Shaxian snack is known as the "living fossil" of the traditional diet of the ancient Han nationality, which belongs to a branch of the long-standing dietary culture tradition of the Han nationality in the Central Plains. There are not only the food characteristics of Fuzhou and Minnan, but also the food culture style of Hakka in Tingzhou Mountain area. Therefore, Shaxian snacks with strong local characteristics can be divided into two schools, namely, Chengguan snack pie with fresh and sweet taste and exquisite production of Shaxian bean-flavored glutinous rice cake, and its representative varieties are flat meat (pasta), steamed dumplings, meat buns and so on, which are unique; Xiamao snack pie, with salty and spicy taste, is widely made, represented by Xiamao town. Its raw materials are mainly rice, potatoes and taro, such as frozen rice, sweet potato, frozen rice skin (japonica rice-indica rice noodles) and beef series.
So, where is the most representative Shaxian snack? Historically, Xia Maoren was basically a Hakka and liked to go out. Therefore, Xiamao school snacks are the earliest and most popular snacks, and Xiamao people are found almost all over the country. This mobility also separates the raw material processing and business services of Xiamao snacks, that is, processing does not operate, business does not process, forming a simple and repetitive work with low technical content. However, Shaxian people are mountain people and like to process and operate by themselves, that is, the family-run business model of "front shop and back workshop". Shaxian snacks of Chengguan School are well-made and varied, and become the protagonists of Shaxian snacks. Therefore, people who have been to Shaxian must taste Shaxian snacks. After eating Shaxian snacks, they all lamented that "Shayang returned without snacks".
[Edit this paragraph] Snacks become a big industry
Shaxian snack has formed an industrial scale, and the number of snack practitioners is also growing. Shaxian snack industry development project has developed rapidly with the concern of central, provincial and municipal leaders and the support of relevant departments. According to statistics, up to now, the number of people who go out to operate "Shaxian Snacks" has reached10.3 million, nearly 50,000, accounting for 29% of the total rural population in Shaxian, and Shaxian fragrant steamed dumplings account for 55% of the rural labor force, driving nearly 10,000 people in urban and rural areas across the country to engage in Shaxian snack industry. Farmers in the snack industry earn nearly 500 million yuan a year. "Shaxian Snacks" has become an important measure to solve the "three rural issues" in Shaxian, and an effective channel to promote the transfer of urban and rural labor force, solve the re-employment of farmers and laid-off workers in cities and towns, and increase farmers' income. At the same time, Shaxian snacks have enriched and prospered the catering market all over the country, bringing convenience to people from all walks of life. Secondly, the development area is constantly expanding. At present, "Shaxian Snacks" have spread all over more than a dozen provinces and cities such as Fuzhou, Xiamen and Quanzhou, as well as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Shantou, Zhuhai, Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Hainan, Changsha, Wuhan and other places outside the province, and have been extended to Jiangsu, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Beijing and other provinces and cities, and have been well received by consumers everywhere. "
[Edit this paragraph] Shaxian snacks tend to be standardized
With the expanding influence of Shaxian snacks abroad, there are also problems such as nonstandard operation, inconsistent standards, brand confusion and disorderly competition among business owners. In order to realize the change of snack owner from an ordinary farmer to a modern catering manager as soon as possible, and at the same time improve the grade and popularity of Shaxian snacks, Shaxian county should strengthen training from the quality of employees. Shaxian established Shaxian Snack Training Center in county vocational secondary school, and founded Shaxian Snack cooking school to provide professional and technical training for rural surplus labor, unemployed youth, laid-off workers and vocational school students in turn. Shaxian Snack Office staff often go to various towns and villages to hold Shaxian Snack business technical training-Ciba class, which provides technical training for rural people who go out to make snacks.
