"I never dreamed that I became a native of Nanjing. The feeling of integration is really good! " Li Yu repeatedly lamented. After working hard in Nanjing, Jiangsu for seven years, she has grown from a frontline worker to a sales manager. The settlement policy of points has made her realize her dream.

The "post-8s" master of economics did not enter the office building after graduation, but chose to return home to farm. In Zhoujiawu Village, Gu 'an County, Hebei Province, in the leisure farm founded by Hu Shidan and his classmate * * *, melons and fruits are fragrant.

cities attract people, while villages attract people. For a big country with a population of nearly 1.4 billion, the prosperity of the country is inseparable from the prosperity of cities and the revitalization of the countryside. "In the process of modernization, how to deal with the relationship between workers and peasants and the relationship between urban and rural areas determines the success or failure of modernization to a certain extent." To do a good job in the great article of rural revitalization strategy, we must take the road of urban-rural integration.

in recent years, China's urbanization process has been promoted in an orderly manner, and cities and villages have moved forward side by side. what opportunities will the integrated development bring to cities and villages? How to realize the new urban-rural relationship? The reporter conducted an investigation and interview.

Look at the current situation-

The flow of development factors has accelerated, cities have opened their doors to the countryside, and the countryside has turned into the "back garden" of cities

"Now there are many opportunities in the city, and as long as you have the skills, your income will definitely be the same!" Chen Yueqin, who is a child-rearing sister-in-law in Wuhan, Hubei Province, is preparing to take the exam as an intermediate nurse. "As soon as this certificate is won, the monthly salary will be 7, yuan."

in dragonfly village, Gaoba town, Liangzhou district, Wuwei city, Gansu province, lavender in full bloom is like a purple sea. Zhang Yuefu, a villager who used to work outside the home, returned to the village and started a farmhouse with friends. "On the first day of opening, 2 tables of guests came, with a turnover of 6, yuan!"

Behind the two "small account books" is the reality of accelerating the flow of talent elements between urban and rural areas. "For a long time, various rural factors have flowed from rural areas to cities in one direction, causing serious' blood loss' in rural areas. If this problem is not solved, rural revitalization and urban-rural integration and development will be impossible." Han Jun, Vice Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that it is necessary to promote the orderly and free flow and equal exchange of urban and rural factors.

Look at talents —— According to the Report on the Monitoring and Investigation of Migrant Workers in 218 released by the National Bureau of Statistics, there were 288 million migrant workers in China last year, including more than 135 million migrant workers. At the same time, the number of entrepreneurs returning home is also increasing. According to the latest data from the National Development and Reform Commission, more than 8 million people have returned to the countryside to start a new chapter in the workplace.

Look at capital-Zeng Yande, director of the Rural Industry Development Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that industrial and commercial capital has become an important force in the development of rural industries in China. At present, industrial and commercial capital has invested more than one trillion yuan in rural industries every year. According to the statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics, in 218, among the private investments in China, the investment in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery increased by 12.4%, and the growth rate was .4 percentage points higher than that of the previous year.

the accelerated flow of factors has brought new vitality to urban and rural development.

at this end of the city, the door is getting bigger and bigger.

stable employment opportunities-at the beginning of this year, Guangdong and Sichuan cooperated for the first time, and opened a free train for returning to work in Guangdong, and more than 1,8 Sichuan migrant workers returned to work smoothly after the holiday. Organize recruitment and build an information platform ... The "Spring Breeze Action" in various places actively provides services for the employment and entrepreneurship of migrant workers. Nowadays, migrant workers account for more than half of the employment in the tertiary industry, and take-away, express delivery and domestic service have become new positions for cities to absorb migrant workers' employment.

the threshold for settlement is lowered-in Xining, Qinghai, migrant workers can "rent a house to settle down"; In Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, people who serve special hard jobs in urban public can get a separate settlement index; In Shandong, the restrictions on urban settlement have been completely abolished ... At present, more than 9 million rural migrants have become urban residents. Last year alone, nearly 14 million people settled in cities.

public service * * * *-"With a residence permit, you can also enjoy the treatment of citizens." Han Lin, who has been working in Jinan, Shandong Province for half a year, is very satisfied with the gold content of the residence permit. Handling annual tickets for the garden, applying for industrial and commercial business licenses, enrolling children, and reimbursing medical insurance ... The basic public service provision mechanism based on residence permit and linked with the length of residence is becoming more and more perfect.

The city of Daimon Masaru is open, and the countryside is changing with each passing day:

The infrastructure is smoother-"You can shop without leaving home, and life is no different from the city!" Tan Zizhuang, a villager from Night Lending Village in Baoding, Hebei Province, enjoys the convenience of online shopping, and his online shop is booming.

Infrastructure such as hydropower network is "seamlessly connected" between urban and rural areas, which narrows the distance between urban and rural areas.

by the end of last year, 99.5% of the established villages in China had access to hardened roads, 99.1% of towns and villages had access to buses, and 95% of the established villages were connected to 4G networks.

