1. Huan Wen Biography Translation
The Book of Jin Volume 98 Biography of Huan Wen: Huan Wen led an army to the north and passed through the east of Chang 'an (the ancient hegemony, namely Xianyang). "All the people who lived in the city were blocked and resumed their business, and those who welcomed the wine in the road were 189, and aged person cried and said,' I don't want to see the official army again today'"! This refers to the Central Plains people under the rule of Jin people.
After Huan Wen's northern expedition from Jiangling, he "crossed Huaisi, practiced the northern territory, boarded a flat building with his subordinates, and looked out at the Central Plains, and said generously,' Therefore, the Shenzhou land sank, and Wang Yifu and others had to shoulder their responsibilities'". (The Book of Jin, Volume 98, Biography of Huan Wen). Here, Huan Wen's criticism of Wang Yifu is used to reprimand those in power in the Southern Song Dynasty for making the Central Plains fall and failing to recover. Through the above-mentioned powerful arguments, I pointed out: "If you count Wan Li, your fame is the truth, and you know whether it is true or not." "Rong" is one of the general names of ethnic minorities in ancient China. This refers to the golden man. Xin Qiji lived in a secluded place in Daihu, and raised such a serious political issue as "Pingrong Wan Li", which not only showed his expectation for Hannanjian, but also showed his concern for state affairs because he was in the Jianghu.
Huan Wen, the great master of the state of Jin, said, "Even if it can't last forever, it will remain immortal."
Source: Biography of Huan Wen in the Book of Jin (Biography of Huan Wen in Book of Jin, volume 98) "It can't last forever, and it's not enough to be remembered forever!" 2. Kneel for
Xie An (32-385), who was born in Yangxia, Chen Jun (now Taikang, Henan).
Great-great-grandfather Xie Kun, Cao Wei was a corps commander in Chang 'an Diannong at that time (according to Luo Zhenyu's "Four Editions of Munro's Tomb"? Addendum "received" Xie Fujun Shinto "); Grandfather Xie Heng was a well-known Confucian in the Western Jin Dynasty. He was "well informed" and "distinguished by Confucianism". He served as a civil servant such as a doctor offering wine, a prince with little wealth, and a regular servant on horseback. Father Xie Mao (as a compliment) took his family to the south during the Yongjia Rebellion, and served as an assistant in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and an official minister.
Xie An comes from such a famous family. Influenced by his family since childhood, he has a good accomplishment in virtue, knowledge and manners. When he was four years old, Huan Yi, a famous person in Qiaoxian County, saw him with great admiration, and said, "This son has a beautiful spirit, and he should not be reduced to Wang Donghai (that is, Wang Cheng, a famous person in the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty)."
Wang Dao, the prime minister at that time, also attached great importance to Xie An, who had enjoyed a high reputation in the upper class since he was a teenager. However, Xie An doesn't want to hunt for high officials and high salaries by virtue of his birth and fame.
First, the Eastern Jin court recruited him to the Situ House, and then appointed him as an assistant writer, which was rejected by Xie An on the pretext of illness. Later, Xie An, who refused to * * *, simply lived in seclusion in Dongshan, Huiji, and made frequent friends with celebrities and monks such as Wang Xizhi, Xu Xun and Zhi Daolin. When he went out, he swam in the mountains and rivers, and when he entered, he sang songs and enjoyed traveling in the mountains with prostitutes, but he just didn't want to be an official.
Yu Bing, who was the secretariat of Yangzhou at that time, admired Xie An's reputation and repeatedly ordered county officials to urge him. Xie An had no choice but to summon him. Only after more than a month, he resigned and returned to Huiji.
Later, the imperial court called for it many times, but Xie An still refused. This aroused the dissatisfaction of many ministers and accused Xie An one after another. Therefore, the court made a decision to imprison Xie An for life, and was pardoned by the emperor.
However, Xie An was dismissive and took it calmly. Although Xie An repeatedly refused to go out of the mountain, the literati at that time placed great expectations on him, so that people often said, "If Xie Anshi refuses to go out, what will it be like?" His wife Liu is a celebrity Liu? My sister, seeing that Xie Shang, Xie Yi, Xie Wan and others in the Xie family are all in high positions, only Xie An can't retire. She once said to Xie An, "Shouldn't my husband be like them?" Xie An covered his nose and replied, "I'm afraid it's inevitable."
Sure enough, Xie Wan was deposed in the third year of Shengping (AD 359), which finally forced Xie An to enter the official career. Xie Wan Zi Wan Shi, Xie An's younger brother.
