Landlord, do you think it is a lizard? Unfortunately, it won't grow. Adopt it. Crocodile turtles are native to North America and Central America, and are also called small crocodiles. In recent years, they have been successfully introduced into China for artificial propagation. They are famous for their strong and fleshy bodies, so they are also called meat turtles. They are rare among soft-shelled turtles, and have the characteristics of high meat yield, rich nutrition, fast growth and high economic value. Its meat yield ranks first among turtles, reaching 85% ~ 89%, which is twice that of ordinary turtles. The average annual weight gain of snapping turtles is 550 g ~ 1 100 g, which is several times that of ordinary turtles. The meat quality of snapping turtle is delicate, crispy and delicious, without peculiar smell, and the nourishing effect is very obvious. It can dredge meridians, help yang meridians, replenish yin and blood, and replenish essence. It has obvious curative effect on deficiency of essence and blood, mental fatigue, chronic paralysis and weakness, and cough, especially suitable for postpartum tonic, anemia, insomnia and mental decline.

Crocodile turtle (Figure 3)

Turtles belong to Chordata, Vertebrate, Reptilia, Tortoise, Tortoise and Tortoise. The scientific name of snapping turtle is Macroclemys temmincki, and the English name is snapping turtle. ; The scientific name of the little snapping turtle is Chelydra Serpentina sap. The English name is Common snapping turtle. Two kinds of edible freshwater turtles in Tortoise are named after their biting methods. Found in North and Central America, it is famous for its huge size and aggressiveness. Brown-yellow to black, rough carapace, small cross carapace, long tail, big head and hooked lower palate. Twenty eggs at a time? 40. The newly hatched turtle shell is about 2.5 long? 4 cm ( 1？ 1.5 inch), the meat is edible. The common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) is widely distributed from Canada to Central America. It is characterized by serrated ridges on the back of its tail, and the average length of its carapace is 20? 30 cm (8? 12 inch) and weighs 4.5? 16 kg (10? 35 kg). There are three longitudinal ridges on the carapace of young turtles, which gradually wear out with time. Hiding in the mudflats of shallow streams. Omnivores are usually not easy to fight in water, but they can run and bite on land. Macrochelys temmincki is the largest freshwater turtle in the United States, living in the southern and central parts of the United States. Not easy to move, with three raised longitudinal ridges on the back. A length of about 40? 70 cm ( 16？ 28 inches), weighing about 18? 70 kg (40？ 155 lb), and there was a record of about 100 kg (200 lb). There is a worm-like appendage at the bottom of the mouth, which often lies in the water, opening its mouth and luring nearby fish by the appendage. They also eat plants. Fossils of snapping turtles were found in Miocene sediments in Europe and North America. Crocodile turtle (Figure 5)

True snapping turtles, also known as big snapping turtles, snapping turtles and biting snapping turtles, are only found in the Mississippi River valley in North America. It is one of the most famous snapping turtles in the world. It keeps the characteristics of the primitive turtle, and its mouth, carapace shield and red tongue are all strange. The upper and lower jaws at the front end of the mouth are hooked, like an eagle's mouth, sharp enough to bite off people's fingers. The shields of the carapace are brown, and the shields of 13 rise and fall like 13 hills, and are arranged in three rows. There are many serrated protrusions on the edge of the shell, eyes on both sides of the mouth, small and divine, and many fleshy protrusions on the head and neck. Its tongue has a bright red, forked worm-like fleshy protuberance, which is connected with the tongue through the annular muscle in the middle. Both ends can expand and contract freely. Its tail is thin and long, as hard as Strafe's. Unlike other turtles, its head and feet can't be retracted into the shell. Crocodile turtles are large, with a shell of about 365,438+0 inches and a weight of 200 pounds. It has a strange appearance, and is now on the verge of extinction due to over-capture and trafficking. According to the report of the World Wildlife Federation, the snapping turtle ranks sixth among the endangered and rare creatures in the world (the top ten are: 1. Black rhinoceros, 2. Giant panda, 3. Southeast Asian tiger, 4. Crocodiles, 5. Golden clover, 6. Crocodile turtle, 7. Tortoise, 8. Peach blossom with big leaves. North American snapping turtle has long been one of the important members of the red book list of endangered wildlife protection in the world.