The network is more secure-"Thanks to the serious illness insurance." Li Shuanzhu, a villager from Chengguan Town, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia, was hospitalized for rectal tumor. After reimbursement, he only had to pay more than 2, yuan for medical expenses of more than 16, yuan.

in recent years, the construction of a multi-level social security system has been accelerated, and the level of rural social security has been steadily improved. By the end of last year, the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents covered 1.35 billion people, and the minimum standard of basic pension for urban and rural residents was raised from 7 yuan to 88 yuan every month, and 37 million rural students ate free nutritious meals.

the rural environment is more beautiful-"In the past, chickens and ducks were running all over the floor and the toilets were stinking, so how could people stay?" Miao Hua, a villager in Wuli Town, Huai 'an City, Jiangsu Province, lamented that after several years of unified planning, the environment is much cleaner now, and relatives are willing to stay for a few more days when they return home.

According to preliminary statistics, in 218, more than 1 million rural toilets were improved nationwide, and nearly 3% of farmers' domestic sewage was treated. In the past, "garbage was blown by the wind and sewage was evaporated", but now "indoor modernization, outdoor flowers", more and more villages have become the "back gardens" of cities.

Look at opportunities-

Expanding domestic demand will accelerate the release of rural potential; Make up the shortcomings, and the relationship between urban and rural areas will be more coordinated

At present, China is still in the stage of rapid urbanization, and it is still a general trend for farmers to enter cities. Some people ask whether the problem of unbalanced urban and rural development will be solved by developing the city well and allowing farmers to enter the city.

"In modern society, cities and villages cannot exist alone, and their relationship is like a whole person." Chen Xiwen, chairman of the Agriculture and Rural Committee of the National People's Congress, said that cities and villages have different functions, and it is difficult for cities to develop well if the functions of villages are not well played.

so what new functions have been developed in the countryside today?

big consumer market-"A new house has just been built, and home appliances such as color TV, refrigerator and air conditioner are all bought, and the days are getting more and more prosperous." Tan Minyi of Xianan Xiangtang Village, Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi, smiled happily.

Wei Baigang, director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that with the increasing income of rural residents and the further release of rural consumption potential, the rural market has become a bright spot for expanding domestic demand. In the first five months of this year, the national retail sales of rural consumer goods exceeded 2.3 trillion yuan, up 8.9% year-on-year, which was .9 percentage points higher than that of urban consumer goods. Rural e-commerce maintained a rapid growth momentum. According to the Taobao big data platform, food sales increased by 24% in May.

a new world of employment-deep in the white clouds, Dongji Village in Jian 'ou City, Fujian Province has beautiful scenery. Villagers returned to their hometowns to set up ecological breeding cooperatives. Alpine vegetables and native chickens and ducks are popular in the market, with an annual output value of more than 5 million yuan, which drives the annual income of farmers in the village to increase by 2%.

The countryside is a vast world where much can be done, and migrant workers returning home to start businesses are changing from "dotted" to "dotted". Guang Defu, spokesperson of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that by the end of last year, the number of migrant workers in "returning home makers" had reached 5.4 million, accounting for 7%. The economic entities founded by people returning to the countryside have driven the average increase of farmers' operating income by 67%.

He Ming, a white-collar worker in Chengdu, Sichuan, a new industrial base, likes picking. He said, "The fruits picked by hand are delicious. The rural air is fresh and the scenery is eye-catching. At the end of the day, Ba Shi is very comfortable! "

connecting the first, second and third industries in series, rural tourism has become a new growth point of rural industries. According to estimates, in 218, the number of leisure agriculture and rural tourism receptions in the country exceeded 3 billion, and the operating income exceeded 8 billion yuan; The comprehensive planting and breeding area of rice and fishery exceeds 3 million mu; The operating income of staple food processing industry reached 2 trillion yuan ... Nowadays, a number of industries that highlight regional characteristics, reflect rural advantages and have a strong local flavor are growing in rural areas.

from the reality of rural development, solving the imbalance between urban and rural development can not rely solely on promoting urbanization.

With such a set of data, the current sewage treatment rate in cities is 95% and that in rural areas is 22%; The treatment rate of municipal solid waste is 97%, while that in rural areas is only 6%. The number of health technicians per thousand people in cities is 1.9, while that in rural areas is only 4.3.

"The imbalance between urban and rural areas is manifested in the development level of basic public services, the distribution of resources, the provision of capacity and the quality of services. In order to realize the integrated development of urban and rural areas, we must speed up the completion of public services and other shortcomings." Nan Zhou, deputy director of the Development Strategy and Planning Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said.

There are still nearly 6 million people living in rural areas in China. Even if the urbanization rate reaches over 7% in the future, there will be more than 4 million people in rural areas. Han Changfu, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that if there are more and more developed cities on one side and more and more depressed villages on the other, it cannot be regarded as the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the process of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas is a symbolic hard task.

