How to fertilize red grapes? Remember these points!

Red grapes have developed rapidly in recent years, with a large planting area.

However, most new fruit farmers do not know how to apply fertilizer, so the effect of fertilization is not good.

To this end, the following fertilization techniques are proposed for reference only.

1. Characteristics and rules of fertilizer requirement of red grapes

The main characteristics of fertilizer requirement are: large amount of fertilizer and large amount of potassium.

Red grapes have strong growth potential, lush foliage and large ears and large grains.

Data show that its fertilizer requirement is equal to 1.5-2 times that of pears and apples, and its potassium requirement is equal to 1.7 times that of pears and 2.25 times that of apples.

The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium required for red grapes is 1: (0.7-1): 1.5 for saplings and 1: (0.5-1): 2 for mature trees.

Rule of fertilizer requirements: Although red grapes can absorb various elements within a year, they absorb more nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and other elements, and the amounts absorbed in different periods are also different. Each is different.

For example, nitrogen absorbs 12.9% of the total annual amount during the budding stage and 51.6% during the flowering stage, that is, half of the annual amount absorbed before the flowering stage.

In the early stage, nitrogen is mainly provided by applying basal fertilizer in the autumn of the previous year and applying nitrogen fertilizer before and after germination. In the later stage, nitrogen is mainly provided by appropriate topdressing of nitrogen fertilizer and foliar spraying.

The absorption of phosphorus by grape plants begins when the sap flows in spring, and gradually increases with the growth of branches and leaves, flowering, and fruit enlargement. The absorption and consumption reach the peak during the peak growth period of new shoots and the fruit enlargement period. .

Grapes require less phosphorus than both nitrogen and potassium, generally 50% of nitrogen and 42% of potassium.

The absorption of potassium by grapes continues from germination until fruit maturity, and the absorption is more during the flowering period and the berry growth and expansion period.

The absorption of calcium starts from the flow of sap, increases from less to more, and reaches its peak during the fruit coloring period.

2. Red grape fertilization technology

When fertilizing red grapes, fruit farmers have "two heavy and four light" (that is, heavy nitrogen, heavy phosphorus, light organic, light potassium, and light calcium) , slight) fertilization misunderstandings.

Correct application method:

(1) Apply more organic fertilizer.

Saplings are required to apply basal fertilizer from September to October every year. More than 2,000kg of organic fertilizer should be applied per acre, and more than 5,000kg should be applied to mature trees.

(2) Apply more potassium fertilizer.

Apply about 40kg of potassium sulfate per acre for young trees every year, and about 100kg for mature trees.

(3) Apply more calcium fertilizer appropriately.

It is required to spray Calcium or amino acid calcium 2-3 times in the middle and late stages of fruit growth.

(4) Pay attention to micro-fertilization.

Although the demand for trace elements such as iron, boron, zinc and amino-oligosaccharides is not large, they directly affect the improvement of yield and quality. Micro-fertilizers should be sprayed 4 to 5 times during the growth period. Second-rate.

In addition, fertilizer should be applied according to growth needs.

From the budding to flowering stage, nitrogen, zinc and boron should be applied mainly, supplemented by phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, etc.; from the young fruit to the color turning stage, phosphorus and potassium should be applied mainly, with nitrogen as the supplement. Supplementary; during the berry expansion to maturity stage, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus should be applied mainly, supplemented by nitrogen; in September to October after fruit picking, base fertilizer should be applied, which should be organic fertilizers such as sheep manure, chicken manure, and oil residue. Mainly, supplemented by potassium sulfate type three-element chemical fertilizer.