It belongs to Xichong County, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province.
Xichong is located in the north-central Sichuan Basin, with a land span of 15 degrees 36 minutes 4 seconds to 16 degrees 4 minutes 7 seconds east longitude and 3 degrees 52 minutes 4 seconds to 31 degrees 15 minutes 7 seconds north latitude. It borders Shunqing in the east, Jialing in the south, Shehong and Pengxi in the southwest, Yanting in the west and the south in the north. Jurisdiction over 6 districts, 44 townships, 63 villages and 5675 village (residential) groups. The total population is 65. 28, people, accounting for 9% of the agricultural population. The county people's government is located in Jincheng town, in the south-central part of the county, 39 kilometers away from Chengdu and 36 kilometers away from Nanchong.
The land is rich in resources and there are many scenic spots. It mainly produces cash crops such as rice, wheat, corn, sweet potato, pepper, citrus, silkworm cocoon, rape and Chinese herbal medicine. Underground storage of petroleum, natural gas and other minerals, brine brick with clay, including shale, building materials sandstone. Wannian Mountain is the highest mountain peak in China, with a sea wave of 617 meters. There are many landscapes in China, such as Phoenix Mountain, Huafeng Pavilion, Jiangjun Monument, Qinglong Lake, Oil Well Tower, Baifusong, Prime Minister's Archway in the misty rain of Phoenix, BMW Ferry and so on.
teaching and learning are respected, and heroes are promoted on behalf of others. The traditional virtues of hard work, courage and hospitality will last forever. The motto of "Poor people never leave books, rich people never leave pigs" has been passed down from generation to generation. Known as the "cultural county". Sages who wrote many books and made statements, and people who were generous and sad. In the Han Dynasty, there was a general Ji Xin who died in the Chu Dynasty; in the Three Kingdoms, there was a politician named Qiao Zhou who made great contributions to the whole country; in the Tang Dynasty, there was He Jiong, the fifth founder of Buddhism; in the Song Dynasty, there were He Zizhi and his wife who wrote and drew the Lotus Sutra; in the Yuan Dynasty, there were Ma Tingyong, a senior minister; in recent years, there were Zhang Lan, vice president of the Republic of China, Xian Ying, a democratic revolutionary, and Yu Jiangzhen, a proletarian revolutionary.
every day rewards people and diligence, and economy takes off. The development strategy of "industrialization, private operation and satellite city" has been implemented, and commodity bases such as grain, cotton, rape, cocoon, pigs, poultry, peppers, oranges, vegetables and aquatic products have been built. The annual output is 3,6 tons of cotton, 3, tons of cocoon, 26, tons of pepper, 17,8 tons of oil, 3, tons of fruit, 5, slaughtered pigs and 2.8 million small poultry. Guoyou navel orange "QingSanjiu" sells well all over the country, and high-quality pepper "Erjingtiao" is hot all over Asia, Africa and Latin America. Farmers have 454 kilograms of grain per capita with a net income of 14.57 million yuan. Machinery, food, chemicals, silk, building materials and other industries have begun to take shape. Fans in northern Sichuan sell well all over the country, Chuantuo wine won Sichuan famous brand, "Meixi" brand fireworks won excellent quality, and silk products were exported to Southeast Asia. The individual and private economy has sprung up suddenly, the trade circulation has become increasingly active, and the economy is taking off.
the roads are accessible to all villages, and the environment is superior. National Highway 212 runs through the whole territory, and 47 kilometers of high-grade highways have been built, realizing the oilization of township roads. The Guangzhou (Yuan) South (Chong) Expressway under construction and the Chengdu (Du) South (Bu) Ba (Zhong) Expressway to be built run through Xichong. The intersection of the two expressways is in Liqiao Township, Xichong County, and the Guangnan Expressway has established interchange bridges in the towns of Duofu and Jin Quan in Xichong. In 29, two county roads in the county, Xishe Road and Luxi Road, were comprehensively reformed to connect Shehong with Peng 'an. Xichong post and telecommunications digital network project was put into use, and mobile phones and wireless paging covered all towns and villages. The supply of water, electricity and gas is sufficient, and the construction of a new area of four square kilometers south of the city has begun. Popularize nine-year compulsory education and eliminate illiteracy. The hospital creates dimethyl ether, and the health and epidemic prevention are advanced in the country. The county government has determined the strategy of promoting great development by opening up to the outside world, and formulated 16 preferential policies to expand opening up and attract investment. An enlightened and open development atmosphere has been formed.
