Mutton powder is a folk snack in Guizhou province, and it is the staple food for breakfast in Guizhou today. Mutton powder originated in the early 198s. In the early days, mutton was rarely eaten. Sheep were generally used as folk sacrifices. People didn't eat mutton because they couldn't smell the smell of mutton. After the early 198s, people gradually explored ways to avoid the smell of coriander and garlic, and the business of mutton powder began to flourish. Hot mutton soup, burning oil pepper, delicate meat slices, and white jade-like rice noodles and a bowl of mutton powder make the powder eater sweat all over. 1. According to Jia Sixie's Qi Min Yao Shu, rice flour has been eaten in southern China since the Qin Dynasty, and it has a history of more than 2, years. At that time, the method of northerners was used to make the rice in the south into strips for cooking, which was called Hu rice. Mutton is naturally beautiful and has a special aroma. Southerners were not used to it early and did not use mutton as seasoning. Northerners love mutton very much, but in history it is mainly pasta. All missed the mutton rice noodles. At first, Zunyi people, like other areas in the south, used pork as the main seasoning of rice noodles. Zunyi hoof pollen is still at a high level, that is, it is refined from pig soles as seasoning. Zunyi, also known as Bozhou, was an important border town in the southwest of Tang and Song Dynasties to resist the highland tribal countries. As the Tang Dynasty originated in Taiyuan, Bozhou at that time was mainly stationed by Taiyuan Military Group. In the fifth year of Dali (77), Luo Rong, a native of Taiyuan, Shanxi, led his division to broadcast "counter-insurgency", and it was reported that soil was sown. Luo Rongfeng broadcast Zhou Hou. In the 13th year of Dazhong (859), the chieftain of Nanzhao Dali claimed to be the emperor and sent troops to invade Bozhou. Luo Taiwang, the grandson of Luo Rong V, was driven away and lived in Luzhou. In the first year of Xian Tong (86), Annan was the capital of the state. In the 14th year of Xian Tong (873), Nanzhao contacted Yi tribe to capture Bozhou again. In the third year of Ganfu (876), Yang and Mu, two military families in Taiyuan, Shanxi, joined forces to recover Bozhou again. According to the genealogy of Mu clan in Zunyi today, Yang Duan, the leader of Yang's regiment, designed and murdered Mu Xingtian, the leader of Mu clan, and won the military exploits alone. (In 27, the descendants of Mu also presented genealogy and related materials to Zunyi Historical Research Association. In the old town of Zunyi, there were many places named after the Mujia family name, such as Mujia Temple, Mujiachuan, Mujialin, Mujiang, Mujiawan and Mujia Lane. After Luo Rong, Yang and the Shanxi children of Hu Ling, Cheng, Zhao, You, Lou, Liang, Wei and Xie, who were broadcast with Yang Duan, began to settle in Bozhou, and started the era of Yang Han's territorial division in Bozhou in 29 dynasties and 725 years, which profoundly influenced the political pattern and custom culture in southwest China. These Shanxi immigrants who entered the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau earlier grew up herding sheep and eating them. On this vast and unfamiliar land, they understand from the bottom of their hearts that mutton is fragrant, not mutton. And they also have the traditional skills of processing mutton. However, rice was mainly produced and eaten in the south in history, so today's well-known zunyi mutton powder was born naturally. Why today's mutton in zunyi mutton powder is still a typical northern flavor, and southerners still think it is heavy, but Zunyi people don't know it? Why do some new generation mutton powder brands in the south have gained considerable market space by completely eliminating the smell, while zunyi mutton powder is still enjoying itself? That's why. Moreover, Zunyi people have formed this kind of taste, and it is difficult to change and change like others. This phenomenon just proves zunyi mutton powder's originality and authenticity. It can be seen that the history of zunyi mutton powder has been more than 123 years since Luo Rong's family entered the broadcast in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. At the latest, it began at the end of the Tang Dynasty when Yang Duan and the villagers with eight surnames entered the broadcast, and it was more than 11 years ago. 2. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Sichuan was brutally slaughtered by Zhang Xianzhong, the eight kings. "It is a thousand miles away, and there is no one left." Only Zunyi House and two small counties backed by Zunyi survived. Sichuan's population plummeted, which led to Huguang filling Sichuan in Qing Dynasty. During the war, a large number of Sichuan refugees fled to Zunyi, and some of them returned to their hometown after the war, and also brought the habit of eating mutton powder to all parts of Sichuan. By the mid-Qing Dynasty, zunyi mutton powder was well-known in the southwest. At the end of Qing Dynasty, there was a story between zunyi mutton powder and Sichuan mutton powder. Yang Ji and Liao Ji are the most famous in zunyi mutton powder in the late Qing Dynasty. One day, a man came to Yangji mutton powder shop and wanted to be an apprentice. The Yang family needs to hire someone, but when they see that the bearer is hunchbacked, they are somewhat disgusted. So he said, you won't have a future in our line of work. You'd better find another job. People don't give up, saying that handyman who washes dishes and sweeps the floor is also willing to do it. The Yang family saw that he was