Broad beans

("Materia Medica for Famine Relief")

Synonyms: Buddha beans ("A Brief Note on Yibu Prescriptions"), Hu Beans ("Compendium"), South beans ("Menghua Prefecture Chronicles"), purslane ("Taiwan Plant List"), vertical beans, fairy beans, cold beans, bay beans, Luofan beans ("Chinese Medicinal Plants"), summer beans ("Chinese Medicinal Plants") Commonly used Chinese herbal medicines in Shanghai").

The source is the seeds of the leguminous plant broad bean.

Plant form: broad bean

Annual herb, completely hairless, 30 to 180 cm tall. The stem is upright, unbranched, square, hollow, with vertical stripes on its surface. Even-numbered pinnate compound leaves are alternate, with large and overcast semi-arrow-shaped stipules on both sides of the petiole base. The apex is pointed, the edge is white and membranous, with sparse serrations, and the lower edge of the base is pointed and ear-shaped; there are 2 to 6 leaflets. Oval or broadly oval or even rectangular, 5 to 8 cm long and 2.5 to 4 cm wide, with a rounded apex, a thin apex, entire margin, and a wedge-shaped base; there are poorly developed narrow linear tendrils in the center of the apical leaflets. Flowers 1 to several, axillary on a very short pedicel; calyx is bell-shaped, hairless, about 1 cm long, with 5 lobes at the apex, the lobes are narrowly lanceolate, and the upper 2 lobes are slightly shorter; the corolla is butterfly-shaped, with white flag petals. , with lavender veins, obovate, about 3.5 cm long, with a rounded apex and a short pointed tip, and a tapered base; the edges of the wing petals are white, with a large black or purple spot in the center, oval, about 1.8 cm long, and the top is rounded , the base is ear-shaped and triangular, with claws on one side; the keel is white-green, triangular and semi-circular, and palm-shaped, about 5 mm long, the base is ear-shaped, with claws on one side; stamens 10, 2; pistils 1. The ovary is hairless and sessile, the style is thin, and there is a cluster of white 1C hairs on the top and back. The pods are oblong, slightly flat, large and plump, 5 to 10 cm long and about 2 cm wide. Seeds are oblong and flat. The flowering period is from March to May.

Usually cultivated in fields or beside fields. It is cultivated in most parts of the country.

The stems (broad bean stems), leaves (broad bean leaves), flowers (broad bean flowers), pod shells (broad bean pod shells), and seed coats (broad bean shells) of this plant are also used for medicinal purposes. strip.

Collect the whole plant when the pods are mature and dark brown in summer, dry them in the sun, lay the seeds, and then dry them in the sun.

Chemical composition: The seeds contain 0.5% nestantine, 28.1-28.9% protein, phospholipids, choline, pipecolic acid-2, and phytohemagglutinin. Nestine glycoside is a competitive inhibitor of glucose-6-phosphate and is one of the causes of faba bean yellow disease.

Pharmacological effects: A very small number of people (mostly boys and children) may develop acute hemolytic anemia after eating broad beans or inhaling their pollen. Symptoms include hemoglobinuria, shock, fatigue, dizziness, gastrointestinal disorders and The excretion of urobilin increases; more severe cases include pallor, jaundice, vomiting, low back pain, and weakness. It usually occurs 5 to 24 hours after eating raw broad beans, but sometimes it can also occur after eating fried broad beans. If the pollen is inhaled, the onset will be faster. The cause of faba bean yellow disease is that a small number of people have a congenital biochemical defect, that is, they lack glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in their blood cells, so their reduced glutathione content is also very low. After glycosides invade, hemocyte lysis may occur. Feeding nestine glycoside mixed with food (1%) to rats or chickens can inhibit their natural growth. Some people also believe that in addition to nestine glycosides, there are other factors in broad beans that can cause similar hemolysis.

The root contains 5-hydroxy-uracil, a metabolic antagonist, and 2,6-diamine purine, which can inhibit lactobacilli. This inhibition can be reversed by adenosine; the above substances can It is a carcinogen that depletes bone marrow and damages epithelial cells in the colon and jejunum of dogs and rats. The effect of DAP is not through pentose nucleic acid, but due to interference with the basic metabolic functions of adenosine and guanidine.

Its nature and flavor are sweet and flat.

① "Compendium": "Sweet and slightly pungent, flat, non-toxic."

② Yao Kecheng's "Food Materia Medica": "Sweet and salty, pungent, flat, non-toxic."< /p>

Returns to the spleen and stomach meridians.

①"Materia Medica for Truth": "Enter the spleen and stomach."

②"Materia Medica Renewed": "Heart and Spleen Meridians."

③"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Enter the Taiyin and Yangming Meridians of the hands and feet."

Functions: Invigorating the spleen and diuresis. Treat diaphragmatic food and edema.

①Wang Ying's "Food Materia Medica": "Easy to the stomach and harmonizes the internal organs.

"

② "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Boning the middle and replenishing qi, astringent essence, firming the intestines. "

③"Hunan Medicine Chronicle": "Strengthens the spleen, stops bleeding, and is a diuretic. "

Usage and dosage: Oral administration: decoction or grind into powder. External application: Pound and apply.

Advisable taboos "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "People with sexual stagnation and Qi deficiency should eat it. People have abdominal bloating. "

Selection of prescriptions ① Treat diaphragm: Grind broad beans into powder and eat with brown sugar. ("Guide to Prescriptions")

② Treat water swelling, diuretic and reduce swelling: 1 to 8 liang of Chonghu beans. Take it with stewed yellow beef. Do not use it with spinach ("Compilation of Commonly Used Folk Herbal Medicines") ③ To treat edema: 2 liang of broad beans, 2 liang of winter melon peel, decoct in water ("Hunan Medicine").

④ To treat bald sores: pound fresh broad beans into mud and apply it on the sores. If fresh beans are not available, soak them in water and pound them and apply them. ("Secret Recipe Collection" ) Reminder: The Chinese herbal medicine broad bean comes from the Internet, please follow your doctor's advice before use.