Physical Geography
Xichong County is located in the back of Jialing River and Fujiang River, with shallow hilly landform, vertical and horizontal valleys and dense hills. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and it slopes slowly from northwest to southeast. The mountains are north-south and slightly higher in the north.
xichong is rich in natural resources. In terms of biological resources, there are 116 species of trees belonging to Joe, shrub and bamboo, and 153 species of medicinal plants including Pinellia ternata, Carthamus tinctorius, Bupleurum chinense and Eucommia ulmoides. Economic crops include mulberry, tung oil tree, olive, peach, plum, persimmon, orange and citrus. There are 33 kinds of grass such as imperata. There are more than 3 kinds of ornamental plants, such as osmanthus, chrysanthemum, peony, asparagus and chlorophytum. There are dozens of wild animals such as rabbits, pangolins, pheasants and egrets. The forest coverage rate reached 24.6%. In terms of mineral resources, there are natural gas, oil, bittern and potash shale. Main specialty products of Xichong: citrus, kenaf, cocoon and cotton.
There are many rivers in Xichong County. There are 6 rivers with a basin area of over 1 square kilometers in the county, the largest of which is the Baoma River, which originated in nanbu county, with a total length of 41.6 kilometers. Fujiang River system is injected to the west, and the rest are Jialing River system.
Historical evolution
In the 4th year (AD 621), Tang Gaozu Liyuan Wude was divided into Nanchong, Nanbu and Yanting counties, and it was named Xichong County because it was located in the west of Chongguo County in Han Dynasty.
today, Xichong County belonged to Guozhou in Xia Yu period (about 21st century BC), and it was merged into Yongzhou in Yin Shang and Western Zhou Dynasty. After the 5th century BC, it belonged to Ba State in Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period, and it belonged to Langzhong County in Ba County in 316 BC. In 2 BC, the county belonged to Chongguo County and Anhan County in Ba County, and in 221 AD, during the Shu and Han Dynasties, the county belonged to Xichongguo County and Anhan County in Brazil County. In 263, during the Cao Wei period, the county territory belonged to Xichongguo County and Anhan County in Brazil County of Yizhou. In 266, the county belongs to Xichongguo County and Anhan County, Brazil County, Guozhou. In 42, the county territory belonged to Anhan County and Xichongguo County in North Brazil County. In 553, the county belonged to Jincheng County, Jinqian County, Longzhou, and Anhan County, Nandangqu County. In 583 (the third year of Emperor Wendi's reign), the county belonged to Anhan County and Jincheng County of Longzhou. In 589 (the ninth year of Emperor Kaihuang), the county territory belonged to Jincheng County and Nanchong County of Longzhou. In the 18th year of Emperor Wendi's reign (AD 598), it was Nanchong County. In the 4th year (AD 621), Tang Gaozu Li Yuan Wude was divided into Nanchong, Nanbu, Yanting and some counties. Xichong County was named because it was located in the west of Chongguo County in Han Dynasty. From Kublai Khan to the 2th year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 1283), Yuan Shizu merged Liuxi County into Shunqing. In the tenth year of Hongwu (AD 1377), Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming Emperor, abandoned Xichong and merged it into Nanchong County. In the thirteenth year of Hongwu (AD 138), Xichong County was restored, belonging to Shunqing Prefecture. The Qing Dynasty belonged to Shunqing Prefecture in North Sichuan Province.
In the first year of the Republic of China (AD 1912), it belonged to Shunqing Prefecture in Sichuan Province, in the second year (AD 1913), it belonged to Chuanbei Road in Sichuan Province, in the third year (AD 1914) it belonged to Jialing Road, in the seventeenth year (AD 1928) it belonged to Sichuan Province, and in the twenty-fourth year (AD 1935) it belonged to the eleventh administrative supervision area of Sichuan Province.
after the liberation of Xichong in December p>1949, it belonged to Nanchong District, the administrative area of North Sichuan in Southwest China, and in September 1993 it belonged to Nanchong City, Sichuan Province.
local conditions and customs
Selling Waya is a historical proof that poor families in old China had no money and took their children who were difficult to raise to the market for sale.
