1. The influence of China's ancient monetary culture on Southeast Asian coins

China coins have a long history, a long history and profound knowledge. China's ancient coin culture has a glorious chapter, and it is a magnificent legacy in the world's coin culture treasure house. It has had a great influence all over the world, especially in Sanhan, Koguryo, Silla, Baekje, Korea, Japan, Ryukyu, Java, Annan, Zhancheng, Siam, Vientiane (Laos), Myanmar and Zhenla (present-day Cambodia). In addition, China coins have been used in Tianzhu, India, Persia, Nepal (present-day Nepal), Daqin (East Rome), Sumatra, Borneo, Luzon (present-day Philippines), Singapore, Malaysia, east indies and other Southeast Asian countries and regions, and have played the role of the world currency, playing an important role and having far-reaching significance. In addition, archaeologists have found traces of China's ancient coins in countries in Central Asia, the two river basins, the Persian Gulf region, the Nile estuary to Somalia, the East African coast, Madagascar to South Africa, Mexico, Nicaragua, Brazil, Peru, Guyana, Chile, the Caribbean region and the West Indies in Central and South America.

Second, the spread and influence of China's traditional culture abroad

After the Han and Tang Dynasties, China's traditional culture, including Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, writing, painting, architecture, sculpture, etc., was introduced to Japan, such as the spread of Cheng Zhu's Neo-Confucianism and Lu Wang's Neo-Confucianism in Japan, which formed Zhu Xi's studies and Yang Ming studies in Japan; Jian Zhen traveled to the east in the Tang Dynasty, and the Buddhist culture and sculptures of China spread to Japan. A large number of Japanese envoys to the Tang Dynasty, such as Kibi No Asomi Makibi, monk Konghai and Abezhong Malu, were sent to China to study China's culture. In this way, Japanese writing and architecture are deeply influenced by China culture. Now the cross pavilion, which is hard to find in China, is still well preserved in Japan. In South Korea, the most influential is China culture, especially Confucianism and practical learning after Ming and Qing Dynasties. If people don't know that Li Tuixi, Cao Nanming, Li Ligu, Hong Darong, Ding Ruoyong and others are Korean philosophers, it is difficult to judge the nationality of the authors only by their works. The content of China's ethics has long been lost in China, but it is still quite intact in South Korea. Therefore, South Korea is called a living fossil of Confucian countries by western countries.

China culture has exerted a profound influence not only on South Korea and Japan, but also on some countries in Southeast Asia and South Asia, such as the Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam and other countries and regions, and Zheng He's seven voyages to the West deepened this influence. As a result, the East Asian cultural circle with China culture as its core has been recognized in the world, especially the economic take-off and rise of the four Asian Little Dragons, with the focus on their relationship with China culture.

during the Ming and Qing dynasties, China's traditional culture spread to some European countries through the western Jesuits and the introduction of eastern learning to the west. China's four great inventions (gunpowder, compass, printing and papermaking) first spread to the west, which played an important role in promoting the formation and development of western capitalist society. China's traditional culture had the greatest influence on France, and France became the center of China culture craze in Europe at that time. Since the 7th century, some Confucian classics in China, such as The Analects of Confucius and The University, have spread to other European countries through France. Few French enlightenment thinkers in the 8th century were not influenced by China culture. Such as Descartes, Rousseau, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Diderot and Holbach, whose admiration for China culture shocked us now. Voltaire enshrined the portrait of Confucius in the chapel and regarded Confucius as a model of human morality. German philosophers Leibniz, Kant, Fichte, Schelling, Hegel, Feuerbach and the great writer Goethe all studied China's philosophy and were influenced by China culture to varying degrees. For example, Leibniz believed that it was China's discovery that made Europeans wake up from religious confusion. This influence directly or indirectly influenced the Enlightenment in France and the dialectical thought in Germany.

So, what is the relationship between the influence of China culture on the French Enlightenment in the 8th century and the western modernization? Since the second half of the 21th century, western academic circles have made a comprehensive reflection on western modern culture, and gained such a * * * knowledge in the reflection, that is, modernization, as a way of life and thinking, is neither a scientific revolution that began in the 6th century nor an industrial revolution that began in the 7th century, but an enlightenment that began in the 8th century. Because the enlightenment thought embodies the basic characteristics of modern culture, two basic propositions and conclusions are drawn: the first proposition is that China culture has had an important influence on European enlightenment thought; The second proposition is that "Enlightenment is a necessary condition in the process of western social modernization". The conclusion is that the modernization process of the West has been influenced by the traditional culture of China.

With the prosperity of China's national strength and the improvement of China's international status, countries all over the world, including Asia and Europe, have highly recognized and attached importance to China culture.

as we know, as one of the four little dragons in Asia, South Korea has a high degree of modernization, but its modernization is not based on denying and abandoning traditional culture, but on respecting, inheriting and developing traditional culture. People who have been to Korea are deeply touched by the patriotism of Koreans and the pride of their national culture. For example, Sungkyunkwan University, the most famous university in South Korea, still takes Confucianism as its purpose and benevolence, courtesy and wisdom as its motto. In February and August every year, Koreans will go to the Confucian Temple to worship Confucius in the traditional way, and there are colleges that teach in full accordance with the traditional Confucian teaching methods. The main course taught is the Confucian classic "Four Books and Five Classics". There are more than 311 traditional county schools and academies that have almost disappeared in China. The first Confucius Institute in the world was established in the Korean capital at the end of 2114. South Korea has also widely publicized the spirit of Confucian culture to the whole society through movies, television and various media. It can be said that South Korea is a successful example of building the country and educating the people with Confucian culture, which is called "the living fossil of Confucian country" and "the typical Confucian country" by many western scholars. South Korea has not abandoned and denied traditional culture, but has organically integrated traditional culture into modern society and modern life.

since the 1981s, Singapore has been carrying out the "cultural regeneration" movement centered on the traditional Confucian culture in China. In the Spring Festival of 1982, Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew called on the people of Singapore to maintain and carry forward the traditional Confucian morality of the Chinese nation, and regarded "loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, courtesy, honesty and shame" as the "way of governing the country" that the government must resolutely implement. In October, 1988, First Deputy Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong proposed to upgrade Confucian oriental values to national consciousness and make it a guide for every citizen. In February, 1991, the Singapore government published the White Paper of Equal Value, which was full of Confucian ethics. The book puts forward five common values: (1) the country is supreme and society comes first; (2) Family is the root and society is the foundation; (3) Care and support, help each other in the same boat; (4) Seeking common ground while reserving differences and consulting; (5) racial harmony and religious tolerance.

South Korea, Singapore and other countries and regions attach importance to traditional culture and tell us:

First, these countries attach importance to China's traditional culture because some values and ethics in Confucian traditional culture have accumulated into their national moral norms and national psychology. For example, Lee Kuan Yew said in his National Day speech in 1978: "Maybe my English is better than Chinese, because I learned English in my early years; But even after another thousand generations, I won't become an Englishman. What I keep in my heart is not the western value system, but the eastern value system. "

Second, the experience of South Korea tells us: to realize modernization, it is not necessary to sacrifice traditional culture; Traditional culture and modernization are not contradictory, but can complement each other and go hand in hand.