Problem description:
I have some peony seeds. I want to know how they are planted, when and what to pay attention to.
Analysis:
, cultivation management (home delivery management)
Peony in China has extensive ecological adaptability and is easy to cultivate and manage. However, in order to make its plants flourish and flowers colorful, we must also emphasize the following points.
1. Select varieties, seedlings and land (bolt He Miao Yongdi).
Peony in China is a temperate plant, which likes cold and heat, likes dryness and is afraid of dampness. It is slightly tolerant to semi-shade in the sunny place and has developed fleshy roots. Therefore, it is very important to choose the land suitable for flower growth for future cultivation and management. Therefore, the land with high and dry terrain, spacious ventilation, shady side and deep, loose, fertile and well-drained soil is the best land for cultivating peony in China, while raw soil, clay, saline-alkali land and waterlogged land are the most taboo. In addition, the important stubble land where peony has been planted should be rotated 1-2 years before planting.
2, timely planting (Shi Zhai planting)
Autumn is the best time to plant peony. As the saying goes, "Peony is planted in spring, but it cannot be opened when it is old".
The specific planting period is from mid-September to late 10. It is better to plant early in this period. Early planting of Shang Gao ground temperature can promote the early development of ramets and new roots, which is beneficial to survival, overwintering and next year's growth.
Planting methods are usually carried out at the same time as ramet propagation. No matter hole planting, ditch planting or pot planting, the planting space should be wide and deep. After the bottom is mixed with decomposed base fertilizer, the roots are evenly distributed and naturally stretched, and cannot be curled together. The planting depth should make the root neck flush or slightly lower than the soil surface, not too deep or too shallow. When sealing the soil, fill it layer by layer, and then water the soil for the winter.
[13], appropriate fertilization should be applied in time.
Watering should be based on the principle of keeping the soil moist, not too wet and not accumulating water. Generally, the seedlings that have just been planted should be watered by water, before winter, and others can be watered according to the situation and flowers.
Peony in China likes fertilizer, so timely and appropriate fertilization is called "Qufu hoop"? Where's the water pump? Hey? What is the boss? Is a hoop full of fun? What's the matter with you? ⒅ Did you steal the frog by checking the file?
4. Reasonable plastic trimming (what do you think)
It is necessary to remove redundant buds, dead branches, branches of diseases and pests in time, keep the dynamic balance between the aboveground and underground parts, keep the number of plant branches balanced, the plant shape beautiful, ventilated and transparent, and concentrate nutrients to make it grow vigorously and bloom luxuriantly. The main measures include the following:
(1) Select and Keep Branches
After peony is planted, if it is allowed to grow in the first year, many new buds (commonly known as soil buds) can sprout outside the root neck; In the following spring, when the new buds grow to about 10cm, we can choose a few robust, strong and evenly distributed branches to keep as the main branches (commonly known as fixed branches) and remove all the others. After that, 1-2 new buds are selected intermittently every year or every other year as branches for culture, so that the plant cluster will expand and plump year by year.
(2) Use new shoots as appropriate.
In order to make peony flowers big and gorgeous, we often combine pruning with bud thinning and bud smearing, so as to keep 1 bud on each branch, remove the remaining buds, remove all the adventitious buds on the old branches, and concentrate nutrition to make the flowers huge. The buds left on each branch should be full and strong. Some varieties have strong growth potential, strong branching ability and high flowering rate. There are often 1-2 or even 3 buds on each branch, which can germinate into branches and bloom normally. For these varieties, more buds can be left on each branch to increase the amount of flowers and extend the flowering period appropriately. However, some varieties with weak growth, weak branching ability and low flower formation rate should adhere to the pruning measures of 1 branch and 1 bud.
5. Pest control (pest difangzhi)
The main pests and diseases and their control methods are as follows:
(1) gray mold of peony
Gray mold is one of the important diseases of peony in the world, and it also occurs from time to time in China, especially in Shanghai and Zhengzhou. The disease can occur in the growing season of peony, which is very harmful to seedlings and causes them to lodging and wither.
Prevention and control: ① Reduce the source of infection: clear the dead leaves of diseased plants in autumn, clear the diseased buds and leaves in spring, and bury the diseased bodies deeply. ② chemical control in growing season: once the disease occurs in growing season, the following chemicals can be used for spray control: 1% bordeaux solution such as lime, 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times solution, 65% zineb 500 times solution, or 50% clonidine 1000 times solution. Spray every 10 day-15 day/kloc-0 time, and spray for 2 -3 times continuously. ③ Strengthening cultivation management: the planting density should be moderate; Drainage in time after rain, do not wet the soil at the base of the plant cluster; Crop rotation should be implemented in seriously ill areas; When planting disease-free seedlings, seeds can be soaked in 65% zineb 300 times solution 10- 15 minutes.