Crocodile turtle looks like a crocodile, which is a combination of turtle and crocodile, so it is called crocodile turtle. Its head is thick, it can't be completely retracted into the shell, its neck is short and thick, its collar and back are covered with brown thorns, its eyes are small, its mouth and jaw are small, its nose and mouth are sharp, its tail is sharp and long, and its edges are covered with fleshy thorns. The front two thirds of its tail has a scaly ridge with serrated mouth, and its back shell is thin, and its epithelium is mainly brown, occasionally brown, with three stripes on its back. Crocodile turtle eggs (Figure 6)

The difference between the big snapping turtle and the small snapping turtle is mainly manifested in six aspects: 1. Head, the crocodile's head is pointed, and the little snapping turtle's head is round. The upper jaw of the big snapping turtle looks like an eagle beak with a big hook, while the upper jaw of the small snapping turtle looks like a hook, but the hook is very small. The big snapping turtle can suddenly attack other animals, and the small snapping turtle can use its body to turn around to find the target, and even chase after it. 2. Mouth: The mouth of a big snapping turtle is longer than that of a small snapping turtle, and its tongue is red. There is a worm-like appendage at the bottom of the mouth, which often lies in the water with its mouth open, attracting nearby fish with the help of the appendage. Little snapping turtles don't have these characteristics. 3. The carapace, the carapace peak of the big snapping turtle is obvious, but the carapace peak of the small snapping turtle is not obvious, almost flat, and the carapace looks round. There are three longitudinal ridges on the carapace of the crocodile turtle, which are brown, and each shield has a protrusion. The carapace is brown and has an upper shield. The carapace of the small snapping turtle is brown or dark brown, with three longitudinal ridges, slightly raised ribs and shields, and the ridges gradually wear out with time. Crocodile turtle (Figure 7)

4. Abdomen, there are countless tentacles in the abdomen of the big snapping turtle, and there are only a few tentacles in the abdomen of the small snapping turtle. The abdominal armor is gray, and there is no shield. 5. Tail: The big snapping turtle has a long tail, while the small snapping turtle has a short tail, and there is a zigzag ridge on the back of the tail, also called the tail spine. 6. Growth speed: Crocodile turtles grow slowly when they are young, and grow faster when they reach 250g g. Under the condition of artificial temperature control, it only takes 1 year to grow from 250g to 2500g, and the largest individual in nature reaches more than 100kg. Small snapping turtles grow slowly below 50g, and it takes about 80 days to grow from 7g to 50g. Under the condition of temperature control, it takes only 1 year for a 50-gram snapping turtle to grow to 2500 grams or a 7-gram snapping turtle to grow to 1.500 grams. In the natural state, small snapping turtles can grow to more than 23 kilograms. The difference in growth speed between the big snapping turtle and the small snapping turtle is mainly caused by different habits. The snapping turtle is lazy and not good at taking the initiative to eat. It lures small fish with its earthworm-like "tongue". Small snapping turtles can take the initiative to eat, and naturally grow faster than big snapping turtles. Therefore, China breeds more small snapping turtles than big snapping turtles.

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Main snapping turtles (Figure 8)

It is distributed in North and Central America, especially in the southeastern part of the United States. Miami is an important origin of snapping turtles. Crocodile turtles in the United States are called "South Tortoise" and "North Tortoise" because of their different distribution areas. Their body colors are divided into "yellow back" and "black back". Yellow-backed snapping turtle is resistant to high temperature, while black-backed snapping turtle is resistant to low temperature. China mainly imports from Florida. Except for a few crocodiles, most of them are small crocodiles. Currently distributed in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Shandong, Sichuan and other places.

