Rough roughness is a flat tongue sound.

analysis: rough and rough, pronunciation: [cāo], initial is: c, so it belongs to flat tongue sound.

Pinghua sound: refers to the sound formed by the tip of the tongue against the upper gum to block the airflow. That is, syllables starting with z, c and s in Chinese Pinyin.

Warp: A consonant formed by the tip of the tongue tilting upward and touching the front of the hard palate, which blocks the airflow. Such as the initials zh, ch, sh, R in Mandarin.

Basic explanation of roughness:

1. The state of rice hulled but not mashed: brown rice.

2. Not detailed, not smooth: rough. Rough.

rough: [cū cāo]?

explanation: poor; Rough. As opposed to fine and smooth.

He Qifang's "The People and the Army: The First Letter": "I thought that from the hands of these rough farmers, a free new China will be established."

Extended materials:

Distinguish, memorize and master the words with the initial consonants of flat tongue and tongue, and the common methods are as follows:

(1) Representative word analogy

Most Chinese characters are pictophonetic characters. Most pictophonetic characters beside the same sound have the same initials.

such as "_, Zeng, Zong, Zi, Cai, Cang, Cao, Cong, San and Si". Most of the characters with "Lao" and "Sui" as radicals are flat-tongued.

"Zhan, Zhong, Zhu, Speciality, Chao, Cheng, Chu, Shao, Shan, Shen and Sheng" are radical words, and most of them are tongue-popping.

Therefore, by memorizing some representative words or radicals with flat and warped sounds, a large number of words with flat and warped sounds can be determined by analogy conveniently.

(2) There are certain rules to distinguish the combination of initials and finals in Putonghua by using the phonological coordination of Putonghua.

For example, the three vowels ua, uai and uang can be spelled with the tongue-tied sounds zh, ch and sh, but none can be spelled with the flat tongue sounds Z, C and S.. Therefore, when you encounter words with the vowels of "grasping, installing, window, wrestling and double" as ua, uai and uang respectively, you can directly conclude that they are tongue-popping.

in words with the vowel of ong, the initial is only s, but there is no sh. Therefore, it can be concluded that the vowel is ong's "song, song and song", and it will never be a tongue.

for words with ou as the vowel, except for a few numbers such as "together", the other initials are ch.

among the words with the vowel of uen, only the initials of "Shun, Suck, Shun and Instant" are sh, and the initials of other words are S ..

for words with en as the vowel, except for the words "how, Shen (poor), Cen, Sen", for words with eng as the vowel, except for a few numbers with "Ceng" and "Zeng" as the sound side, the initials of the other words are all after the tip of the tongue (tongue).

Remembering these rules is also helpful for us to distinguish and remember flat and warped words.