therapeutic effect. Particularly suitable for false sweating, lung deficiency, kidney deficiency, chronic diarrhea and dysentery, hemorrhoids, blood in the stool, etc. daily dietary therapy for health care.
(11) patchouli honey is made from the nectar of patchouli, a rare wild Chinese medicine. The honey is amber in color and has a unique smell, with the aroma of Chinese medicine. Because the composition and medicinal properties of patchouli honey are inherited from the Chinese herb patchouli, so this product is not only generally applicable to nutritional health care, but also in the relief of summer heat and dampness, gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea and vomiting, and clearing away heat and detoxification, etc. It is also a good auxiliary therapeutic effect. It is the ideal therapeutic health care product for people with poor gastrointestinal function, indigestion and weakness.
(12) orange blossom nectar from the nectar of citrus, light amber color, with a strong orange blossom aroma, taste sweet and slightly acidic, fresh and clean and refreshing. This product has the citrus of the thirst, wake up diuretic effect, food under the gas, the heat and poison in the stomach and intestines, in addition to the annoyance of wake up the wine. At the same time, there are also nourishing positive qi, phlegm, eliminating stagnation, tonifying, moistening the effects of dryness, this product is suitable for the spleen and stomach dryness and heat, bloating, gastrointestinal disorders of patients with health care to eat.
(13) Salvia divinorum honey is a pure natural honey brewed by bees from the flowers of the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia divinorum, with Salvia divinorum's effect of "generating new blood and removing bad blood". It is suitable for women's menstrual disorders, menstrual cramps, etc. In addition, Salvia miltiorrhiza honey can also "cool the blood and eliminate swelling, clear the mind and remove boredom".
(14) Astragalus honey Astragalus is one of the indispensable drugs for the treatment of qi deficiency. Astragalus honey is extracted from natural astragalus flowers, with the Chinese medicine astragalus of the benefit of the Wei solid surface, the effect of diuresis and swelling, so as to play the role of lifting the qi, diuretic, alleviate nephritis, reduce blood pressure, and strengthen the role of the body. It can replenish qi and solidify the surface, and is suitable for health care consumption by people with qi deficiency and excessive sweating.
(15) Platycodon grandiflorum honey Platycodon grandiflorum is the main medicine for the treatment of sore throat, with the efficacy of promoting the lungs and dispersing the evil, expelling phlegm and draining pus. Platycodonopsis honey from natural Platycodonopsis nectar, not only with the honey of the clearing of heat to complement the effects of dryness, it is suitable for external allergic cough, chest tightness, phlegm dietary therapy health care products.
(16) Loquat Honey is made from the nectar of blossoming loquat flowers collected by industrious bees and brewed. It is sweet and appetizing, the best honey. Loquat honey has the medicinal effect of loquat "main treatment of lung heat and cough, stomach heat and vomiting, fever and thirst", it has the health care effect of clearing the lungs, draining heat, resolving phlegm, relieving cough and asthma, and it is the ideal choice for patients with cold and flu, cough and phlegm.
(17) Codonopsis honey is brewed by bees from the nectar of Codonopsis pilosula, a valuable Chinese medicine, with a sweet taste and amber color. In addition to the characteristics of honey, it is good for nourishing the middle, benefiting qi and generating fluids, and has auxiliary therapeutic effects on the weakness of the spleen and stomach, qi and blood deficiencies, tiredness and weakness, women's hematochezia and anemia, and it is suitable for health care consumption by people with weakness, cold stomach, chronic gastritis, and anemia.
(18) motherwort honey from the southwest plateau of China's non-polluting medicinal motherwort production areas, this product has to remove blood stasis to generate new, regulate menstruation and blood and other effects. It is suitable for women with irregular menstruation, excessive menstrual bleeding, prenatal and postnatal women, fully reflecting the care for women. For men, especially those with high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, kidney disease, etc., Motherwort Honey is likewise an ideal health food for health care and auxiliary treatment.
(19) Lycium barbarum honey from China's valuable Chinese medicine - the main production area of the wolfberry, is the bee collection of wolfberry nectar brewed. This product has both the traditional nutritional and health care value of honey, but also because it is the essence of the wolfberry, has the effect of tonifying the kidney and essence, nourishing the liver and brightening the eyes, moistening the lungs and relieving cough. This product is suitable for people who suffer from blood and qi deficiency, high blood pressure, physical weakness, vision loss, anemia, chronic hepatitis, toxic or metabolic liver disease and liver dysfunction caused by the biliary system. Particularly adapted to kidney deficiency and lumbar pain, spermatorrhea, spermatorrhea, busy men to eat.
