1, Angiography: It is the most widely used and reliable diagnostic method at present. Different imaging methods can be selected according to different conditions of patients.
① Venography: generally, anterograde veins of limbs are made. It is closely related to the choice of treatment methods to determine the direction of superficial veins of limbs, understand the degree of lesions and the place where they flow into normal veins, and determine whether there are abnormalities and patency of deep veins. When anterograde venography can not accurately understand the function of deep vein valve, retrograde venography can be considered.
② Arteriography: It can be used to determine whether there are arterial malformations or arteriovenous fistulas in limbs. When the contrast agent quickly enters the venous system or shows dense vascular tree changes in rapid photography, the location, degree and scope of arteriovenous fistulas can be determined, providing accurate basis for treatment.
③ Lymphangiography: Indirect lymphangiography can clearly show the thickened lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs, and the contrast agent is stagnant in series until it stops at the root of the thigh. This kind of angiography is feasible for those who suspect lymphatic reflux disorder and can make a definite diagnosis.
2. Color Doppler ultrasound examination: it is a non-invasive examination, which can clearly understand the shape of deep and shallow veins, whether there is vascular malformation or absence of deep veins, and can understand venous reflux and venous valve function.
3. Isotope examination: We can know veins and lymphatic vessels, but sometimes there may be misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.