He is not as skillful as Xie An, but he is also very talented and good at showing off himself. He became famous at a young age and had a successful career. In the second year of Shengping (358), Xie Yi, Xie An's brother, died, and Xie Wan was appointed as the Western Army Commander, supervising the military affairs of the four states, including Henan, Hebei and Sizhou, and concurrently serving as the secretariat of Yuzhou.
however, he is not the material for unified combat. When he was appointed to the northern expedition in October of the third year of Shengping, he was still a celebrity, and he only cared about singing and singing, but he didn't know how to appease the Sui people. Xie An was very worried about his younger brother's behavior, and advised him: "As a marshal, you should always hand over generals to please the hearts of all the people.
How can you be so proud of your birthday? " Xie Wan then summoned the generals, trying to comfort them. Unexpectedly, this usually talkative talker couldn't even say a word of comfort. He held back for a long time and simply pointed to the generals present with his iron wishful thinking and said, "All the generals are strong soldiers."
being so * * * contemptuous not only failed to comfort the generals, but made them more resentful. Xie An was helpless, so he had to replace Xie Wan, and personally visited the generals below the team commander one by one, trying to comfort them and asking them to try their best to help Xie Wan.
But it didn't save Xie Wan from failure. Xie Wan led the army to reinforce Luoyang, but before he fought the enemy, his foot soldiers were frightened and collapsed.
Xie Wan fled alone in a mess. The soldiers were going to kill him, but they didn't do it for Xie An's sake. Xie Wan, who lost the battle, was soon dismissed as Shu Ren.
Xie Yi died of illness and Xie Wan was abolished, which greatly threatened the power of Xie's family. In the fourth year of Shengping (36), Huan Wen, the general of the western expedition, invited Xie An to be the Sima under his account, and Xie An accepted.
This was originally a very common thing, but after the news came out, it caused a sensation in the government and the public. When he left for Jiangling, many courtiers came to see him off. Zhong Cheng Gao Song sarcastically said, "Qing has repeatedly violated the will of the imperial court and lived in seclusion in Dongshan. People often say,' An Shi refuses to come out, and it will be like nothing! Now the whole life will be like Qing He!' "And Xie Anyi but don't mind.
Huan Wen was very excited when he got Xie An. Once after Xie An left, Huan Wen proudly said to his servants, "Have you ever seen me have such a guest before?" The first year of Xian 'an (371) was a crucial year for the Eastern Jin court. Huan Wen, a powerful minister, wanted to make contributions to the Central Plains to improve his reputation, but he was defeated in the First World War.
in order to regain his fame, he took Chi Chao's advice and deposed Sima Yi in the first year of Xian 'an, and made Sima Yu, the king of Huiji, emperor for Jian Wendi. At this time, Xie An has served as an assistant, and soon he was promoted to the official department minister.
He is well aware of Huan Wen's ambition, and he knows that Jian Wendi is not much better than deposed Sima Yi, but the level of talking is slightly higher, but he is still loyal to the court and tries his best to prevent Huan Wen's attempt to usurp power from succeeding. In the second year of Xian 'an (372), Jian Wendi, who ascended the throne less than a year ago, died in fear. Prince Sima Yao acceded to the throne for filial piety.
Huan Wen, who was expecting that Jian Wendi would abdicate the throne to himself before he died, was disappointed. On the grounds of going to Beijing to pay homage to Jian Wendi, he led an army outside Jiankang City in February of the first year of Ningkang, and prepared to kill the minister in order to succeed. He ambushed soldiers in the new pavilion in advance and ordered to summon Xie An and Wang Tanzhi.
At that time, people in Beijing were in a panic, and Wang Tanzhi was very scared. He asked Xie An what to do. Xie An said calmly, "Jin You's life and death depend on this line."
Wang Tanzhi crustily skin of head and went out of town with Xie An to camp in Huan Wen. He was so nervous that he got all his clothes wet and held the board upside down. Xie An took a leisurely seat, and then said to Huan Wen with a smile on his face: "I heard that there are princes stationed in all directions, so why should Ming Gong ambush his soldiers behind the scenes?" Huan Wen had to awkwardly ordered the removal of the ambush.
Because of Xie An's wit and composure, Huan Wen never dared to lay hands on them, and soon returned to Gu Who. The imminent crisis was calmly resolved by Xie An.