At present, Shaxian focuses on strengthening standardized training. Snack training service center provides standardized and intensive training for business owners in terms of professional ethics, standards, market information, business philosophy, health knowledge, health management and rights protection knowledge, so as to improve their technical level and management level. In 2004, Shaxian snack bar was allowed to use the registered trademark of Shaxian snack. This year, the standardization of snack management in Shaxian County was implemented, and the standard demonstration stores of Shaxian snacks were cultivated, which put forward specific requirements for the quality of snack operators, the standards of snack bars, the quality standards of snack varieties and management services. And actively guide the business owners to carry out rectification and upgrading according to the requirements of Shaxian snack management norms, and promote a number of snack bars with a certain foundation to take the lead in realizing standardized operation. Thoroughly clean up snack bars that have not gone through the application procedures for registered trademarks of Shaxian snacks and do not operate according to business norms and standards, and order them to suspend business and cancel their trademark use rights. In cities with more snacks in Shaxian, relying on local cooking associations, foreign trade management organizations will be gradually established, and self-management and self-restraint mechanisms will be established. At present, Shaxian snack industry management agencies have been established in Shanghai, Xiamen and Hangzhou. Shaxian strives to achieve standardized management of Shaxian snacks through three years' efforts. Now, Shaxian people have designated 65438+February 8th every year as "Shaxian Snack Festival".
[Edit this paragraph] Shaxian snacks form a big brand
In order to lead the snack owner to highlight his own characteristics and make the brand famous, Shaxian registered the service trademark of Shaxian snack with 1998 in the Trademark Office of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. In 2002, the trademark was recognized as a well-known trademark in Sanming City, Shaxian County, and in 2005, it was recognized as a well-known trademark in Fujian Province. Since 2003, Shaxian Snack Association has actively organized snack owners to participate in various industry activities held at the national and provincial levels and participate in various national tourism cooking competitions. The National Cuisine Association and Fujian Cuisine Association also held a commendation meeting for "Chinese Famous Snacks" and "Fujian Famous Snacks" in Shaxian.
The brand advantage of Shaxian snacks is gradually emerging. From June 5th to 10 this year, Shaxian Snack Association organized and participated in the second China Catering Expo held by the Ministry of Commerce in Xi. Among them, three famous snack varieties in China won gold and silver prizes in the recommended recipes and dishes exhibition of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. In 2003 and 2004, China Hotel Association and Fujian Cuisine Association held special commendation conferences on "Famous Chinese Snacks" and "Famous Fujian Snacks" in Shaxian respectively. At present, 63 varieties of "Shaxian Snacks" such as Emerald Dumplings, Fruit Tower, Chrysanthemum Crisp and Double-color Diamond Cake have been identified as "Fujian Famous Snacks", and 43 famous varieties such as Flat Meat, Steamed Dumplings, Taro Bread and Baoxin Tofu Pills have been identified as "Chinese Famous Snacks". In 2003, Shaxian was awarded the title of "China Snack Town" by China Hotel Association. June, 2006165438+1October14th Shaxian was recognized as "China snack cultural city" by China Cuisine Association.
[Edit this paragraph] "Shaxian Snack": Shaxian's foreign business card.
The influence of Shaxian snack brand is constantly expanding. Since 1997, we have designated 65438+February 8th every year as China O Shaxian Snack Culture Festival, and used the festival to carry out a series of activities to create a development atmosphere and promote Shaxian and Shaxian snack brands. Especially in February 2005, with the support of the Provincial Economic and Trade Commission, the Provincial Cuisine Association and the Shaxian People's Government jointly held a high-level "Shaxian Snack Development Seminar". Leaders and experts from China Cuisine Association and China Hotel Association, leaders from Fujian Provincial Economic and Trade Commission, Cuisine Association, Industry and Commerce Bureau, Trademark Office and other departments and units, as well as more than 65.438+10,000 experts and scholars from the culinary circles in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Sichuan and Jiangsu attended the seminar. While fully affirming the development achievements of Shaxian snack industry, Shaxian noodle mixing experts fully expressed their opinions on how to upgrade the grade, strengthen management, establish brand and development direction in Shaxian snack development. At the same time, a large-scale concert of CCTV's "One Song O Walks into Shaxian, the hometown of snacks in China" was held, and a variety of Shaxian snacks, such as fine flat meat, steamed dumplings, steamed dumplings and tofu balls, were produced and performed on the spot at the "One Song" party, which showed Shaxian snacks to the national audience and put them on the screen, further expanding the influence of Shaxian and Shaxian snacks. This year, according to expert opinions, the county party committee and government studied and issued a series of standardized management documents and measures. At present, Shaxian snack industry management organizations have been established in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xiamen and other cities, and a number of demonstration stores have been cultivated to promote the development of Shaxian snack management in the direction of standardization, chain and industrialization, which will achieve remarkable results. Shaxian snack has become a new industry in China catering industry.
