1. Kidney stones less than 0.6cm, you can consider drinking 3000ml of water a day, running and jumping, with stone pellets, antispasmodic and analgesic drugs to help discharge stones, generally can be discharged, but if the lower calyces of the kidney may need to cooperate with the inverted position to assist in the discharge of stones.
2. Kidney stones 0.6-2.0cm, according to the hardness of the stone and the degree of fluid retention, you can choose extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) or ureteroscopic lithotripsy laser lithotripsy (RIRS), the two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, the operation of the ESWL is simple, can be carried out in outpatient clinics, the cost is low, the volume of small hardness of the stone is not good, you can beat the stone into smaller stones. It can break the stones into smaller ones, and then discharge the stones by drinking more water, but for larger and harder stones, ESWL may be generally effective and may need to be performed several times, each time with the best interval of 7-10 days, which undoubtedly increases the pain of the patients; RIRS is a more complicated operation, requiring hospitalization and higher cost, but it has better lithotripsy effect for stones below 2cm, and it can relieve ureteral obstruction in time, relieve pyelonephrosis, prevent renal fluid accumulation, and prevent ureteral obstruction, as well as reduce ureteral obstruction. It can relieve ureteral obstruction, relieve hydronephrosis, and prevent further damage to renal function;
3. For stones larger than 2cm, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) is preferred, and RIRS can also be chosen for some patients; both procedures require hospitalization, but can maximize the removal of stones, alleviate the patient's symptoms, and relieve hydronephrosis.
The basic principle of kidney stone treatment is to relieve acute and chronic symptoms, relieve renal outflow tract obstruction, minimize stone load, or remove stones and treat related complications on the basis of maximizing the protection of renal function and not increasing additional damage; the treatment needs to be based on the patient's general condition, stone size, location, composition, obstruction, and whether it is combined with infection, The treatment needs to be based on the patient's general condition, stone size, location, composition, obstruction, co-infection, degree of hydronephrosis, renal function, as well as the trend of stone recurrence prevention and treatment, etc., to develop a safe and reasonable treatment strategy.