The underwater world is mysterious and attractive. This article will share a handwritten newspaper on the underwater world. Welcome to read it!
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underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper picture 25. Brief description of the newspaper materials: Species of marine organisms < P > After decades of investigation and research by marine scientists and technicians, 2,278 species of marine organisms have been recorded in the waters under our jurisdiction. These marine organisms belong to 5 biological kingdoms and 44 phyla. Among them, the animal kingdom has the most species (12,794 species) and kingdom monera has the least (229 species). The species of marine life in China accounts for about 1% of the total species of marine life in the world, accounting for 5%.
according to the distribution, marine life in China's sea areas can be roughly divided into two categories: water marine life and tidal flat marine life. Among the marine life in waters, fish, cephalopods (such as squid, also called cuttlefish), shrimps and crabs are the most important marine life. Among them, fish has the largest variety and quantity, which constitutes the main body of marine life in waters.
the distribution trend of marine species in waters is more in the south and less in the north, that is, there are more species in the South China Sea, but fewer species in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. According to the latest investigation data, there are more than 158 species of marine life distributed on the beaches in China. Among them, mollusks (that is, shellfish as we usually call them) account for the most, with 513 species, followed by 358 species of seaweeds, 38 species of crustaceans (mainly shrimps and crabs as we usually call them), and few species of other groups. The species number of coastal beach creatures in China, like those in the sea area, is gradually increasing from north to south.
Scientists all over the world are carrying out an unprecedented cooperation plan to identify and compile a list of all marine life. How many kinds of creatures are there in the ocean? A survey report integrating global sea area data was released. There are 15,34 species of marine fish registered, and it is estimated that there are about 2, species of marine fish. There are 21, known species of marine life, and the actual number is estimated to be more than 1 times this number, that is, 2.1 million species.
The project being carried out by scientists is called the Census of Marine Life. It is estimated that it will take 1 years and cost at least 1 billion US dollars. * * * More than 3 scientists from 53 countries will participate in this unprecedented cooperation project, so that marine scientists from every corner of the world can cooperate together. Since 2, an average of three new marine species have been discovered every week. According to the estimation of this research plan, there are about 5, kinds of marine fish and thousands of other various marine life that have not been discovered.
This census plan hopes to assess the diversity, geographical distribution and quantity of various marine life, and explain how the above situation has changed over time. What is the practical significance of this plan? The survey of marine life can identify endangered species and important breeding areas, which can help fishery management agencies develop effective sustainable management strategies. With the discovery of thousands of new marine life, scientists will develop new marine drugs and industrial compounds.
Frederic Glassel of Rutgers University, chairman of the Scientific Committee for the Census of Marine Life, said, "This is the beginning of the first great journey of discovery in the 21st century. More importantly, this is the first global effort to measure all kinds of marine life and let us know what we should do to prevent marine life from continuing to disappear. " The ocean is still an unexplored area, and our knowledge of the creatures bred in the ocean is extremely limited. Ronald Dole, chief scientist of the Census of Marine Life, said: "The diversity of marine life is not only an important indicator of the state of the ocean, but also the key to protecting the marine environment." Underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper information: overview of marine reptiles
Reptiles are temperature-changing animals that are covered with horny scales and breed on land. Among them, there are 24 species of sea turtles and sea snakes related to the sea in China.
Red Starfish
Put out your hand in red. A starfish, red starfish, is one of the most beautiful marine life in Galapagos Island. There are many colors and shapes in the family Ophelia. There are obvious protrusions or spines on the body surface, and there are many small holes on the back surface of the body disc.
sea snake
sea snake is a kind of poisonous snake that lives in the sea all its life. Sea snakes have their nostrils facing upwards and valves that can be opened and closed. After inhaling air, < P > they can close their nostrils and dive into the water for 1 minutes. The surface of the body is covered with scales, and under the scales is thick skin, which can prevent seawater infiltration and loss of body fluids. The salt gland under the tongue has the function of expelling excess salt that enters the body with food. The small sea snake is half a meter long, and the big sea snake can reach about 3 meters. They live in coastal waters, especially in brackish water estuaries, and feed on fish. Except for a few sea snakes that lay eggs, all others give birth, which is viviparous.