[Edit this paragraph] ★ Shaxian snack culture
Regarding Shaxian snacks, some people put forward the view that "Shaxian snacks only have snacks but no big dishes". In fact, as a single variety, although snacks are "small", many snacks can be combined to form a larger scale and style. In recent years, the influence of Shaxian snacks inside and outside the county is a strong proof that "snacks can make big articles".
Shaxian snack culture contains a strong sense of fine products. This fine product means that it runs through the whole process of snack making. Most of the flat meat stuffing in Shaxian county is made of wooden sticks. It is understood that it takes 10000 times to make a mass of lean meat into flat meat stuffing, and the degree of hard work can be imagined. If you use a meat grinder, it will be very labor-saving, but the taste and toughness of meat stuffing are far less than those made with mallets. Therefore, many flat meat operators have given up the easy and simple modern operation methods, preferring to stand in front of a stage half a person's height and have a look at Shaxian snack-minced meat sesame cake, and wave a heavy hammer to provide better food for the society.
Shaxian snacks also have obvious brand awareness. To buy preserved duck, you should buy Zhenghu preserved duck. To eat loach powder, you should eat loach powder in Xia Nan. The pickles in Gaosha are delicious, and the bitter bamboo shoots with rich mouths are white and fat. The bitter vegetables in Rhoda, taro buns and noodles in Xiamao are all famous. In addition to these brands with local characteristics, the operators of Shaxian snacks are also trying to create their own brands. Brand names such as tofu banquet in Shaxian Hotel, frozen rice skin in Qiaokou and cattle series in Xiamao are not only symbols of success, but also magic weapons to win.
Shaxian snack culture also contains a strong sense of the times in serving life. In providing people with life services, it has the characteristics of "fast, convenient, time-saving and trouble-saving", which conforms to the characteristics of socialization and fast pace of housework in modern society.
Shaxian snack culture has strong sense of competition. This sense of competition is not only manifested in the above-mentioned awareness of fine products and brands, but also in thoughtful and enthusiastic service methods and attitudes. In Shaxian, a snack market with many stalls and fierce competition, almost every operator understands that honest management and enthusiastic service are the fundamental guarantee for a firm foothold.
What constitutes the positive significance of Shaxian snack culture is pioneering consciousness. In recent years, more and more Shaxian people have gone out of Shaxian to the world under the banner of Shaxian snacks. Signs of Shaxian snacks can be seen in Sanming, Nanping, Quanzhou and Xiamen. As far as snack culture is concerned, it really benefits from this pioneering spirit.
The consciousness of fine products, brand, times, competition and development of Shaxian snack culture is the essence of Shaxian snack culture, and it is also the spiritual driving force for the rapid development and increasing influence of Shaxian snack.
[Edit this paragraph] ★ Elegant talk about Shaxian snacks
Shaxian snack is famous for its variety, unique flavor and economic benefits, and has become a wonderful flower in Fujian's food culture garden. Shaxian snacks are not only popular in counties (cities, districts) of Sanming City, but also in Nanping, Fuzhou, Xiamen and other places, even as far north as Beijing and Shenzhen, and in Saipan, a Pacific tourist resort in Singapore and the United States, snack bars with "Shaxian snacks" signs can often be found. It shows that Shaxian snacks have great influence and wide spread. According to incomplete statistics, there are hundreds of kinds of snacks in Shaxian County, and there are dozens of kinds that are supplied all the year round. They are steamed, boiled, fried, roasted and pickled, and their processing methods are varied. The raw materials of rice, noodles, taro and tofu have unique local characteristics and rich sources. Every household can do several kinds. Snacks are available in the streets and alleys of the city 24 hours a day, which is very convenient.
Shaxian fish balls Shaxian snack varieties can be roughly divided into seasonal snacks, regional snacks and conventional ordinary snacks.
