Momordica seed? (Lour。 )Spreng。 ), alias: Momordica charantia (economic flora of China), glutinous rice fruit (estuary of Yunnan), mouse melon, etc. Perennial herbaceous vines with swollen roots. The stem has longitudinal edges; Tendrils are stout, opposite to leaves, solitary and unbranched. Leaves alternate, round to broadly ovoid, 7- 14 cm long, usually 3-lobed or deeply lobed, lobes slightly ovoid or oblong, entire or slightly dentate, nearly heart-shaped at the base, sharp at the top, smooth at the top, densely papillae below, palmately reticulated veins; The petiole is 5- 10 cm long, with longitudinal edges and 2-5 glands in the middle or near the leaves. Flowers are unisexual and hermaphroditic. Often born in gullies, forest margins and roadsides at an altitude of 450- 1 100 meters. Wild in the deep soil of mountain slopes and forest margins. Like warm and plenty of sunshine. Poor growth in cloudy environment. It is distributed in the Yangtze River basin and its south, and also in Indochina Peninsula and India Peninsula. Has the effects of detumescence, resolving hard mass and detoxicating.

morphological character

Bitter gourd seed

Thick vine, long15m, with thick roots; The whole plant is nearly glabrous or slightly pubescent, with occasional villi between nodes.

Petiole stout, 5- 10 cm long, initially sparsely yellowish brown pilose, then nearly glabrous, with 2-4 glands at the base or middle; Leaf blade is ovoid, heart-shaped or broadly ovoid, slightly hard, with length and width of10-20cm, 3-5 middle-split to deep-split or undivided, and the largest middle leaf is obovate or oblong-lanceolate, 6- 10 (- 15) cm long and 3-6 (wide). It is 3-7 cm long and 2-4 cm wide. Its base is heart-shaped, with a semicircular notch at the base, 1.5-2 cm deep and 2.5-3 cm wide, and its veins are palm-shaped. Tendrils are thick, smooth and hairless, and do not split.

Dioecious. Male flowers: solitary in leaf axils or sometimes 3-4 flowers inserted on a very short raceme axis. Pedicel stout, subglabrous, 3-5 cm long. If solitary, the pedicel is 6- 12 cm long with a large bract at the top. Bracts sessile, bag-shaped, kidney-shaped, 3-5 cm long, 5-8 cm wide, emarginate at the top, entire, hairy, slightly concave at the base, pubescent on both sides, slightly rough inside; Calyx tube funnel-shaped, lobes broadly lanceolate or oblong, length12-20mm, width 6-8mm, apex acuminate or acute, pubescent; Corolla yellow, lobes oval, 5-6 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, acute or acuminate at the apex, dentate yellow glands at the base, densely villous glands, two larger outside, three smaller inside and black spots at the base; Stamens 3, 2 with 2 locules, 1 with 1 locule, anthers with 1 inflexed. Female flower: solitary in leaf axils, pedicel 5- 10 cm long, with a bract in the middle; Bracts bag-shaped, 2 mm long and 2 mm wide; Corolla and calyx are male flowers; Ovary ovoid oblong, about 65438 0 cm long, densely bristly.

The fruit is ovoid, with a short beak at the top 1, a nearly round base and a length of 12- 15 cm. It is red and fleshy when it matures, with densely growing spikes of 3-4 mm. Most seeds are oval or square, dark brown after drying, with a length of 26-28 mm, a width of 18-20 mm, a thickness of 5-6 mm, serrated edges and slightly arched sides. The flowering period is from June to August, and the fruiting period is from August to June. ?

Medicinal value

Drug introduction

Bitter, slightly sweet, cool; Toxic.

Meridian tropism belongs to liver, spleen and stomach meridians.

Bitter gourd seed

Function: It is mainly used for dispersing stagnation, reducing swelling, attacking toxin and treating sores. Can be used for treating sore, swelling, mastitis, furuncle, hemorrhoid, tinea, and alopecia.

Usage and dosage 0.9-1.2g; Appropriate amount is externally applied, ground into powder, and coated with oil or vinegar.