There are 19 species of sea snakes in China, which are widely distributed in the coastal waters of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Zhejiang, Shandong, Liaoning and other provinces. The common ones are the blue-ringed sea snake, the flat-headed sea snake and the long-snouted sea snake. Sea snakes can be used for medicine, and have the effects of expelling wind, relieving pain, promoting blood circulation, dredging collaterals, nourishing and strengthening the body.
Turtles
Turtles are the general name of marine turtles. There are 5 species of marine turtles living in China's oceans (only 7 species in the world), which are mainly distributed in Xisha Islands and Huidong Port in Guangdong Province, followed by the coastal areas of Sanya suburb and Lingshui County in Hainan Province. There are five kinds of turtles recorded in China Sea, including leatherback turtle, turtle, tortoise shell and tortoise shell, all of which are national protected animals.
Turtles are the largest reptiles in the marine world today. Among them, the largest individual is leatherback turtle. It can be up to 2.5 meters long and weighs about 1 kilograms, making it the king of turtles.
the ancestors of turtles appeared on the earth more than 2 million years ago. The ancient sea turtles and the mighty dinosaurs experienced a prosperous period together. Later, after many vicissitudes of life, dinosaurs became extinct and turtles began to decline. However, with the protection of the hard shell, the turtles overcame countless bad luck brought by nature and survived tenaciously. Turtles have trudged through a long historical journey of more than 2 million years, and still survive and reproduce from generation to generation. They are truly ancient, tenacious and precious animals. Marine plants
In the vast and rich ocean, there are many kinds of marine plants besides all kinds of animals. Seaweed is the main body of marine plants and a great natural wealth of human beings. There are more than 1 kinds of marine algae that can be used as food. Scientists divide algae into planktonic algae and benthic algae according to their living habits.
planktonic algae
The algae body of planktonic algae consists of only one cell, so it is also called marine unicellular algae. This kind of organism is an autotrophic organism with chlorophyll, which can carry out photosynthesis and produce organic matter. They are the most important primary producers in the ocean, and they are also the bait for breeding fish, shrimp and shellfish. 1817 species of phytoplankton have been recorded in China Sea.
planktonic algae have very weak mobility, and can only float with the current or suspend in water for extremely weak floating. They have a variety of shapes that adapt to floating life, which increases buoyancy. For example, some phytoplankton cells produce a ring of bristles around them; Some have long thorns or protrusions, and these appendages increase the contact surface with water, which can produce great stability and make them float in the surface water with light; Some form groups to expand the surface area for floating, and they are small, which is also a good form of adaptation to floating life.
Generally, the diameter of phytoplankton is only a few thousandths of a millimeter, and their appearance can only be seen under a microscope, but their shapes are different, almost the same. Most of them are single-celled, and many of them are groups of single cells, including spindle, fan, star, oval, cylindrical and dendritic.
benthic algae
Scientists call the algae that inhabit the seabed benthic algae. They can adapt to temporary drought and temporary "freezing" in winter at low tide, and they will start to grow and develop normally as soon as the sea water rises. Most benthic algae are multicellular algae that can be seen by the naked eye. Small species of adults are only a few centimeters long, such as filamentous algae; The longest can reach 2 ~ 3 meters, such as giant algae. Benthic algae have strange shapes: some are like belts, such as kelp; Some are like ropes, such as chordates; Some are flaky, such as Ulva and laver; Some are dendritic, such as Sargassum.
some benthic algae have only a thin layer of cells, such as reef membrane; Some have two layers of cells, such as Ulva; Some are hollow and tubular, such as Enteromorpha; Other algae can be divided into outer cortex, cortex and pith, such as kelp and Sargassum.
