Rice is a plant of the phylum Angiosperm, class Monocotyledon, subclass Commelina, order Gramineae, family Poaceae, subfamily Oryzae, and genus Oryza.

Rice is a cereal crop of the genus Oryza, and its representative species is Oryza sativa L. (scientific name: Oryza sativa L.). Rice is native to China and India. The ancestors of the Yangtze River Basin in China cultivated rice 7,000 years ago. Rice is divided into indica rice and japonica rice, early rice and mid-late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice according to rice type. According to the seed saving method, it is divided into conventional rice and hybrid rice.

The seeds produced by rice are actually rice. After the rice husk is removed, it is called brown rice. The bran layer of brown rice can be obtained by grinding off the bran layer. Nearly half of the world's population depends on rice as a staple food.