(20) cauliflower honey light amber, slightly turbid, with the aroma of rapeseed, slightly pungent, stored for a long time to alleviate the spicy taste, sweet taste; very easy to crystallize, after crystallization of milky white, the crystals were fine grains or greasy. It is warm and has the function of promoting blood circulation and breaking gas, eliminating swelling and dispersing knots, and supplementing the body with blood.
The honey recipe ---- home remedies selected
Taste sweet, flat, non-toxic.
It has a sweet, neutral, non-toxic flavor. It is used in the lungs, spleen, large intestine, heart, and stomach.
Functions: nourishing Yin, moistening dryness, moistening the lungs to replenish the deficiency, harmonizing with all kinds of medicines, detoxifying medicines, nourishing the spleen and qi, pleasing to the color, and harmonizing the intestines and stomach.
The main treatment for weakness of the spleen and stomach, constipation, gastrointestinal ulcers, dry cough, dry throat, mute, heart and abdominal spasms, good antidote to aconite, epiphyllum; external treatment of mouth sores, scalded fire injuries.
Contraindication 1, loose stools do not eat 2, avoid eating with raw onions.
Description Honey is also known as honey, white honey, stone syrup, white sand honey. According to its collection of different seasons, there are winter honey, summer honey, spring honey, winter honey is the best. If according to the different flowers, and can be divided into date honey, thorn flower honey, acacia honey, pear honey, sunflower honey, buckwheat honey, purple daffodil honey, lychee flower honey, etc., which to date honey, purple daffodil honey, lychee flower honey quality is better, for the top honey. Honey is a nutritious side food, with the "essence of flowers" reputation, has been regarded as "nature's precious gift to mankind", "heart disease friend", It has been regarded as "a precious gift of nature to mankind", "a good friend of heart disease", "a medicine to make people happy and keep youth". Folk have long been widely used to treat many diseases with honey, and that it is a treasure to prolong life. In recent years, China's medical and health workers after repeated clinical trials proved that honey on heart disease, liver disease, hypertension, lung disease, eye disease, diabetes, dysentery, constipation, anemia, gastric and duodenal ulcers, arthritis, neurological disorders, dermatological disorders, scalded, frostbite and other diseases have varying degrees of efficacy.
Selected honey therapeutic prescriptions
1, white honey, wilson 50 grams each, one dose per day in the morning and evening service, served for a week, on the esophageal cancer has a certain efficacy.
2, 100 grams of honey, boiled water, for accidentally swallowing leeches (locusts).
3, 50 grams of honey, boiled water, morning and evening once, for dry cough, dysentery, habitual constipation and constipation in old age; if you add 0.3 grams of ice powder with drink, can cure hoarseness.
4, 500-1000 grams of honey, served at once, the treatment of intussusception.
5, honey and winter melon juice, one cup each, *** mixing service, treatment of pregnancy urinary incontinence.
6, honey on the affected area, or add raw scallion white **** mashed compresses on the affected area, for all water and fire burns and sores.
7, every day morning and evening to take honey two or three times, each time three tablespoons. Can cure hypertension, coronary heart disease.
8, 30 grams of lotus root powder, with boiling water into a paste, add 30 grams of honey warm service, there is to clear the heat, moisten the lungs and relieve cough.
9, 100 milliliters of fresh lotus root juice, 30 grams of honey, mix well and take, once a day, served for several days. Can cure lung heat cough, dry throat, epistaxis and other heat diseases.
10, 5 grams of Chuanbei end, 30 grams of honey, steamed half an hour to take. Treatment of long-standing dry lung cough, dry cough without sputum, or sputum with blood.
11, 30 grams of honeysuckle, two bowls of water into a bowl of decoction, remove the dregs of the juice, punch into the honey 20 grams, divided into morning and evening twice. Can cure influenza, pharyngitis, constipation in the elderly.
12, 15 grams of black sesame (mashed), washed into the honey, 30 grams of milk, taken in the morning on an empty stomach. Can cure the elderly or women postpartum constipation, but also has the role of beauty and black hair.
13, Bletilla, Bacopa monnieri 12 grams each, Psidium guajava 15 grams (mashed), water decoction to remove the dregs of the juice, washed into the appropriate amount of honey, divided into two servings, can be cured of tuberculosis. 14, fresh mulberry seeds are not limited to the pounding of gauze wrapped in the juice, heated and concentrated to add the appropriate amount of honey, cooked into a paste, cooled and bottled. Every morning and evening to take two tablespoons, boiled water. Can cure youth gray hair, after the disease of qi and blood deficiency, neurasthenia and so on.