benthic algae are bright and beautiful in color, including green, brown and red. Scientists divide algae into three categories according to their colors: green algae, brown algae and red algae.
green algae
The algae body of green algae is grass green. There are about 6, species of green algae, 9% of which are produced in fresh water, and only 1% live on rocks in intertidal or subtidal zones. Green algae have single cells and groups; There are filamentous and flaky ones. The most common marine unicellular green algae is Platymonas, which is rich in protein and is a good bait for small and medium-sized marine animals. The most common multicellular green algae are Ulva lactuca and reef membrane (called sea spinach or sea cabbage by Chinese coastal fishermen), which are popular marine economic vegetables. There is also Enteromorpha prolifera, which can be used to make Enteromorpha prolifera cake, and it tastes very delicious. In addition, there are feather algae, bracken, sea pine, umbrella algae and so on. Underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper information: marine animals in the underwater world
coelenterata, also known as echinodermata.
stony coral, gorgonian coral, red coral, anemone, jellyfish, jellyfish, hydra, mollusca. Such as oyster, abalone, pearl oyster, scallop, clam, clam, sea red (mussel)
Trionyx.
such as prawn, lobster, crayfish, krill, tube whip shrimp, red shrimp, claw shrimp, hedgehog shrimp, drum shrimp, gibbon shrimp, macrobrachium shrimp, rice shrimp, mole shrimp, meiren shrimp, cicada shrimp, chaff shrimp, hooked shrimp, armored shrimp, vertebrate subfamily of Chordata. Marine fish, such as real sharks, whale sharks, basking sharks, hammerhead sharks, sawfish, tuanban rays and torpedo cephalopods, are marine carnivores. It includes squid, cuttlefish, soft fish, octopus and other major economic varieties.
the turbid sea-the yellow sea.
The Yellow Sea is yellow because the Yellow River flows in, and the river carries a lot of sediment. There are more suspended substances in seawater, and the transparency of water becomes less, so the name of the Yellow Sea becomes yellow. The Yellow Sea is the coastal base defense in northern China and the main road in North China. The Yellow Sea is rich in aquatic products because of the confluence of warm currents, especially the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Coast beach, which are flat and wide, and suitable for saline-alkali land.
colorful mollusks
in the underwater world, there is a willingness to build "house" animals. They can secrete calcium from their bodies to build "houses" as building materials and use them as their homes. These animals are shellfish. Because their bodies are soft, they belong to mollusks. The "houses" they built are those brightly colored shells. There are many kinds of mollusks, second only to arthropods in the animal kingdom. There are seven types, namely, no board, single board, multi-board, double shell, gastropod, biped and cephalopod. Except for board-less and veneer, the other five categories are distributed in the Sea of China. At present, there are 2,557 species of molluscs in China, accounting for more than 1/8 of the total marine species in China.
echinoderms of all kinds
When you walk in the rocks and seaweed on the beach, you can see starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers and other marine animals. These animals have many spinous processes of different lengths, so they are called echinoderms. Echinoderm's body structure is more interesting and radiant, which is mainly manifested in five kinds of radiation symmetry. Echinoderms are all marine creatures, and they are nowhere to be found on land or in fresh water. So far, about 6 echinoderms have been recorded in China waters.
A starfish with a double vision
Starfish is an important member of echinoderms. The five-wrist starfish looks like a five-pointed star, with its mouth on the mouth (light yellow or orange) and its anus on the back (purple or dark brown stripes on a light background). Starfish land on the abdomen, with five wrists stretched out on the sand or rocks in the shallow sea and crawling unhurriedly with a large number of tube feet (the sports organs of starfish). The unique skill of starfish is that it has the skill of being in two places at once. If the starfish is torn into several pieces and thrown into the sea, each piece will soon grow back the lost part, thus growing into several complete new starfish. At present, scientists are exploring the mystery of the regeneration ability of starfish in order to get inspiration from it and seek a new medical method for mankind. Underwater world stick figure handwritten newspaper materials: the top ten most dangerous seabed