Chinese food etiquette knowledge
1, Introduction
With the constant communication between Chinese and western food cultures, Chinese food is not only a traditional eating habit of China people, but also more and more favored by foreigners. However, this seemingly ordinary Chinese restaurant has some exquisite manners when dining. There are six kinds of tableware for Chinese food: cups, plates, bowls, plates, chopsticks and spoons. At a formal banquet, the water glass is placed above the dish and the wine glass is placed on the upper right. Chopsticks and spoons can be placed on special seats or in paper sleeves.
The order of serving Chinese food is generally: cold dishes first, then hot dishes, and finally sweets and fruits. Before eating, the first wet towel that the waiter sends to everyone is for wiping hands, so it's better not to wipe your face with it. At the banquet, when chicken, lobster and fruit are served, sometimes a small water bowl (copper basin, porcelain bowl or crystal glass jar) is served, with rose petals or lemon slices floating on the water for washing hands (someone once mistook it for a drink and made a joke). When washing, wet your fingers with your hands in turn, rinse gently, and then dry with a napkin or a small towel.
2. Division of food and ceremony
In ancient times, the food ceremony was divided into classes: court, government, guild, folk and so on. Modern food ceremony is simplified as: the host (host), the guest is gone. As a guest, pay attention to appearance when going to dinner, and decide whether to bring small gifts or good wine according to the relationship. Punctuality and punctuality at dinner; Upon arrival, first, according to whether you know it or not, report yourself, or be introduced by the host, and follow the arrangement of the host.
Then sit down: this? Hero seating? , is the most important food ceremony in China. Since ancient times, because of the evolution of table furniture, the arrangement of seats has also changed accordingly. Generally speaking, seating? Shang Zuo Zun Dong? ，? Face the gate for honour? . The head of the family banquet is the elder with the highest seniority, and the last seat is the lowest; In family banquets, the chief guest is the most respected guest, and the guest host is the last. The chief can't sit down until he is seated, and he can't start work until he starts work. When patrolling the wine, he respects all the way from the chief in order before drinking.
1. What's more, if someone comes to report, regardless of their status, all the people at the table should go out to meet them.
2. If it is a round table, the host and guest facing the gate are 2, 4 and 6 on the left hand side and 3, 5 and 7 on the right hand side until they meet.
3. If it is a square table, if there is a seat facing the gate, the right seat on the side facing the gate is the host and guest.
4. If it is not facing the gate, the right seat on the east side is the chief. Then the chief sits on the left hand side for 2, 4, 6, 8(8 is opposite), and on the right hand side for 3, 5, 7(7 is directly opposite).
5. If it is a big banquet, the arrangement between tables should pay attention to the top and middle, with 2, 4 and 6 seats on the left and 3, 5 and 7 seats on the right.
6. According to the identity and status of the host and guest, the relatives and friends sit separately.
7. Napkins are mainly used to prevent clothes from getting dirty, and also to wipe oil stains on the mouth and hands.
8. Napkins should be spread out and placed on the thighs at the upper ends of your knees. Do not tie them into a belt or hang them on the neckline of a suit.
9. Never wipe the tableware with a napkin.
10. After the meal, fold the napkin, put it on the dining table and leave the table.
1 1. When you sit down, you should wait until the elders are seated.
12 When drinking soup, it is advisable to scoop less soup for the first time. Test the temperature first and taste it. Don't make any noise when drinking soup.
13. Don't mix the hot soup and blow it with your mouth when drinking soup.
14. Scoop up the soup and don't drink several mouthfuls at a time.
15. After drinking the soup, the spoon should be placed on the soup plate or the dish in the soup cup.
16. You must wait until everyone is seated before using napkins.
17. When dining in a restaurant, the waiter should show you to the table.
18. Juicy fruits such as watermelon and grapefruit should be eaten with spoons.
19. Granular fruits such as grapes can be eaten by hand.
20. Fruits with less juice, such as apples, persimmons and pears, can be cut into four pieces and peeled for food.
2 1. peaches and melons, peeled and sliced, and fed.
22. After taking a seat, keep a correct posture, keep your feet under your seat, do not straighten up at will, do not lean your elbows against the edge of the table, or put your hands on the back of your neighbor's chair.
23. With food in your mouth, you should avoid talking.
24. You must eat with a small mouth, don't stuff it with a big mouth, and you can't stuff it into your mouth before you swallow it.
25. When taking vegetables and scooping soup, you should use public chopsticks and spoons.
26. If you eat imported food, you can't spit it out. For example, you can drink water or juice to take a shower.
27. When sending food to the entrance, the elbows should lean inward, and it is not advisable to open to both sides and touch the neighbor.