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Crocodile turtle (Figure 9)

The snapping turtle has a primary size of 8~ 10g, a general adult size of 6 1~76cm, 77~9 1kg, and the maximum recorded size is 79cm and 107kg (Brookfield Zoo, Chicago, USA). The average shell length of young snapping turtles is 3.3cm and their weight is 7.2g (minimum 3. 1cm, 5.8g and maximum 3.7cm, 14.8g), while the average shell length of adult snapping turtles is 3 1~46cm and their weight is 23~36kg. In nature, the largest individual can reach more than 38 kilograms. Different from ordinary turtle eggs (oval), small crocodile turtle eggs are spherical and white, with a diameter of 23~33mm and an egg weight of 7~ 15g.

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The female carapace of snapping turtle is square, the tail base is thin, the reproductive hole is close to the rear edge of the carapace, the male carapace is rectangular, the tail base is thick and long, and the reproductive hole is far from the rear edge of the carapace. In addition to the above characteristics, the female is located in or flush with the first hard spine of the tail, while the male is located outside the first hard spine of the tail.

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Crocodile turtle (figure 10)

Normal living at 2℃~38℃, normal overwintering above 1℃, shallow hibernation below 12℃, deep hibernation at 6℃, a little activity at 15℃~ 17℃, and normal feeding at 18℃. The basic habits of big snapping turtles and small snapping turtles are similar. Usually it is not easy to fight in water, but it can be rushed and bitten on land. The big snapping turtle can suddenly attack other animals, and the small snapping turtle can use its body to turn around to find the target, and even chase after it. Fingers and toes are webbed, aquatic, inhabiting deep rivers, lakes and bogs, and occasionally touching salt water areas. Crocodile turtles have good adaptability to shallow water and deep water under artificial breeding conditions, but they should be given shallow water environment because of their poor swimming ability in larval stage. Crocodile turtles are carnivorous, feeding on fish, shrimp, frogs, salamanders, small snakes, ducks, waterfowl, aquatic plants and fruit drop. Like night activities and food intake. The reproductive habits of big snapping turtles and small snapping turtles are not exactly the same. The mating period of American snapping turtle is 4- 1 1 month, and there is ovulation. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, the spawning period is from May to August (the spawning time can be advanced and extended in high temperature areas), and generally, every spawning is 15-40. The actual situation changes according to the size and development degree of the mother turtle, which can be seen in the breeding season. /kloc-0 spawns many times a year. I have seen 9 kg parents lay 1 10 eggs a year, all of which are fertilized and hatched. The mating period of American crocodiles is February-April, and the spawning period is April-June, with each spawning10-52. Under natural conditions, the incubation period of the eggs of the big snapping turtle and the small snapping turtle is 9~ 18 weeks, and it will be longer when the weather is cold and dry. Artificial temperature control can shorten the incubation period of snapping turtle eggs, and snapping turtles can hatch after 60 days at 32℃.

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Due to overfishing, snapping turtles are on the verge of extinction. In recent years, it has been successfully introduced into China for artificial propagation. It is famous for its strong and fleshy body, so it is also called meat turtle. It is a treasure among soft-shelled turtles, with the characteristics of high meat yield, rich nutrition, fast growth and high economic value. Its meat yield ranks first among soft-shelled turtles, and its meat is tender, crisp and delicious, without peculiar smell. Its nourishing effect is very obvious, which can dredge meridians, nourish yin and blood, and benefit essence and qi. It has obvious curative effect on deficiency of essence and blood, mental fatigue, chronic paralysis and weakness, and fatigue and cough after long illness. It is also especially suitable for postpartum tonic, anemia, insomnia and mental decline. Tortoise shell has the function of detumescence and is suitable for yin deficiency and blood deficiency caused by cancer. The glans penis also has certain medicinal value. In addition, it has beautiful appearance and high ornamental value. Crocodile turtles have certain edible value, medicinal value and ornamental value, the price is generally low, and the consumption of ordinary people is also large, but the breeding speed is fast and the feeding cost is relatively high. In recent years, due to the rapid reproduction of snapping turtles, there have been problems of oversupply and unsalable sales, and the breeding benefits have declined.

