writing analysis 1. This article reposes dissatisfaction with reality in the form of telling stories of the former dynasty.

(1) try to summarize the center of this article.

Reference: Through the experience of a famous family, it reflects the dark reality of the fatuity of the emperor, the corruption of bureaucrats and the deep suffering of the people, and shows that the author is dissatisfied with the dark rule in the Qing Dynasty.

Analysis: Just because the palace was aggressive and promoted, it brought bureaucratic layers of exploitation. The lower class people died, lost everything and suffered because of a bug, and they were also rich because of a bug, so the bureaucrats were rewarded. It can be seen that the society at that time was absurd and dark, and the author made a profound exposure, sharp irony and powerful attack on the society at that time.

(2) The author wants to attack the Qing Dynasty in which he lived, but borrows what happened in the Ming Dynasty to write. What kind of technique is this?

reference: borrowing the past to satirize the present.

Analysis: Here, the author uses Qubi to put the story in the "Xuande room", so that he can write freely and avoid the persecution of "Wenwang".

(3) Take the first paragraph as an example, and talk about why "several families' property" is lost because of a promotion organization. (Answer briefly in the original text)

Reference: The palace is still promoting weaving, Huayin makes you want to flatter Shangguan, and the ranger is upright, and Li Xu takes leave of this subject to collect Ding Kou.

Analysis: The drama that was promoted in the palace was a curse. The county magistrate and Li Xu took the opportunity to search for it, and even the "ranger" who was not doing his job added fuel to the flames, so the kind people went bankrupt, which is a relatively complete portrayal of the dark reality. 2. The plot of this article is ups and downs, with twists and turns. Throughout the story of the novel, taking crickets as clues, the unfortunate experience of a famous family is described as ups and downs. Please summarize the three changes of sadness and joy of becoming a famous family.

reference: from sadness to joy, from joy to sadness, and sorrow is extremely happy.

analysis: at the beginning of the story, fame is sad because it can't find a good bug and kills twice; When a wife asks God for a picture, she is happy to become famous according to the good worm of the picture worm; Chengzi's failure killed Promotion, so he committed suicide by throwing himself into the well. Being a son's soul promotes weaving, is brave and good at fighting, and brings wealth and fame to his father, which can be described as great joy. In the ups and downs of the plot, the persecution of the famous family was shown layer by layer, and the corruption and evil of the dark rule in feudal society were fully exposed. 3. The psychological description of the characters is true and delicate, and the vivid characters are portrayed. The author often uses psychological description to describe characters. For example, when writing a name, the full text uses verbs expressing thoughts such as desire, thinking, thinking, self-thinking, and caring, and words expressing psychological state such as courage, melancholy, fear, sorrow, joy, joy, surprise, anger, ash, surprise, inferiority, timidity, and shame. Try to find out several psychological activities that determine the fate of fame because of promoting weaving. (Just find out the corresponding words)

Reference: melancholy, suicidal, exultation, anger, sorrow, joy, fear, shame, dare not, surprise.

analysis: when recruiting for promotion, you are "depressed to death", and when you are beaten because your promotion is not in the money, you are "thinking about yourself"; I was "overjoyed" when I got the promotion of "giant body trimming tail, green neck and golden wings" and celebrated with my family; When he learned that his son was going to be killed, he was "angry". When his son got a little better, he saw that the cage was empty and he was "stiff and worried for a long time". When he suddenly heard the insects outside the door, he "started up", "caught them with joy" and "received them with joy". Because of his small size, he was "afraid of improper intentions". When you try to fight, you first "feel ashamed and dare not compare", and then from "great joy" to "beneficial surprise" These psychological changes are closely related to their fate.