This "Maiwaya" is located at the head of Ziyan Township, Xichong County, under a huge Huangge tree, and its stone tablet is particularly eye-catching. According to local people, at the beginning of 2, a local farmer accidentally found a stone tablet with a head exposed and some incomplete words on it at Huanggeya. After careful identification, there are contents such as "selling baby" on it. Later, people dug up this stone tablet, only to find that it was a stone tablet that recorded the sale of children here that year. In the local area, Huanggeya has long said "selling Waya", but there is no relevant record. This discovery confirms this statement.
According to the stone tablet, Huanggeya was originally named "Dawangya", and its history of selling baby began in the 14th year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty. A local Jinshi was deeply depressed by this wind, so he renamed this temple "Maiwa Temple". According to the memories of local old people, in the old society, there was a large-scale population market under the Huangge tree here, which radiated to many towns around: after the children who sold the baby were brought here, they put grass on their heads as signs, and after bargaining between the buyer and the seller, the deal was made, and the buyer took them away. In the case of a baby who is too young to sell, some parents cruelly leave it at the pass and leave it to fate. Therefore, it is also called "Diwa Ya" here. The local people celebrated the second day of February in the lunar calendar. On this day, they worked all the time, so this day became a trading day for buying and selling children locally.
In order to make this history unforgettable for future generations, the local government specially set up this special monument in Huanggeya to show future generations
Ziyan, 3 kilometers north of Xichong County, formerly known as Ziyan Township. During the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, there was a "doll market" which specialized in buying and selling children. The city is under a rhubarb tree at the east end of Ziyanchang Pass, so it is also called "Ziyan Maierya".
It is impossible to find out the origin and when the doll market began, but according to the elders, it has been more than 3 years and ended on the eve of liberation. Its reputation is widely spread in northern Sichuan and beyond Tianfu. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the "Wenchang Fair" (the meeting of Wenchang Bodhisattva) was held every year on the second day of the second lunar month. From the second day to the fifteenth day, the performances were held, and the local products of various towns in the county were also traded during the session. The doll market also opened at this time. Anyone who has a son who can't support him will sell his son in the market. Rich childless families also go to the market to buy them. There are only boys buying and selling in the city, but no girls buying and selling, so the "doll market". This is caused by the bad habit of preferring sons to daughters. Generally, sellers wrap the baby's date of birth on the doll's head as a sign, and buy a shop with clothes, shoes, socks and diapers to show their intention. The buyer and the seller negotiate directly, and after the transaction, the seller gives the doll's birth date to the buyer. The buyer takes off the clothes, shoes, socks and diapers worn by the doll in public, returns them to the seller, puts on what he brought with him, and then pays the price. From then on, the doll will sever all relations with its biological parents, and the buyer will be responsible for the education and marriage of the doll all his life.
The age of dolls on the market ranges from a few months to two or three years old. The smaller the doll, the higher the price, and the lower the price. The lowest doll is only worth a bucket of rice. At that time, it was generally called "a doll with a bucket of rice". The tallest, but a doll is only worth a stone of rice. At that time, it was generally "one baby and one stone of rice". People over 3 years old are generally not bought, "the big ones can't feed the family", which was the "mantra" at that time, so everyone likes to buy small ones.
Second
Every year in February of the Lunar New Year, it is the time when there is no food. Because of the lack of food, biological parents can't bear to starve their dolls, and they beg rich people to adopt them for free every year. As adopted sons, adoptive parents usually gave their biological parents one or two buckets of miscellaneous grains or a few tens to 1 pence, and then they gave them 2 to 1, coppers. At that time, they were generally called "big good people". The biological parents should make a "paper contract" to the adoptive parents, stating: "The contractor XXX, because he has no life, is willing to give his son to a certain kind person for his son, and then sever the relationship between father and son and mother and child with me. ................................................................. ................................................................................................................ The biological parents pay the "paper contract" first, and the adoptive parents pay the money later. Later, if they were five or six years old, they kowtowed to their biological parents first, and then to their adoptive parents. The adoptive parents named the doll, and the doll went with them. At this time, the doll often turned back and cried to the biological parents, and the biological parents also hid their tears and did not dare to look back.
Third
In Ziyan doll market, the phenomenon of abandoning dolls also appeared at the same time. On the abandoned baby's body, there are usually small bamboo pieces or small notes on the date of birth of the abandoned baby. Some also wrote on small bamboo pieces or small notes: "Children are unfortunate, please have mercy;" The words "children are lucky enough to be grateful to you" hope that someone will adopt them. Some adopted abandoned babies want to find their biological parents when they grow up, and there are also many people. According to legend, in 1853 (the third year of Xianfeng), there was a Du Mou, who picked up a baby and abandoned it. As an adult, it took him more than ten years to find his biological mother, Qi Zhao. After his parents died, he was sent to the mountain to be buried, that is, he returned to the Zhao family to support his biological mother, which was a beautiful talk.