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Breeding purpose

Crocodile turtle is the best among many turtle species in the world, and it is famous for its highest meat production rate (85% ~ 89%). Its meat is tender and crisp, and its nutritional value far exceeds that of pig, beef and mutton. It is full of treasures, and its meat, liver, gallbladder, blood and bones have many medicinal and health-care functions. Soft and smooth leather can be used to make expensive leather handbags and wallets. Therefore, it will be promising to actively develop crocodile turtle breeding. At present, the price per kilogram of snapping turtle is the highest 800 yuan ~ 1000 yuan, which is not available yet.

Introduction of Green Culture Technology

In order to adapt to the consumption trend of people's favor for green food, the new technology of green breeding of snapping turtles is introduced as follows: 1. The turtle pond is built in a secluded place with convenient water source, no pollution and convenient transportation. Its shape is suitable for cement plastering ponds with rectangular arc angles in the east-west direction or earth ponds with the same shape but with external escape walls, and each pond covers an area of tens to hundreds of square meters; Pool depth 1.2m ~ 1.5m, water depth 30cm ~ 80cm. The slope of the bottom of the pond is 10 ~ 16 from north to south, and the lowest part is provided with a drainage pipe with an escape prevention net cover; The pool angle is smooth and arc-shaped, and it is covered with an escape prevention plate; There is an escape wall around Guitang, which is 1 m high. A door is left on one side of the wall, and an escape prevention plate (T-shaped escape prevention wall) can be added on the top of the wall. A jack with a diameter of 2 cm ~ 3 cm should be set at the top of the peripheral escape wall every 0.6 m or so. Several overflow holes are reserved on the highest water level line of the outdoor cement pool wall. There are alkaline substances in the newly-built cement pool. The wall and bottom of the pond can be scrubbed with 10% glacial acetic acid, and then soaked with water for 1 ~ 2 days. After release, the alkali can be eliminated again in the same way, and then washed with clean water and injected with new water. Before raising soft-shelled turtles, the whole pond was sprayed with15×10-6 ~ 20×10-6 bleaching powder or 1× 10-6 "strong chlorine essence" for disinfection, and it could be released after two days. In order to prevent heatstroke, increase shelter and purify water quality, plants such as water peanuts and water hyacinths should be planted in the pool, and the area should not exceed1/4 ~1/3 of the total area of the pool; You can also set up scaffolding and use climbing plants to shade the sun to form an artificial bionic green environment. In addition to the above general conditions, it is an important measure to artificially create the best growth temperature for snapping turtles. At low temperature, the water (gas) of the smokeless boiler is heated to keep the turtle pond water at about 30℃ and the air temperature at about 365438 0℃; Using automatic temperature controller and electric heating device can also realize constant temperature intensified feeding. 2. Adopting high-density green culture in turtle breeding is a new technology with high efficiency, and it is also an inevitable trend of turtle breeding development. Its initial stocking density (about 200g/ animal) is 24 ~ 27 animals /m2, and it should be about 5kg/m2 by weight. But with the rapid growth of snapping turtles, attention should be paid to reducing the density in time. When the average specification reaches 350g/piece to 400g/piece, it should be reduced to 20 pieces/square meter to 22 pieces/square meter; When the average scale reaches 500g/ head, it can be stocked at 15 heads /m2 ~ 17 heads /m2; 600g/ piece, stocking at 12 pieces /m2 ~ 14 pieces /m2; 700g/ hour should be 10 /m2 ~ 12/m2; 800g/ hour is 8-9 pieces /m2. 3. It is recommended to use SDG special green compound feed for snapping turtles (protein content is above 48%). When preparing, the ingredients are weighed on the spot, and 5% ~ 10% and 45% of the total weight of the ingredients are added with clear water to make long granules with a particle size of 2 mm ~ 3 mm If possible, it can be made into floating puffed granular feed with better effect. The feeding amount of compound feed is 1.5% ~ 2.5% of the total weight of snapping turtles, and 5% ~ 10% of fresh feed. Feed it three times a day at 6: 00 ~ 7: 00, 12 ~ 13, 17 ~ 18 respectively. Feed more evenly and try to make the feed make a sound when it enters the water. Don't concentrate on one place and cause piles of feed. The number of feed tables in each pool should be determined according to the size of the pool, generally 3 ~ 4 per square meter. Four. Water quality adjustment In view of the fact that turtle has more food intake and excreta and higher water temperature under intensive high-density culture conditions, even if the feed is green, it will pollute the water body quickly, and it is easy to produce more harmful substances, especially H2S, which is more harmful. By spraying and applying photosynthetic bacteria on the bottom, the water quality can be effectively improved and harmful substances can be reduced. Every time the new pond is filled with water, photosynthetic bacteria are applied simultaneously:10×10-6 ~15×10-6; Changing water is also an effective way to adjust water quality. The water depth of about 20 cm can be changed once a day, and the water depth of 30 cm can be changed once every two days. Don't change the water for a few days, and don't let it stink. Quicklime can be sprayed once every 7 days ~ 10, and the concentration is 70× 10-6. It is intended to be applied cross with photosynthetic bacteria and cannot be used at the same time. V. Water temperature control The scientific control of water temperature directly affects the weight gain and survival rate of adult turtle breeding. Under the long-term conditions of 65,438+08℃ ~ 20℃, the growth rate of snapping turtle is several times slower than the optimum growth water temperature of 30℃ ~ 365,438+0℃. Therefore, the water temperature for raising soft-shelled turtle must be kept between 30℃ and 365438 0℃. On the other hand, when the turtle pond that is changing water or exposed to the outside encounters bad weather such as heavy rain or sudden change of temperature, preventive measures should be taken in time to avoid water temperature fluctuation greater than 2℃ as far as possible. VI. Disease Prevention and Control Crocodile turtles are generally less ill, but they are prone to indigestion under high-density farming conditions. Sick turtles can be fed with drug bait containing multi-enzyme tablets (2 tablets per kilogram of turtles). Traumatic diseases can be disinfected with iodine tincture cotton wool and cured in 2 ~ 4 days after applying Xiaoyan Shengji ointment.