⑵ Peony brown spot disease
Brown spot, also known as red spot, is a worldwide disease of peony. It often leads to premature withering of leaves and affects the growth potential of peony.
Prevention and control: ① reduce the source of infection: completely remove the sick and disabled people on the ground in autumn; Spraying 600 times of 50% carbendazim solution or 3 degrees of lime-sulfur mixture before the plants germinate in early spring to kill the germs on the plants. ② Chemical control in growing season: spray 50% carbendazim 1000 times or 65% zineb 500-600 times, spray/kloc-0 times, spray for 7 days-1 0 days, and spray continuously for 3-4 times. ③ Strengthening cultivation management: moderate planting density and application of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.
(3) Anthracnose of Peony
Anthracnose is a common disease of peony in China, which is common in Beijing, Nanjing, Shanghai, Wuxi, Zheng He xi 'an and other places. The United States, Japan and other countries have also reported. Anthracnose often makes peony leaves covered with withered spots, diseased stems twisted and twigs withered.
Prevention and control: ① reduce the source of infection like peony brown spot disease. ② Chemical control during the growing season: at the early stage of the disease (May-June), 70% anthrax thiram 500 times solution, 1% lime and other Bordeaux solutions, or 65% zineb 500 times solution were sprayed. 10 day-15 day 1 time, * * * spray 2 -3 times.
(4) peony ring spot disease
Ring spot disease, also known as white star disease, is also a common leaf spot disease of peony, which is more serious in Changsha, Zhengzhou, Guiyang and Beijing.
Prevention and control: ① reduce the source of infection: remove the fallen leaves of diseased plants in time, and spray 3-degree sulfur mixture before the plants germinate to kill the germs on peony plants. ② Chemical control during growth period: spraying Bordeaux solution with the same amount of 1% lime, or 50% Decatur 800 times solution, or 65% zineb 500 times solution. Spray continuously for 2-3 times after onset (10 days-15 days, 1 time). ③ Strengthening cultivation management: suitable planting density and good ventilation and light transmission.
5] Peony leaf blight
The disease is more common in China, and it is more serious in Chengdu, Beijing and other places, which leads to the early defoliation of peony. The former Soviet Union, Japan and other countries have also reported.
[6] Peony branch blight
Peony branch blight infects the stems and branches of peony. The disease on the stem is light brown spot, which gradually expands into reddish brown oval spot. The diseased spot can go around the stem for a week, so that the branches above the diseased spot can die quickly. In autumn, black spots appear on the diseased spots, which are conidia of pathogenic bacteria. Infected buds turn brown, and dead buds stay on plants for a long time. This disease is caused by fungi.
Pathogenic conditions: pathogens mainly invade from wounds. Many wounds and weak plant growth are conducive to the occurrence of diseases.
Prevention and control: ① Strengthen cultivation management, enhance growth potential, reduce wounds and improve disease resistance. ② Chemical control: See Peony Brown Spot.
(7) Peony root-knot nematode disease
Root-knot nematode disease of Paeonia suffruticosa is common and has been reported at home and abroad. In recent 10 years, root-knot nematode disease has become the most important disease of peony root system in China, causing early defoliation. When the disease is serious, all the leaves of peony fall off in August. It occurs every year, and the plants grow short, with small leaves and small flowers or no flowers. The disease has occurred to varying degrees in Henan, Shandong, Beijing, Jiangsu and other provinces and cities in China.
Prevention and control: ① Strengthen quarantine to prevent the expansion of epidemic areas. The diseased seedlings found in the introduction work must be treated: soaked in 0. 1% fenpropathrin for 30 minutes, or soaked in warm water at 48℃-49℃ for 30 minutes. ② Chemical control in the field: apply 15% aldicarb granules, each plant is 5 g- 10g, and the spot depth is about 10cm. The drug was used in Beijing at the beginning of May, 1 year, 1 time. ③ Treatment of diseases: disinfection with heat or pesticides. Commonly used pesticides include bromoalkane, aldicarb and phoxim. Soil can also be disinfected by drying and high temperature. For example, after the basin soil was dried for 30 days (the water content reached 0. 17%), the wireless worm survived.
Heze Mudan Jiatianxia
Pengzhou, also known as Tian Peng, is located in the northwest of Chengdu Plain, 34 kilometers away from Chengdu. The fertile soil in Sichuan is rich and rich. Known as the "Flower Country", it is one of the main producing areas of peony in China.
