Qingming Festival, also known as Treading Green Festival, Xingqing Festival, March Festival, Ancestor Festival, etc., is celebrated at the intersection of mid-spring and late spring. Qingming Festival originated from the ancient times of ancestral beliefs and spring festival rituals, both natural and humanistic two connotations, is a natural festival point, but also a traditional festival. The following is my carefully organized Qingming Festival what are the aliases, just for reference, I hope to be able to help you.
Qingming Festival aliases:
1, Cold Food Festival
Also known as the Hot Food Festival, the Festival of Smoke, Cold Festival, the date of the winter solstice from the 105th, that is, from the Qingming Festival, but only a day or two days, the main custom of the festival is to prohibit the fire, not allowed to make fire to cook, only eat prepared hot food. The main custom of this festival is that fire is forbidden, no cooking over fire is allowed, and you can only eat prepared hot food, cold food, hence the name.
2, Treading Green Festival
Legend has it that after the Great Yu, people used the word "Qingming" to celebrate that the flooding had been eliminated, and that the world was at peace. This is the origin of the Qingming Festival when the spring flowers, everything is recovering, the sky is clear, it is a good time to spring trekking. As early as in the Tang Dynasty has begun, inherited through the generations to become accustomed to. In addition to appreciate the nature of the lake and mountains, spring scenery, but also to carry out a variety of recreational activities, add interest in life.
3, Ghost Festival
Qingming Festival popular tomb sweeping, in fact, tomb sweeping is the Qingming Festival, the day before the content of the Cold Food Festival, Cold Food is rumored to have started in the Duke of Jin Wen mourning the mesotronic pushes the matter. Tang Xuanzong Kaiyuan twenty years of imperial decree, "cold food on the tomb". Since the cold food was connected with Qingming, it was later gradually passed down as Qingming Tomb-sweeping. During the Qingming period, tomb-sweeping was even more popular. In ancient times, children often flew kites when sweeping tombs. Some kites were equipped with a bamboo flute, which made a loud sound when blown by the wind, just like the sound of a kite, and the name of the kite is said to come from this.
Expanded: Customs and Legends of Qingming Festival
Qingming Festival is one of the twenty-four solar terms in China. Because the twenty-four seasons more objectively reflect the changes in temperature, rainfall, and physical climate throughout the year, the ancient working people used it to arrange agricultural activities. Huainanzi (淮南子). Tianwenxun" said, "Fifteen days after the vernal equinox, the bucket points to B, then the wind of Qingming arrives." According to the "time of the year and a hundred questions": "Everything grows at this time, are clean and clear. Therefore, it is called Qingming." Qingming, the temperature rises, the rainfall increases, it is a good time for spring plowing and planting. Therefore, there are "before and after the Qingming, point melon planting beans", "planting trees, no more than the Qingming" proverbs. Visible this festival and agricultural production has a close . The relationship.
However, Qingming as a festival, and the pure festival is different. The festival is a sign of the change of climate and the order of the season, while the festival contains a certain customary activities and some kind of commemorative significance.
Qingming Festival is a traditional festival in China, and also the most important festival of sacrifice, is the day of ancestor worship and tomb sweeping. Tomb-sweeping is commonly known as visiting the grave, an activity to honor the dead. Most of the Han Chinese and some ethnic minorities sweep their tombs on Qingming Festival.
According to the old custom, when sweeping tombs, people should bring wine, food, fruits, paper money and other items to the cemetery, offer the food in front of their loved ones' graves, then incinerate the paper money, cultivate new soil for the graves, fold a few young green branches and insert them on the graves, and then kowtow and worship, and then eat the wine and food and finally go home. Du Mu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem entitled "Qingming": "The rain falls one after another during the Qingming Festival, and the pedestrians on the road want to break their souls. Where can I find a tavern? The shepherd boy points to the apricot blossom village." Writes the special atmosphere of Qingming Festival.
Qingming Festival, also known as the festival, according to the solar calendar, it is between April 4 and 6 every year, it is the time of the spring bright and beautiful grass and trees spit green, it is also the people of spring tour (ancient called trekking) a good time, so the ancients have Qingming trekking, and a series of sports activities of the custom.
Until today, the Qingming Festival to pay homage to ancestors, mourning the deceased relatives of the custom is still very prevalent.
The traditional Qingming Festival in China began around the Zhou Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,500 years. Qingming is a very important festival in the beginning, Qingming, the temperature rises, it is a good time for spring plowing and planting, so there is "before and after Qingming, planting melons and beans". "Tree planting, no more than the Qingming" proverbs. Later, due to the Qingming and cold food days close, and cold food is the folk ban on fire sweeping days, gradually, cold food and Qingming into one, and cold food has become a Qingming alias, but also become a custom for the Qingming festival, Qingming day does not move the fireworks, only to eat cold food.