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Are the big snapping turtle and the small snapping turtle the same species? Literally, it is easy to misunderstand that the little snapping turtle is the next generation of the big snapping turtle, or that the same species-snapping turtle is called the big snapping turtle and the little snapping turtle according to certain body standards, but it is not. Cancer and tortoise and snake juice. They are two different species, namely crocodile shirt, crocodile shirt and crocodile shirt, and crocodile shirt is divided into four subspecies. They are: 1) Acutirostis South American snapping turtle, also known as fake snapping turtle; 2) osceola Florida snapping turtle, which can grow to 17 inch and weigh 45 pounds; 3)rossignonii Chinese and American snapping turtles, also known as snapping turtles; 4)serpentina North American snapping turtle, also known as kowtowing turtle. Mainly distributed in North and Central America, especially in the southeastern United States. China is mainly imported from Florida, USA. Except a few large crocodiles, most of them are small crocodiles. At present, they are distributed in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Shandong and Sichuan. How to distinguish these two varieties? The main difference between a big snapping turtle and a small snapping turtle is that its back shield is prominent. With the growth of age, the big snapping turtle is always remarkable. The upper jaw of snapping turtle looks like an eagle's beak and has a big hook. It has many tentacles on its head, neck and abdomen. Its shell has three raised longitudinal ridges, which are brown. Each shield has a protrusion, a brown abdomen, a shield on the top and a long tail. It has a wormlike appendage at the bottom of its mouth. It often lies in the water with its mouth open and uses it to lure nearby fish. The upper jaw of a small snapping turtle looks like a hook, but the hook is very small, with only a few tentacles. The back nail is brown or dark brown with three longitudinal ridges. The rib shield is slightly raised, and the ridge gradually wears away with time. The upper abdomen is gray, without edge shield, and the tail is slightly shorter. The most striking feature is that there is a serrated ridge on the back of the tail, also called the tail spine. The main difference between a big snapping turtle and a small snapping turtle is that its back shield is protruding. With the increase of age, the big snapping turtle is always more obvious, while the young snapping turtle is more obvious in its infancy, but less so in its adult stage.