Look at the prospect-

Workers and peasants promote each other, urban and rural areas complement each other, integrate in an all-round way, and realize the "one chess game" of urban and rural development

To realize the integrated development of urban and rural areas, it is urgent to give priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas and speed up the filling of the shortcomings of rural development. Will giving priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas delay the pace of urbanization?

Zhang Hongyu, vice president of Tsinghua University China Rural Research Institute, bluntly said: "Giving priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas does not mean that the pace of urbanization should be slowed down. On the contrary, the priority development of agriculture and rural areas must be promoted in the overall framework of urban-rural integration and development, and a new type of relationship between workers, peasants and urban areas can be realized through "taking cities as the driving force for rural areas", "taking cities as the driving force for rural areas" and "taking industries as the driving force for agriculture".

to play a good game of chess in urban and rural areas, we need more coordination and * * * to advance together.

increase supply-increase capital investment, optimize institutional supply, and provide strong support for the integrated development of urban and rural areas.

in Zhongxian county, Chongqing, 35, mu of citrus forest stretches between green mountains and green waters. As a pilot project for the construction of an idyllic complex, it is planned to invest a total of 3 billion yuan to build a whole industrial chain from "one citrus" to "a glass of orange juice" and then to "a beautiful scenery", so that 22, people will become rich.

support local governments to issue government bonds for public welfare projects of urban-rural integration; Adjust the use scope of land transfer income and increase the proportion of agricultural and rural investment; Innovating the mechanism of providing financial products for small and medium-sized banks and local banks; Incite more social capital investment ... A series of policy "combination boxing", let more real money flow to the countryside.

from p>213 to 217, the national general public budget for agriculture, forestry and water expenditure alone exceeded 8 trillion yuan. In 218, agricultural investment increased by 15.4% over the previous year, and the growth rate was 9.5 percentage points faster than the total investment. "The orderly flow of capital elements between urban and rural areas will add more development momentum to urban-rural integration." Li Guoxiang, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of China Academy of Social Sciences, said.

promote reform-deepen the reform of rural land system and household registration system, which has opened up the blocking point for the integrated development of urban and rural areas.

In Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, Moganshan Town sold the village collective construction land for hotel use at a transaction price of more than 3 million yuan. "This not only solves the problem of enterprise land use, but also allows the village collective to fully enjoy the land value-added dividend." Zhao Jianlong, head of the hotel, said.

handling the relationship between farmers and land is always the main line of rural reform. Zheng Fengtian, a professor at the School of Agriculture and Rural Development of Renmin University of China, said that "stability" is the foundation and "liveliness" is the goal of rural land reform, and the reform of "three plots" such as rural land expropriation and rural collective management construction land entering the market will be promoted, and the scope of land expropriation will be reduced, and urban and rural construction land will have the same rights, so that the sleeping land will glow with new vitality.

The data show that by the end of last year, the "three plots" reform had implemented 1,275 cases and 18, mu of land acquisition in 33 pilot counties (cities, districts) according to the new method; More than 1, plots of collectively operated construction land have entered the market, covering an area of more than 9, mu; Teng withdrew about 14, scattered and idle homesteads, covering 84, mu, and handled 58, mortgage loans for rural houses, amounting to 11.1 billion yuan.

it is the primary task of new urbanization to transfer population from agriculture to citizens. By the end of 218, there were still 226 million urban residents who had not settled in cities, of which 65% were located in cities above prefecture level. Zheng Fengtian said, "To solve the problem of settlement, it is necessary to link large, medium and small cities with small towns."

It is understood that at present, small and medium-sized cities and towns have gradually lifted the restrictions on settlement, and big cities have also planned to relax the conditions for settlement.

strengthen the mechanism-broaden the channels of increasing farmers' income, continuously narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents, and add vitality to the integrated development of urban and rural areas.

"We will switch to high-quality pepper varieties and start the processing project of Chili sauce, and the product value will jump from 15 cents per catty to 1.5 yuan to 15 yuan." In Leizhou, Guangdong Province, Wu Zhide, chairman of the Lvfu Farmers' Professional Cooperative, led 3 members to grow their pockets by planting peppers.

continue to implement the minimum purchase price plan for wheat and rice; Leave the value-added benefits and jobs of the agricultural industrial chain to farmers as much as possible; The joint-stock cooperative system reform of rural operating assets pays dividends to farmers' shares ... A good policy enriches farmers' "money bags".

The data shows that the income ratio of urban and rural residents has dropped from 3.14 times in 27 to 2.69 times in 218. Guoqiang Cheng, a professor at school of economics and management, Tongji University, said, "Keep the good momentum of increasing farmers' income and let them have more sense of gain in the integration of urban and rural development."

by 222, the system and mechanism of urban-rural integration development will be initially established; By 235, the system and mechanism of urban-rural integration development will be more perfect; By the middle of this century, the system and mechanism of urban-rural integration development will be mature and stereotyped.