In March of the same year, Huan Wen was seriously ill. After returning to my aunt, I became ill. 3. The full-text translation of Lu Na's biography of the Book of Jin
The original text contains the words and ancestors. Few qing., chastity and perfection. ..... General county, first to the aunt who (1) resigned from Huan Wen, because asked Wen: "How many drinks can you drink when you get drunk?" How much meat do you eat? " Wen said, "When you are old, you will get drunk if you drink three liters, but the white meat is only ten cups. What is your reply? " Na said, "You can't drink it, only two liters, and meat is not enough." After waiting for a leisurely time, he said, "There is a little courtesy outside, and Fang Shouyuan wants to get drunk with the public to show his affection." Wen Xinran accepted it. When Wang Tanzhi, DiaoYi sitting. And the gift, only a bucket of wine, venison? (3), sit guest startled. Na Xu said, "Ming Gong (4) drank three liters near the cloud, but he can only drink two liters. Now there is a bucket to prepare for the cup." Warm to the guests and sigh at their rate, but also set a fine meal in the Chinese kitchen and drink it with great joy. To the county, not subject to salary. In a moment, I paid tribute to Zuo Min's ministers and led the state to zhongzheng. Put * * *, outside ⑥ Bai Yi in a few boats, and said, "Private slaves ⑥ bring food, and there is nothing more to ask." Coming, only being? Just, the rest and sealed to return to the official. ..... Xie An tried to be satisfied, but Na Shu had nothing to do. His brother and son? Dare not ask, it is a secret. When I arrived, I was satisfied with the tea fruit. ? Therefore, Chen Sheng-zhuan was ashamed to finish his work. After the guest stopped, Na was furious and said, "You can't just benefit your father and uncle, but you are evil in my career!" So forty of the staff.
(selected from the Book of Jin? Biography of Lu Na)
Notes
① Aunt: dangtu county, Maanshan City, Anhui Province. (2) meat: cut into small pieces. ③? : the same as "disk". ④ Ming Gong: Used as an honorific title for a famous person in the old days. ⑤ sháo: wine glasses and scoops. They are all wine vessels. Yu Li: leftover wine. ⑥ External: refers to the petty officials and officers in the government. ⑦ Private slaves: slaves kept privately for use in ancient times. 8 Suye: Innocent conduct.
translation
Lu Na, the word ancestor said. I have a noble moral integrity since I was a child, and I am honest and serious, surpassing the average person. ..... Luna will go to the county to take office, first to say goodbye to Huan Wen and ask Huan Wen, "How much wine can you drink to get drunk? How much meat do you eat? " Huan Wen replied, "When you get old, you will get drunk after drinking three liters, and the white meat is only ten yuan. How about you? " Luna said: "I have never been able to drink alcohol. I can only drink two liters, not to mention meat." Later, when Huan Wen was free, he said to him, "I have prepared a small gift. I will work in a distant county and want to get drunk with you to show my affection." Huan Wen expressed his willingness to accept it. Wang Tanzhi and Diao Yi were present at that time. When waiting for the gift, there was only a bucket of wine and a plate of venison, which surprised all the guests present. Lu Na said slowly, "Ming Gong recently said that I can drink three liters, and I can only drink two liters. Now there is a bucket of wine in case there is wine left in the cup." Huan Wen and all the guests present praised his simplicity. Huan Wen also ordered the chef to prepare delicious food, and everyone had a good drink before it was over. After Luna arrived in the county, she didn't accept salary. Soon, Lu Na was called up to be Zuomin Shangshu, and led the state to lead Zhongzheng. When he was about to leave for his post, the official asked for several boats to transport his luggage. Lu Na said, "The servants at home have shipped food, so there is no need to prepare a boat." When I left, I only had quilts and clothes, and the rest of the items were sealed and returned to the government. ...... Xie An once wanted to visit Lu Na, but Lu Na was completely 4. The translation of the classic Chinese version of The Book of Jin. The biography of Heng Yi
(Wang) is a brilliant story, and Beihai dramatist is also famous. A knowledgeable and good art of war, with a strong attitude, never cares about the details, never participates in the divine contract, and has nothing to do with traffic. Therefore, a flashy man laughs at it with salt and light. Fierce and carefree, not caring about crumbs. If you travel less in Yedu, you will rarely know each other. But Xu Tong was surprised by it and called it Gongcao. Escape and should not, then hidden in Huayin Mountain. Huai Zuo Shi's ambition, the Lord of Xi Long Yan. Fold your wings and wait for time, and then move after the storm. When Huan Wen entered the customs, he was suddenly exposed. When he talked about contemporary affairs, he was like nobody's watching. When asked about it, he asked, "I am instructed by the son of heaven to lead a sharp division of 1, soldiers, and my staff is righteous to fight against it, so as to rid the people of the thieves, but the heroes of the Three Qin Dynasties have not arrived. What?" He said fiercely, "The public is not far away for thousands of miles, and people are deeply involved in the territory. Chang 'an is just a stone's throw away, so the people will not come." Wen Moran, no reward. Wen Zhi will return, give fierce chariots and horses, and thank the high officials for their supervision and protection. Please stay with the south. When he rushed back to the mountain to consult his teacher, he said, "Are Qing and Huan Wen in harmony? I can be rich here, what is far away? " Fierce is the only way to stop.
