Hyperthyroidism is a clinical syndrome characterized by the enhancement of thyroid function due to toxic diffuse goiter, inflammation, virus infection, tumor, heredity and other factors, which leads to excessive secretion of thyroxine, resulting in increased excitability and hypermetabolism of nervous, circulatory and digestive systems.

once hyperthyroidism is diagnosed, if it is not treated or treated properly, the condition will continue to worsen, causing serious complications, such as thyroid crisis, high fever (above 39°C), rapid pulse (14-24 beats/min), fidgety, sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness and coma, which will induce arrhythmia, heart failure, pulmonary edema and coma in severe cases.

The occurrence of hyperthyroidism is generally slow, and a few patients will have acute onset after obvious mental trauma, pregnancy and infection. In mild or early stage, the symptoms are not too obvious, and there may be manifestations such as nervousness, emotional excitement, fatigue, palpitation, weight loss, etc. With the development of the disease, there is an increase in nerve excitability, easy excitement, inattention, anxiety and irritability, hyperactivity and multilingualism, and slight tremor when hands are lifted horizontally and straightened forward.

fear of heat and sweating, warm and moist skin, persistent low fever and tachycardia, which can not be relieved by general drug treatment. There will also be increased systolic blood pressure, increased pulse pressure, overeating, weight loss, fatigue, frequent defecation and shapeless phenomena. The further development of the disease will lead to symmetrical exophthalmos, accompanied by eyelid retraction and ophthalmoplegia. Female patients have menstrual disorder or even amenorrhea, while male patients have impotence and nocturnal emission. When the condition is serious, there will be aggravation of symptoms and hyperthyroidism heart disease.

for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, the following methods are often used according to the severity of thyroid dysfunction and the specific situation of thyroid lesions.

1. Medical treatment includes antithyroid drug therapy, adjuvant therapy and life therapy of strengthening nutrition. Thiourea compounds are the main antithyroid drugs, and propranolol, reserpine and other symptomatic treatments are the main auxiliary treatments. In life, proper rest, adequate intake of nutrition and calories, and attention should be paid to avoiding mental stimulation and excessive fatigue, and avoiding iodized salt and vegetables with high iodine content such as kelp, laver and seaweed.

2. Surgical treatment is mainly to remove part of thyroid tissue or other adenomas that cause hyperthyroidism, so as to reduce the thyroid hormone secreted by the thyroid gland and achieve therapeutic effect.

3. Isotope therapy mainly uses radioactive iodine to destroy thyroid tissue to achieve therapeutic effect.