sincere and let him stay. As the saying goes: ten humpbacks and nine cleverness. This hunchback is not generally clever. Plus the opportunity is rare, so pay more attention to it everywhere and ponder it carefully. A few years later, I left. Humpback opened a mutton powder shop by himself. That's Zhulaogong mutton powder shop in northern Sichuan. Zhu Laogong, whose real name is Zhu Mingqing, was born in Shunqing (now Nanchong, Sichuan). In the words of Nanchong people, Zhu Laogong is "the originator of rice noodles in northeast Sichuan and even in Sichuan and Chongqing". The relationship between North Sichuan mutton powder and zunyi mutton powder is quite similar to that between Yang Tai Ji Chuan and Chen Tai Ji Chuan. It can also be called two stories with different tunes and the same spectrum in the process of local cultural exchange in China. 3. In the last century, as northern cities began to eat rice, mutton rice noodles became popular in some northern areas. Dunhuang mutton powder may be influenced by northern Sichuan mutton powder. Many places in southern Guizhou, northern Guangxi and western Hunan used to use mutton powder as one of the breakfast foods in the last century, especially after the 198s. And produced many delicious and reputable local brands. Zunyi people also began to open mutton powder houses in southwest, south and east China. People in various places have creatively developed the flavor of mutton powder in combination with local habits. Today, the mutton and rice flour industry in China has begun to show a flourishing scene. 4. As a matter of fact, the exact record of zunyi mutton powder is only that it flourished in the middle of Qing Dynasty, or that it has been put on the market in Ming Dynasty, and the situation further up is my reasonable proof. Why is this happening? The Pingbo War in the late Ming Dynasty not only destroyed the political group of Yang Tusi in Bozhou, but also destroyed the cultural memory of this land. The official residence, manor, documents and materials were all burned down, and even the tombs of Yang's ancestors were excavated and destroyed. Even today in Changming, in the official data of some counties in southern Guizhou that have been ruled by Bozhou Tusi for hundreds of years, we would rather shorten the history of intensive agricultural development for hundreds of years, but also deliberately erase this historical memory, which is actually not short. Yang Can Tomb, the 13th generation chieftain of Bozhou discovered by accident in 1957, is a treasure in the history of architectural sculpture in the Song Dynasty. The stone carvings and unearthed cultural relics in this tomb prove the existence of "Bozhou Shengshi" with indisputable physical objects. Today, the ruins of Yang Can Tomb in Bozhou and Hailongdun in Bozhou are included in one of the few national key protected cultures in Guizhou Province, and the cliff stone carving site on the outskirts of Chongqing is also included in the key protected cultural relics, which shows that the achievements of Tusi Yang in border defense, immigration, reclamation and development in Bozhou for more than 7 years are positively evaluated at the national level and in the field of vision outside the mountain. What is gratifying is that zunyi mutton powder has been awarded the title of "Famous Chinese Snacks" and has also been listed as a local intangible cultural heritage by Zunyi City. 5. Every winter solstice, people in China usually eat dog meat, jiaozi and glutinous rice. But we Zunyi people eat mutton, and more people go to the street to eat two bowls of mutton powder. In that strong aroma, in that rich atmosphere, once again taste the grandeur of the Tang and Song Dynasties, the solemnity of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the simplicity of the Central Plains and the acrimony of Yunnan and Guizhou. Deeply cherish the memory of all ethnic groups in China who have fought and cultivated on this plateau in history. 6. In the 195s, there were only seven or eight mutton powder restaurants in the whole city, which were later changed into state-owned hotels and collective cooperative hotels. Steamed bread, steamed buns, noodles and rice skin were all sold, but mutton powder became a rarity, and the objects and techniques for processing "powder" were almost lost. From the 196s to the 198s, the two most famous and powerful rice noodle shops were located in Nanbai Town, Zunyi County. The hotels raised sheep in groups, had complete equipment for squeezing rice flour, and had a one-stop production operation, and their business was very prosperous. After the reform and opening up, self-employed households have mushroomed, and the mutton powder restaurant in Nanbai has also raised monthly tickets and annual tickets. Now, some nostalgic people often criticize that mutton powder used to be sold for only a few hours in the morning and became an all-night fast food. I don't know when to get fresh soup and haggis. The powder processed by machine has strong toughness and long storage time, but it is not tasty; Meat is frozen in the refrigerator, cut thinner than paper, and turned into fine slag in the bowl. Nowadays, mutton powder, a famous Zunyi food, embodies the characteristics of the times. Economically speaking, raising sheep, slaughtering, making flour and selling flour are all independent, with division of labor and cooperation, forming an industrial chain, which is spread all over urban and rural areas in Guizhou and is moving towards the whole country. Culturally speaking, this kind of diet nourishes people's enthusiasm and is bringing auspiciousness and prosperity to this fiery land.