About the cold food, there is such a legend:
Legend has it that during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the consort of the Duke of Jin Xian, Lixi Ji, in order to let her son Xi Qi succeeded to the throne, set up poisonous plots to kill the Prince Shen Sheng, who was forced to commit suicide. Shen Sheng's younger brother, Chong Er, went into exile to avoid the disaster. While in exile, Chong Er suffered a lot of humiliation. Most of the ministers who followed him went their own way one after another. There were only a few loyal men left who followed him all the way. One of them was called Jie Zi Tui (介子推). Once, Chong Er passed out from hunger. In order to save Chong Er, Jie Zi Pui cut off a piece of meat from his own leg, cooked it over a fire and gave it to Chong Er to eat. Nineteen years later, Chong Er returned to his country and became the monarch, the Duke Wen of Jin, one of the famous Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period.
After the reign of Duke Wen of Jin, he rewarded those who had suffered with him, but forgot about Jie Zi Tui. Some people complained for Jie Zi Tui in front of Duke Wen. Duke Wen of Jin suddenly remembered the old story, the heart of shame, and immediately sent to ask mesoteric push on the court to be rewarded by the official. However, after several trips, Jie Zi Tui did not come. Duke Wen of Jin had to go in person to invite. However, when Duke Wen came to Jie Zi Tui's house, he saw that the door was closed. Jie Zi Tui didn't want to see him, and had already carried his mother to hide in Mianshan Mountain (southeast of present-day Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province). The Duke of Jin then sent his imperial army up to Mianshan to search for him, but they did not find him. So, someone came up with an idea, saying that it would be better to set fire to the mountain, lighting fires on three sides and leaving one side behind, so that when the fire started, Jie Zi Tui would come out on his own. Duke Wen of Jin ordered the fire to burn the mountain, but the fire burned for three days and three nights, after the fire was extinguished, did not see Kai Zi push out. Up the mountain to see, jiezi push mother and son holding a big charred willow tree has died. Duke Wen of Jin looked at the body of the mesquite push to cry and worship for a while, and then buried the remains, found the mesquite push the spine blocked a willow tree hole, the hole seems to have something.
I cut off my flesh to serve the emperor, but I wish my lord would always be clear.
The ghosts under the willow will never be seen, but they will be like a counselor to the king.
If your lord has me in his heart, he will always think of himself when he remembers me.
I have no shame in the nine springs of my heart, and I am diligent and clear.
Duke Wen hid the bloody book in his sleeve. Then he buried Jie Zi Tui and his mother under the charred willow tree. In order to commemorate Jie Zi Tui, Duke Wen of Jin ordered to change Mian Shan to "Jie Shan", built a shrine on the mountain, and designated the day of setting fire to the mountain as the Cold Food Festival, and informed the whole country that fireworks were forbidden on this day every year, and only cold food was eaten.
When he left, he cut a section of charred willow wood, to the palace to make a pair of wooden clogs, and every day looked at it and sighed: "Woe to the foot."
The next year, the Duke of Jin led a group of ministers in plain clothes to pay tribute on foot, to express their condolences. When he arrived at the grave, he saw the old willow tree come back to life, with thousands of green branches, dancing in the wind. Duke Wen of Jin looked at the resurrected old willow tree and saw it as if he had seen Jie Zi Tui. He went to it respectfully, pinched a branch and wove a circle on his head. After the ceremony, the Duke of Jin gave the name "Qingming Willow" to the resurrected old willow tree, and designated this day as the Qingming Festival.
In the future, Duke Wen of Jin often put the bloody book on his side, as a motto to spur his own ruling. He was very diligent in governance, and he managed the country well.
Since then, the people of Jin have been able to live and work in peace and happiness, and they miss Jie Zi Tui very much. On the day of his death, people banned fireworks to commemorate him. Also with flour and jujube clay, kneaded into the swallow, with willow string up, inserted in the door, to summon his soul, this thing is called "the push of the swallow" (jiezitui also known as jiezhitui). Since then, the cold food and Qingming became the grand festivals of the people all over the country. Whenever cold food is served, people do not make fire to cook and only eat cold food. In the north, the people only eat pre-made cold food such as jujube cake, wheat cake, etc.; in the south, it is mostly green dumplings and glutinous rice candy root. Every Qingming, people weave willow into a circle to wear on the head, the willow branches inserted in front of the house, in order to show remembrance.