Tian Peng Peony is famous for its birthplace-Tianpengmen at the foot of Single Crystal Mountain. Artificial planting and viewing began in the Tang Dynasty, and it was as famous as Luoyang Peony in the Song Dynasty. The great poet Lu You's "Tian Peng Peony Spectrum" said: "Peony is in Zhongzhou, and Luoyang is the first; In the middle, it is the first. " At that time, it enjoyed the reputation of "the hometown of peony". During the Southern Song Dynasty, Pengzhou became the "Peony Cultivation Center of China" at that time.
Tian Peng Peony is one of the famous peony varieties in China, which is famous for its lush plant height, large flowers and long neck, rich nutrition and colorful appearance, especially for its natural wild interest.
Art masters Zhang Daqian and Chen Zizhuang both have famous sayings that praise beauty. Chen Zizhuang Cloud: Pengzhou single crystal, "The cliffs and broken walls are all peonies, the Gu Teng is dry, the feet are standing, the fallen leaves are weeping, and the valley is gorgeous".
Today, peony in Tian Peng has made great progress. 1985, Peony has been regarded as the city flower of Pengzhou, and it has been developed and constructed as an important resource of Longmenshan single crystal scenic spot. This is the only scenic spot in China featuring peony. After the Tian Peng Peony presented to the Single Crystal Kunming World Expo from 65438 to 0999 won the Silver Award and the Bronze Award, Shan Jingshan became more famous. Now Single Crystal has developed into the largest peony viewing center in western China.
Pengzhou has held the 16th Pengzhou Peony Fair since 1985. Pengzhou Peony Fair has become one of the three most influential peony fairs in China (Luoyang Peony Fair and Heze International Peony Fair). Every spring, Pengzhou, especially the peony in Shan Jingshan, is full of mountains and fields, full of wild interests and endless tourists, which are praised by Chinese and foreign tourists. Dr l aosti visited the peony in Tian Peng on the mountain and wrote an inscription praising it as "paradise on earth".
This year is the 19 Pengzhou Peony Festival, which will be held from March 28th to May 8th, 2003. This is the Peony Festival held by Pengzhou people in the new century and the first year of the Tenth Five-Year Plan. The purpose of the Flower Festival is "to make friends and develop the economy through flowers".
The main exhibition area of this flower show is located in Single Crystal, which is one of the scenic spots of Longmen Mountain. It is located in jiulong town, Pengzhou, with an area of 18 square kilometers and an altitude of 1 147 meters. It is famous for its religious culture, ancient Peng Shu culture, especially peony culture, and is known as "Ancient Tang" and "Ancient Tang".
A total of 65,438+200,000 peony plants and 260 varieties were exhibited in Shan Jingshan, covering an area of 200 mu, including peony garden 10, 30,000 peony plants and 2 yellow azalea gardens.
The fair will also hold a boutique peony show: this is the first boutique peony exhibition since Pengzhou Peony Fair was held. A 300-square-meter shade shed will be built at the foot of Single Crystal Mountain, and more than 500 pots of peony from southwest and central China of China will be exhibited. The main varieties are Jinyaolou, Hongdanlan, Hu Hong, Zhusha Lei, Guifei Tea Cui, Pink Crown, Shouan Red, etc. to meet the tourists' appreciation and purchase.
The auxiliary exhibition area Pengzhou Park is located in Pengzhou City. More than 65,438+00,000 peonies and 265,438+00 peonies from Heze, with 42 varieties, are also on display.
The auxiliary exhibition area Longmen Grand Canyon (Yinchanggou) is located in Dabao Town, Pengzhou City, 55 kilometers away from the urban area. It is the main attraction of Longmen Mountain Scenic Area. This ditch is 50 kilometers long. In the scenic area, the peaks stand tall and the mountains overlap. The canyon is deep and there are many strange rocks. Roaring waterfalls, magical rainbow phantoms and winding bridge paths are a must in western Sichuan, especially.
Longmen Grand Canyon exhibited 654.38 million peonies, covering an area of more than 30 mu.
This year's flower show will not only carry out economic and trade activities, but also hold a large-scale peony painting and calligraphy competition, a live painting performance by famous peony painters, a bird race in western Sichuan and other colorful artistic and folk entertainment activities.
Pengzhou's food culture is also rich and colorful, such as Jiuchi Fresh Goose Intestine, Jiuchi Duck, Juntun Guokui, Bearded Rabbit, Big Umbrella Beef, Bos Oil Cake, etc. Among them, Jiuchi Fresh Goose Intestine has a unique flavor and is famous for its crisp, tender, fragrant and sweet taste in Sichuan, making it a must in Pengzhou.
Only peony is really a national color, and Pengzhou is in full bloom. In this beautiful spring, when you wander among peony flowers, may peony bring you luck, wealth and happiness. ...