author of "Promoting Weaving": Pu Songling preached the virtue room, and the palace was still promoting weaving, and the people were recruited at the age. This thing is not made in the west; There is Huayin who wants to flatter Shangguan, with a head-on, trying to make a fight, because of the responsibility. Make it right with responsibility. Those who are the best in the city wanderers are caged, upright and upright, and they are exotic goods. Li Xu is a fool, and if this branch collects Ding Kou, he will be responsible for one end and pour out the property of several families. There are famous people in the city who fuck the boy business and don't sell it for a long time. Being a pedantic person, I have been serving as a cunning professional newspaper, and I can't get away with it without trying my best. If you don't reach the end of the year, you will be exhausted. I will levy a promotion, but I dare not collect my hukou, but I have no compensation, and I am depressed to death. The wife said, "What good is death? It's better to search for it yourself, just in case. " Naturally. Go out early and return at dusk, lift the bamboo tube and silk cage, explore the ancient hair points at the place where the grass is blocked, and fail to do anything. That is, catch three or two heads, and be inferior and weak. Slaughter is strictly limited to chasing after the match, more than ten days, and the staff is up to a hundred. The pus and blood are displaced between the two clothes, and the worms can't be caught. Turn to the side of the bed, but think of yourself. At that time, a hunchback witch came to the village, who could predict with the gods. Having a wife is worth asking. See old woman with grey hair, the red lady, stuffing the door. When you enter the house, the curtain hangs in the secret room, and a few incense sticks are placed outside the curtain. Ask Ruo Xiang Yu Ding, goodbye. The witch looked from the side and wished for nothing, but kissed her lips and kissed her. I don't know what the word is. Stand up and listen. In a short time, a piece of paper is thrown out of the curtain, that is, the Taoist priest likes what he wants, and nothing is refreshing. In the case of a wife paying money, the worship is like the predecessors. When you eat, the curtain moves and a piece of paper falls. Pick it up, draw it instead of words: Chinese painting halls and pavilions, like Lan Ruo; Behind the hill, strange rocks lie in disorder, needles are clustered with thorns, and the head is covered with green hemp; Next to a frog, if you will dance. You can't know the exhibition. However, see the promotion of weaving, hidden in the mind. Fold it and hide it, and show it. I've been thinking over and over again, so I have nothing to teach me to hunt insects. Looking at the landscape, it looks like a giant Buddha pavilion in the east of the village. It is a strong crutch, and after holding the Tuyi Temple, there is an ancient tomb. Walking along the mausoleum, I saw squatting on stone scales, just like painting. So I listened to Xu Xing in the middle of Hao Lai, like looking for needle mustard. But the mind and ears are poor, and there is no sound. Before I could find it, a frog suddenly jumped away. Cheng Yishu, hurry to take advantage of it, and the frog will enter the grass. Creeping around, I saw insects crouching on the roots of thorns. Then pounce on it and enter the stone cave. With sharp grass, it won't come out; Fill it with barrel water, and it will come out, which is extremely handsome and healthy. Get it one by one Examine, giant body trim tail, green top and golden wings. Great joy, cage home, family celebration, although even the arch wall is also. Raised in a basin, the crab is white and chestnut yellow, and it is extremely protective, leaving it to the deadline to plug the official responsibility. Cheng Youzi was nine years old, and when his father was away, he stole the hair basin. The worm jumps out of the path and cannot be caught quickly. And pounce on it, it's already cracked, and you have to die. If a child is afraid, he will tell his mother. When the mother heard this, her face turned gray and she was frightened, saying, "Yegen, it's time to die! When Weng returns, I will count my ears with you! " My son went away in tears. After a while, I returned home and heard my wife's words, such as being snowed. Angry son, I don't know where to go. Then he got his body in the well, so he turned anger into sorrow and grabbed his heart. Husband and wife are facing each other, and there is no marriage in the cottage. They are relatively silent and no longer talk about it. The day will be dusk, and the children will be buried. Close to caress it, the breath is awkward. I am happy on