28. A good way to eat is to eat the food, not the food. Food with juice should not be rushed into the mouth, otherwise the soup will drip on the tablecloth, which is indecent.
29. Remember to pick out your teeth by hand, use toothpicks and cover them with your hands or handkerchiefs.
30. Avoid coughing, sneezing, sulking and farting at the dinner table. In case you can't help it, you should say? Excuse me? .
3 1. Drink at will, toast with courtesy, and remember to persuade wine, guess boxing and shout.
32. If the tableware falls to the ground, ask the waiter to pick it up.
33. In case of an accident, if you accidentally spill wine, water and soup on other people's clothes, you can apologize, and you don't have to panic to make amends.
34. If you want to take the condiments placed in front of other guests at the same table, please ask the guests next to you to help pass them on, and don't reach across and drive for them.
35. If the host cooks the food himself, don't forget to praise him.
36. If you eat unclean or peculiar smell, you should not swallow it. You should take out the imported food lightly with your thumb and forefinger and put it on the plate. Tell the waiter to change it softly.
37. When eating, if you find that there are insects or gravel in the food you haven't eaten, don't make a fuss. Wait for the waiter to come near and tell him to change it quietly.
38. After eating, the tableware must be placed neatly, not in disorder.
39. After eating, the napkin should be folded and put on the table.
40. It is not advisable to smoke while the staple food is in progress. If you need to smoke, you must first obtain the consent of your neighbor.
4 1. When eating in a restaurant, you can't rush to pay the bill. It's indecent to push and pull for payment. If you are a guest, you can't rob to pay the bill.
42. The speed of eating should be synchronized with the host and hostess, not too fast or too slow.
43. You can't talk about sorrow at the dinner table, otherwise it will affect the happy atmosphere.
44. Don't sit down until the elderly are seated.
45. If there are any ladies at the table, they should wait until the ladies are seated.
46. After a meal, the other guests can leave only after the hostess and the man leave!
Chinese food order? Three advantages and four taboos?
Priority dishes for Chinese food ordering:
1. Dishes with Chinese characteristics. When entertaining foreign guests, we should pay more attention to this one. Such as fried spring rolls, boiled dumplings, steamed dumplings, lion's head, diced chicken with peanuts, etc., are not delicious, but they are highly praised by many foreigners because of their distinctive China characteristics.
2. Dishes with local characteristics. For example, mutton in soup in Xi 'an, braised pork in Maojia, Hunan, stewed lion's head in Shanghai, and instant-boiled mutton in Beijing, when entertaining foreign guests there, I'm afraid these special dishes will be more praised than the same raw seafood.
3. The specialty of this restaurant. Many restaurants have their own specialties. The last special dish of this restaurant can show the host's care and respect for the invited guests.
At the same time, when arranging the menu, we must also consider the dietary taboos of the guests, especially the dietary taboos of the guests.
There are four main taboos for ordering Chinese food:
1, religious dietary taboos, can't be neglected at all. For example, Muslims usually don't eat pork and don't drink alcohol. Buddhists in China eat less meat, which not only refers to meat, but also includes pungent food such as onion, garlic, leek and mustard. Some Buddhists who believe in Guanyin are especially forbidden to eat beef in their diet, which should be paid special attention to when entertaining Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and overseas Chinese compatriots.
2. For health reasons, some foods are also taboo. For example, people with heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, arteriosclerosis, hypertension and sequelae of stroke are not suitable for eating dog meat. People with hepatitis should avoid eating mutton and soft-shelled turtle. People with digestive diseases such as gastroenteritis and stomach ulcer soup are also not suitable for eating soft-shelled turtle. Patients with high blood pressure and high cholesterol should drink less chicken soup.
3. People's dietary preferences are often different in different regions. For this, we should take into account when arranging the menu. For example, people in Hunan Province generally like to eat spicy food and eat less sweets. People in Britain and America usually don't eat pets, rare animals, animal viscera, animal heads and claws. In addition, when entertaining foreign guests, try to eat less hard dishes, and foreigners are less likely to spit out food that has been bitten into their mouths during meals, which also needs to be taken into account.
4. Some professions, for some reason, often have different special taboos in catering. For example, national civil servants are not allowed to eat and be invited when performing official duties, to eat and drink at official banquets, to eat beyond the standards set by the state, and to drink alcoholic beverages. For another example, drivers are not allowed to drink alcohol during work. If you ignore this point, you may make the other party make mistakes.