15, 250 grams of milk, boil and add 30 grams of honey, fasting warm. There are nourishing fitness, beauty and skin effects.
Identify the quality of honey
At present, the market is often flooded with fake honey, mainly high fructose syrup made of fake honey, its color is light, extremely clear and transparent. However, compared to honey, its nutrition is single, does not have vitamins, amino acids, minerals and active enzymes. Consumers should choose professional stores to buy products with quality assurance. Consumers can simply identify the quality of honey through the following methods:
(1) Mouth, nose and smell: Consumers can taste the mouth and smell the nose when shopping, and observe whether the honey has an oily taste or odor. Generally good quality honey is sweet and has a light and floral consistent breath, if the aroma is too strong, it may be mixed with flavoring, poor quality honey with bitter, astringent, sour and even odor.
(2) water content identification: good quality honey with less water, viscosity; with a sterilized glass rod will pick up the honey, honey will become silky, extremely long. High water content of honey feels very thin.
Crystallized honey
Honey crystallization is a purely physical phenomenon, not a chemical change, so it has no effect on its nutrients and food value, and crystallized honey is easier to store and transport. The honey is also a good source of food for the consumer, as it can be used as a food source for the consumer, as well as a source of food for the consumer.
But the market does exist mixed with sugar honey, the difference is that the sugar crystallization hard, hand twisting is not easy to melt, and honey crystallization particles hand twisting is easy to melt.
Light and dark honey
The color of honey is directly related to the type of nectar collected by the bees, and there is a clear difference in the color of honey made from the nectar of different nectar plants. Some people believe that the lighter the color of the honey, the better the quality. It is true that acacia honey and some light-colored honey smell fragrant, good quality, but longan honey, ginseng honey, jujube honey also belongs to the superior honey. According to nutritional experts, the dark honey in the protein, iron content is higher than the light honey about 50%, no wonder the British, the Germans on the dark honey favorite.
Identification of true and false honey
A: smell single-flower honey has the plant's unique floral flavor, mixed honey has a natural floral flavor breath, fake honey is sucrose flavor, there is a spice flavor.
2: Eye observation
1. Look at the concentration of honey, take a chopstick and insert it into the honey, lift it vertically. The high concentration of honey down the flow of slow, sticky big can pull silk, broken can be contracted into a honey ball. Fake honey or low concentration of honey is the opposite, even if you can pull the long wire, broken wire is not elastic, will not shrink into honey beads.
2. You can take a drop of honey and put it on the newspaper. Pure honey with high concentration is hemispherical and not easy to soak through the newspaper, while honey with low concentration or fake honey is easy to soak through the newspaper.
3. Take a glass of water and add a little honey to it. Real honey will quickly sink to the bottom of the cup, not easy to melt, and when stirred slowly with chopsticks, there will be a silky streak. If it is fake honey, it will quickly dissolve into the water.
4. Look at the crystallization, the crystallization of honey and its plant species and temperature related, generally natural honey in 13 - 14 degrees Celsius when easy to crystallize. The honey that can be fully crystallized generally contains low moisture, high concentration, not easy to deteriorate, so it is high quality honey. Pure crystallized honey is delicate to the touch and has no sandy feel when rubbed by hand. Fake honey, not easy to crystallize, or precipitate part of the precipitate is hard, not easy to rub.
Third: taste Pure natural honey, sweet flavor, slightly acidic, soft and delicate taste, soft and refreshing, throat feeling slightly spicy, aftertaste fragrance long. Adulterated honey taste sweet, but mixed with sugar or spice flavor, throat feeling weak, and the aftertaste is thin and short.
Fourth: chemical test: the color of honey doped with starch will turn blue when added to iodine solution, honey doped with caramel will appear white flocculent when added to a high concentration of ethanol, and honey doped with other impurities will be inserted into the honey with a red-hot iron wire, which will be attached with a sticky substance.
Refrigerated crystallization test: honey stored at 4 to 14 degrees Celsius for a period of time will become solid, which is a physical phenomenon of honey. Real honey crystallization with chopsticks a tie an eye, very soft, fake honey tie can not be. The real honey is pinched by hand and the crystals dissolve quickly, while the fake honey has the feeling of pinching and dissolves slowly or does not dissolve. Real honey crystals with teeth bite sound small, while the fake honey crystals are crisp and loud. Pour out the honey and so it is slightly solidified, if it is real honey will form a hexagonal structure such as a honeycomb, fake no.
In short, to identify the authenticity of honey, a single method may have some errors, you can apply a variety of methods at the same time to identify a kind of honey, in general, you can determine the authenticity of honey.