the couch and wake up in the middle of the night. The husband and wife are a little comforted, but the children are stunned and sleepy. If you take care of the crickets' empty cages, you will die and swallow, and you will no longer think about children, and you will be unconscious and have no eyes. Dong Xi is driving, lying stiff and worrying for a long time. Suddenly I heard the insects chirping outside the door, and I started to look at them. The insects are still there. Catch it if you like, jump at once, and move quickly. Return it to the palm of your hand, and it is empty if there is nothing; If you cut it by hand, you will jump suddenly. Rush to it, turn over the corner of the wall and get lost in it. Looking around, I saw insects crouching on the wall. The truth of the trial is short, black and red, and it is not the former. Success is small and bad. Just look around and look for what you are looking for. The worm on the wall suddenly jumps down between the sleeves, and looks like a native dog, with plum blossom wings, square head and long shin, which means good. Take it with joy. Will be presented to the court, afraid of improper intentions, think about the fight to try it. Young busybodies in the village domesticate a worm, calling themselves "Crab Shell Green", which is invincible with their children. If you want to live in it for profit, but you can't sell it. I made a visit to Cheng Lu, and I saw what I had accumulated, but I smiled behind my back. Because of the worm, Nabi is in a cage. Seeing it as it is, the cage is repairing Wei, and it is self-increasing, and it is afraid to compare. Teenagers are strong. It's no use worrying about storing inferior things. It's better to fight hard and laugh, because you have a bucket. A worm can't move, and it's as stupid as a wooden chicken. The teenager laughed again. Try to stir the whiskers with pig hair, but it still doesn't move. The teenager laughed again. Repeatedly provoked, the insect was furious and went straight to it, so he slammed each other and cheered up. When I saw the bug leaping, its tail stretched out and its whiskers reached the enemy's collar. The youth is terrible, and the urgent solution stops. The insects are singing proudly, as if they were reported to the Lord. Cheng daxi. Party * * * looking to play, a chicken glance, diameter into the peck. Cheng Hao screamed, but fortunately, he missed, and the worm jumped to the foot. Chickens advance, push them one by one, and worms are already under their claws. I was saved in a hurry, and I was eclipsed. When you see the chicken stretching its neck and flapping, you will see that the insects will gather on the crown and bite hard. Chengyi was surprised and put in a cage. Wing day into the slaughter, slaughter see its small, angry. Tell the difference, but don't believe it. Try to fight other insects, and the insects will be exhausted. Try the chicken again, as promised. It is a reward, and it is dedicated to the army. Fu jun is very happy, and he enters with a golden cage, and his ability is carefully sparse. When he entered the palace, he tried all the different forms of butterflies, mantis gladiators, oil tarts and moss forehead in the world, and there was no one like him. Every time you hear the sound of harps and harps, you should dance to the festival. Yiqizhi. On the great Jiayue, I was given a letter to Fu Chen's famous horse, clothes and satin. Caressing the minister does not forget what he has done, and there is nothing wrong with it. Kill yue, avoid service. He also instructed the scholars to send him to the city. After the age of 4, Chengzi's spirit revived, and he was self-expressive, self-motivated, agile and good at fighting. This is the beginning of Su Er. Fujun is also thick and successful. In a few years, there are hundreds of hectares of fields, thousands of pavilions and rafters, and thousands of cattle and sheep hoofs; As soon as he went out, Qiu Ma lived in a family. Different Shi Shi said: "The son of heaven occasionally uses one thing, but it may not be forgotten; And the practitioners are the rules. It is more endless to be abused by officials and greedy officials, and to sell women and children every day. Therefore, every step taken by the son of heaven is a matter of people's lives, and it is not possible to ignore it. It is only the son of Cheng who helps the poor and promotes the rich. When it is in the right, when it is blamed, it means that it is so far! Heaven will reward those who grow thick, so they will make them caress the ministers and make them Yin, and they will be promoted by them. Smell it: one person soars, fairy and chicken and dog. Shinfu! " The Snake Catcher's Theory (Liu Zongyuan) Original and Translation