Fu Jian is going to have great ambitions, and he is famous for it. He sent Lu Po Lou to recruit him, and once he saw it, he would be like a lifetime. Words and waste events, different symbols and contracts, if Liu Bei meets Kong Ming. And strong usurpation, with fierce as assistant minister of Chinese books. At that time, many people who were flat and headed west were arrogant and full of robbers, so they turned fierce to make a flat order. Get out of the car, be clear about the law and impose severe punishment, observe good and evil, and forbid restraint and strength. Whip to kill a collector, the people wrote to the lawsuit, and the company illegally played, and the sill car was levied on Tingwei. I asked him personally, saying, "It's cool to be a political body, to put morality first, and to kill countless people after a few days in office!" He said fiercely, "Slay Ningguo with courtesy, and govern the chaotic state with law. Your majesty is not a minister but a talent, and he is a minister to play the city. I would like to eliminate the fierce cunning for the Ming monarch. At the beginning, I killed a traitor, and there are still thousands more. If I can't be poor and disabled, I will eliminate the law, and I dare not be reconciled to the tripod. I didn't dare to accept the punishment of cool politics. " Jian said to the ministers, "Wang Jing is a little solid, and he is also the son of Yiwu." So forgive it. Qian Shangshu Zuo Cheng, Xianyang Neishi and Jing Zhaoyin. A few days later, in addition to the official department of Shangshu and Prince Zhan, he moved to Shangshu's left servant to shoot, to assist the generals of the country, to be a captain of the official department, to ride a captain, and to stay in the center. When he was thirty-six years old, he moved five years old, and he was in power both inside and outside, and all his old ministers were spoiled. Qiu Teng, the minister of history, and Xi Bao, the prime minister's long history, destroyed it several times, which made him furious. He became Gan Song's guardian army and made his collar a long history. After that, I took salty clothes up and down, so I didn't dare to speak. In a moment, he moved to Shangshuling, Prince Taifu, and added a regular servant. Violent frequency table tired, firm but not allowed. I turned to Stuart and recorded the history, and I remained the same. Violent words are futile, no worship.
(selected from the Book of Jin? Biography of Wang Meng, abridged)
[Note] ① Prison summons: prison where prisoners are held ② Theater: a chaotic and intractable county. (3) tripod: an ancient form of torture, in which people were cooked with a tripod. ④ Yiwu, Zi chan: Yiwu, a statesman of the State of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong, whose name was Yiwu, and his word was Zhong; Zi chan, a politician in the Spring and Autumn Period, had a compound surname of Gongsun, a famous overseas Chinese, and the word Zi chan.
[Classical Chinese Reading Reference Translation]
Wang Meng, with simple words and graceful manners. He is knowledgeable and likes reading art books. Cautious and solemn, serious and resolute, generous and verve, trivial matters can not interfere with his thinking. If you don't know him very well and hit it off, he basically doesn't associate with others. So flashy people despise and laugh at him. He is carefree and doesn't mind at all. Wang Meng traveled to Yedu when he was young, and few talented people appreciated him at that time. Only after seeing him, Xu Tong thought he was extraordinary and recruited him as a meritorious service. But he could not avoid * * *, and finally lived in seclusion in Huayin Mountain. He cherished the ambition of saving the world, hoping to meet the monarch who created the imperial industry. He restrained his talents, waited for the time to change and came out when the time was right. After Huan Wen entered the customs, Wang Meng went to see him in a coarse linen blouse, talking about the current situation and catching lice. Huan Wen was very surprised when he found out. He asked, "I commanded by heaven to lead 1, elite soldiers, and I just cracked down on rebellion with my staff to wipe out traitors for the people, but the hero of Sanqin didn't come to defect. Why?" Wang Meng replied: "You went deep into the enemy's territory despite thousands of miles away. Chang 'an is close at hand, but you didn't cross the swimming water. The people didn't see your sincerity. That's why you didn't come to join you." Huan Wen was speechless. Huan Wen will move troops soon, give Wang Meng chariots and horses, and appoint him as a senior official supervisor. Please join us.