Let's talk about seasonal snacks first: during the Spring Festival, both urban and rural areas eat rice cakes, ginkgo and bazin, while urban areas eat noodles and rural areas eat dried noodles; Eat taro balls on Lantern Festival; Beginning of spring eats spring rolls; Qingming eats Qingming fruit; On the first day of the fourth lunar month, there are sweet and salty cakes; Every household in Lixia urban and rural areas eats fruit; There are two kinds of stuffing and no stuffing. Legend has it that during the Warring States Period, Sun Bin made special food to fool Pang Juan into pretending to be crazy. Eat zongzi, Chili cakes and lotus vegetable bags during the Dragon Boat Festival; Chinese Valentine's Day, also known as July 7th Festival, is a folk children's festival in Shaxian County. At this time, there was a new child at home. Grandma will send a small bag, an umbrella, an abacus, clothes, a small teapot, a sugar tower and a white sugar cake. I wish her good grades. Mid-Autumn Festival is also called Ghost Festival. At this time, new ducks and taro are on the market. Besides eating ducks, they also make taro balls. There are two kinds of Portuguese pearls in the market, one is made of glutinous rice and the other is made of flour. Besides serving them, adults and children also like to weigh a pound or two for snacks. Besides moon cakes and gingko cakes, we also eat taro balls during the Mid-Autumn Festival. When I was in beginning of winter, I ate pig's trotters and Ciba until the winter, and the number was to make up for the winter; On the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, the Dragon King often takes rock cakes, money cakes, Dong sugar, Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, rice fragrance and sugarcane as gifts.
Among the regional snacks, Xiamaoniu series has more than 60 kinds of delicacies such as taro buns, sugar steamed dumplings, tofu buns, tofu balls, tofu, rice frozen skin, money eggs and ointment. The most famous snack series in Shaxian County are egg element and egg horn in Nanyang, dried loach in Xia Nan and dried salted duck in Zhenghu.
Conventional snacks include: flat meat, clear soup noodles, mixed noodles, pickled noodles, ginkgo, oil cakes, torches, pig ears, hemp balls, rice frozen cakes, cakes, sugar packets, small dragon packets, meat packets, pancakes, cakes, large intestine cakes, rice cakes, dried duck soup, pot-side paste, fried dough sticks, Chili cakes, shortcakes and chopped green onion cakes.
[Edit this paragraph] ★ Shaxian snack features
Affordability is a well-known feature of Shaxian snack people. The unit price of Shaxian snacks is generally below one yuan. Three or two yuan, one is enough. In hot summer, a bowl of ice grass has the effect of clearing away heat and fire, which is more delicious than ice cream; In the cold winter, spending a few cents, a few pieces of dried bean curd and a dish of Chili douchi oil is enough to make you feel hot all over and sweat on your forehead.
The second characteristic of Shaxian snack is delicious. Almost all the operators of Shaxian snacks have a common historical tradition. The number of snacks made every day is small, usually made on the same day and sold out on the same day. From the perspective of raw material procurement and food preservation, this tradition effectively ensures the freshness of food. On the other hand, according to experts, the raw materials of snacks will be deformed if they are stored for more than half a day. Therefore, experienced snack operators prefer to shorten their business hours and reduce their turnover in order to maintain the reputation of snacks. This ensures the freshness and delicacy of Shaxian snacks. Judging from the production method, Shaxian snacks are mostly made and bought now, and the seasoning can increase or decrease with the habits of consumers, which is one of the important reasons why Shaxian snacks are delicious.
From the perspective of dietary science, Shaxian snack is a scientific and healthy food. Shaxian snack is basically a light food with low fat and calorie. One of the most important raw materials of Shaxian snack is soybean, and its nutritional content ranks among the best in all kinds of foods. Many raw materials and condiments of Shaxian flavor snacks are rich in nutrition. Some can use food as medicine, which has the function of eliminating diseases and protecting health. In order to carry forward the tradition of medical care of Shaxian flavor snacks, some people also set up medicated diets, which are welcomed by all walks of life.
Shaxian snack is a kind of spiritual enjoyment with strong nostalgia and full of interest. Shaxian snacks are all over the streets, and they have a natural emotional connection with residents. Street snacks are a street scene in Shaxian County, among which people who buy dried beancurd are particularly distinctive. Five or six people gathered around a small square table on the street, grabbing dried beans with their fingers and sending them to the import with seasoning. Food stalls are also a natural social place. It's really helpful to enjoy snacks and listen to diners chatting. Strictly speaking, without these sentiments, there would be no such atmosphere. It can't reflect the real cultural connotation of Shaxian snacks.