There are different snakes in the wild of Yongzhou, which are black and white; Touch the grass and die; To bite people, there is no defense. If you get it, you can get the bait, such as strong wind, spasm, fistula, furuncle, muscle loss and killing three insects. At the beginning, the imperial doctor gathered them by the king's order, and the second one was given at the age of 2, and those who could be arrested were recruited and rented in. Forever people struggle to run.

if you have Chiang's family, you will only benefit the third generation. When asked, he said, "My father died when my father died. I have been an heir for twelve years now, and how many people have died. " In a word, if you are very worried.

I was sad and said, "What if it's poisonous? I will tell the person who is present, and if I serve, what if I am endowed? "

Wang Ran, a great relative of Jiang's family, said with tears, "Will you be born with sorrow? Then it is unfortunate for us to serve, and it is unfortunate if we do not reply to my fu. If you don't serve me, you will be ill for a long time. Since I lived in my hometown for the third time, I have been 6 years old, but my neighbors' birthdays are frowning, and they are exhausted from their homes, and they call for disciples, hunger and thirst, touch the wind and rain, make cold and heat, shout and hiss, and often the dead borrow each other. Those who live with my ancestors have no room today; Those who live with my father are all in the room today; Those who have lived with me for twelve years have nothing to do with it today. Either die or move. And I live alone by catching snakes. When the fierce officials come to my hometown, they clamor for things, and they rush to the north and the south. Those who are stunned and horrified, although chickens and dogs can't be peaceful. I stand up and look at it, while my snake is still lying down. Eat it, and sometimes offer it. Retreat and eat what is in the soil, so as to do my best. Cover the one-year-old guilty of the dead; The rest, they are happy and happy. Is it true that there is a Dan in my hometown neighbor? Even if I die today, it will be worse than the death of my neighbor. How dare I poison you? "

the more I hear it, the sadder it becomes. Confucius said, "tyranny is fiercer than tiger." I doubt it, but I still believe it with Jiang's view. Whoo! Who knows that the poison of fu Lian is very snake! Therefore, it is said that it is necessary for the husband to observe the people.

Translation

A strange snake grows in the countryside of Yongzhou, with black leather and white patterns; When it touches vegetation, grass

trees will die; If you bite, there is no cure. However, catching this snake, drying it in the sun and using it as < P > drug bait, can be used to cure leprosy, hand and foot bending, neck swelling, malignant sores, eliminate necrotic muscles and kill parasites in human body < P >. At the beginning, Emperor Tai Medical ordered the collection of this kind of snake, which was collected twice a year, to recruit people who could catch this kind of snake and let him catch snakes to offset his rent. People in Yongzhou are scrambling to do this job.

There is a man named Jiang who has enjoyed the benefits of catching snakes alone for three generations. I asked him, but he said,

"My grandfather died on the errand of catching snakes and my father died on this errand. Now I've been doing this job for ten

two years, and I almost died several times. " When he said these words, his face seemed sad.

I pitied him and said, "Do you hate doing this job? I'm going to tell the competent officer to change your job and restore your rent. What do you think? "

He was so sad and tearful that he said, "Do you want to pity me so that I can live? Then I

tell you that the misfortune I suffered in doing this job is far less than the misfortune I suffered in restoring the lease. If I had

not done this job before, I would have been in dire straits. It has been

6 years since my family lived in this place for three generations. In the past 6 years, the life of the neighbors has become more and more difficult. They have taken out all the crops in their fields and used up all their family income (and they have not paid enough rent). They have to cry and move around, hungry and thirsty, and they have fallen to the ground, attacked by storms, suffering from severe cold and heat, breathing poisonous

epidemic gas, and often dying. The family that used to live with my grandfather is now one out of ten. The family that lives with my father is now rare to have two or three out of ten households;

I have lived with people for twelve years, and now there are rarely four or five out of ten households. Those families are either dead

or moved away. And I survived alone by catching snakes. Violent officials came to our place

, shouting and screaming around, harassing and destroying the environment everywhere, threatening and horrified the village, and even chickens and dogs were restless

. Thinking about it in my heart, I got up and looked at the crock. The snake was still in it, so I lay down again. I carefully feed the snake

, and then send the snake up to make a job. After I came home, I ate the things that grew in the fields with relish and came to

finish my years. There are only two deaths in a year; I can live happily the rest of the time. How can my neighbors die every day! Now even if I die in this job, it will be too late compared with those

dead neighbors. How can I hate this job? "

I feel even more sad after listening to his words. Confucius said, "A cruel decree is more violent than a tiger." I once doubted this statement. Now, judging from Chiang's experience, Confucius' statement is still credible. Alas! Who knows that the harm of rent

is far greater than the harm of this poisonous snake! Therefore, I wrote this "talk" for this matter, waiting for

those who observe people's feelings to see it.

the first volume of the ninth grade of junior middle school Chinese-text analysis _23 snake catcher said

text analysis

This article was written by Liu Zongyuan, a famous writer in the Tang Dynasty, when he was demoted to Yongzhou as a Sima. At that time, he was in a political predicament, and was actually a "sinner" in charge, feeling very depressed. Nevertheless, he still cares about social problems, often asks people about their sufferings, and expresses his desire to reform politics by writing. Through the dictation of the snake catcher Jiang, the author of this article reflects the tragic experience of Jiang's three generations who would rather risk their lives to catch snakes than suffer from "tax collection", portrays the brutality of fierce officials, profoundly exposes the sin of the feudal ruling class, and expresses the author's deep sympathy for the working masses.