IV
Most of the parents of the dolls bought at Ziyan Doll Market love them. There is little abuse and discrimination. However, there were also some internal conflicts within the clan. In 1823 (the third year of Daoguang), Ziyan Mamou sold a baby to Du Mou, and Du Mou named the baby Du Yuying and sent it to study. Later, he entered school and made up for it. In 1852 (the second year of Xianfeng), he was promoted to the Renzi branch and became a celebrity who could write good books. When Du Yuying came back from the middle school, the Du family gave a big banquet with flags, umbrellas and drums, and flocked to the Du family ancestral hall and the Du family ancestral grave to hold a ceremony to worship the ancestors. Hearing this, the Ma family led many men and women to carry people, saying that Du Yuying's lineage should be sacrificed to the ancestors of the Ma family and worshipped their graves. At loggerheads, the two sides flocked to the government of Xichong County. The county magistrate (county magistrate) asked Du Yuying's opinion. Du said, "The Ma family thought I was a descendant of the Ma family, so I shouldn't have sold me when I was a child. Since the price was sold, the relationship between the Ma family was cut off, and I was raised by the Du family and sent me to study, especially not related to the Ma family. How can we go to worship the ancestors of the Ma family and worship the graves of the Ma family? It is an old saying that parents are small and parents are big. " Ask the county magistrate to show me Xiao Yu, who belongs to the baby bought during the Wenchang session of Ziyan Temple, the family shall not discriminate, and foreigners shall not cause trouble. The county magistrate ruled according to Du Yuying's words, and presented an explanation, and the problem was solved. Since then, the correction between clans has rarely occurred, but within the clan, the buyer's parents still have to give gifts to the patriarch and entertain the elders of each room before they can join the buyer's clan. Eat the "Qingming Festival" and become the descendants of the clan.
5
On the surface, the biological parents who sold and abandoned the baby don't admit that they are their own, but some of them are eager to miss the baby, and whenever they know where the baby is, they often make excuses to visit in secret. And secretly buy something to eat, such as "pot loss" and "twist", and secretly give it to the baby when the buyer's parents are away, but the Ministry does not tell the baby his name and tell the truth. As long as he sees that the baby is very good, he will bury his head and leave, so as not to cause disputes. The pain of parents' hearts can be seen here, but minor disputes occurred frequently in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.
Six
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the "Wenchang Club" and the "doll market" in Ziyan have been eliminated together. In 195s, Hongyan Commune also held an "exhibition of doll market", which exposed the misery of doll market and the evils of the old society. In the past, the sale of baby in Dawangya was very rare, and a scene of prosperity rose. Looking back at Dengya, it is like a ring in the distance. The crops are green, the mountains and rivers are clear, the Longmen Mountain is guarded in the east, the Jiuping Village is supported by the blue sky in the west, the jade wind in the south, the steep cliffs, the Silk Palace in the north and the clouds in the peak. On the cliff, it is yellow and swaying, full of vitality, and it has the potential to shine forever. In the past, the children's market was sold, and today merchants gathered. It is to invigorate the rural economy, expand the circulation of commodities and contribute to other brilliant youth.
Economic overview
Since the reform and opening up, especially in the recent two years in the new century, people in Xichong have closely focused on the development strategy of "industrialization, private operation and ecological satellite city", firmly grasped the four major work priorities of "prospering the county through industry, enriching the people through animal husbandry, attracting investment and operating the city", and basically formed the pattern of opening up to the outside world, urban construction, structural adjustment, environmental improvement and social stability. In 22, the county's gross domestic product (GDP) reached 1.5 billion yuan, 11.5 times that of 1979; The general budget revenue reached 78.11 million yuan, 22 times that of 1979. In the city's annual target assessment in 22, the comprehensive evaluation of industrial economy ranked first, investment in fixed assets ranked second, urban construction and management ranked second, investment attraction ranked third, and rural economy ranked fourth.
the rural economy is developing rapidly, and the process of agricultural industrialization is accelerating. In 1979, the total agricultural output value of Xichong County was only 95.76 million yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 7.