[Edit this paragraph] ★ Explore the origin of Shaxian snacks
Shaxian snack is famous for its variety, unique flavor and economic benefits, and has become a wonderful flower in Fujian's food culture garden.
Shaxian snack actually belongs to a branch of the long-standing Han diet culture tradition. Many snacks in Shaxian still retain the characteristics of the traditional consciousness and culture of the ancient Han nationality, and some even retain the original characteristics, which can be called "living fossils" of the traditional diet culture of the ancient Han nationality.
In recent years, "Shaxian salted duck" grandly launched in Shaxian County is an extremely ancient traditional food of Han nationality. The authentic name of "Shaxian salted duck" is "Shaxian preserved duck". Waxed meat products, collectively referred to as bacon, have a long history in China. The original meaning of bacon is dried meat made in the twelfth lunar month. As early as the Zhou Dynasty, the imperial court had the position of "La Ren". It is responsible for the processing of dried meat. The process of making dried meat is to chop cinnamon (spice) and ginger, sprinkle them on the meat, marinate them with salt, and finally dry them or bake them (see "Zhou Li"). The first official tomb massacre and the Book of Rites. Article 12 Internal Rules). The traditional practice of Shaxian preserved duck is basically the same as above, but the ingredients are slightly increased or decreased, and the baking method is more particular.
Shaxian's "wine brewing", "new red wine" and "winter wine" can also be found in Zhou Li. "Zhou Li" divides wine into "five spirits and three wines", which refers to five kinds of thin wines containing gold and silver in Shaxian County. Among them, "Yiqi" wine was cooked overnight and slightly sweet, which is obviously what Shaxian people call "fermented wine". "Three kinds of wine" is to filter out the bad three kinds of wine. The wine brewed on occasion is called event wine, and the wine brewed in Shaxian Chengguan and Xiamao can be called event wine. The wine brewed in winter and matured in summer is called yesterday wine, and the wine brewed for a long time is called sake. Yesterday, folks in Shaxian called to say that the wine was brewed at home. "Shaxian county annals. According to Pin, the wine brewed by Xia Mao can be divided into "long water" and "short water". Brewing in long water takes a long time, while brewing in short water takes a short time, just like "Yesterday's Wine" and "Sake" recorded by Zhou Li.
Shaxian pasta and tofu, which are famous for their delicacies, are not unique to Shaxian, but can be found in Han recipes. There is no gypsum or brine in the "order paste" of Shaxian tofu, but old slurry is used for the night, so Shaxian tofu is white and tender, which is not original in Shaxian. Bagongshan, Huainan, Anhui, who invented tofu, used old slurry to order tofu.
The spread of Han diet culture in the Central Plains to Shaxian County is naturally related to the southward migration of the population in the Central Plains. According to the genealogy survey, all the residents in Shaxian are descended from the Han nationality in the Central Plains province. Han people from all corners of the country moved to Shaxian, which is a gathering place of traditional Han food culture, which is one of the main reasons why Shaxian became a "snack city".
[Edit this paragraph] ★ Shaxian snack list
Rice: rice cakes, glutinous rice balls, gingko (sweet stuffing, salty stuffing and fried gingko), mugwort leaves, Ciba, loach powder, dried duck soup powder, dried yellow rice flour, meat dumplings, bean dumplings, bean paste dumplings, rice dumplings, rice frozen skin, rice frozen, preserved fruit and fruit balls.
Flour: flat meat, noodles, clear soup noodles, instant noodles, mixed noodles, noodles with thread, (Heshan) noodles, spring rolls, fried spring rolls, chili cakes, light cakes, moon cakes, shortcakes, chopped green onion cakes, leek cakes, cauliflower cakes, white sugar cakes, sugar cakes, crystal cakes, sweet cakes, almond cakes and grape noodles (open mouth).
Beans: bean curd, hot-mouthed bean curd, baked dried bean curd, fragrant dried bean curd, bean curd pill, sandwich bean curd pill, bean curd brain, stinky bean curd, oily bean curd, bean curd bag, gilded silver, vegetarian chicken, Hongwu bean curd, yipin bean curd, plum blossom bean curd, panda bean curd, jade roll bean curd, lotus bean curd, scar bean curd, fortress bean curd, huoshu honeysuckle flower, preserved bean curd.
Others: taro buns, taro loach, beef series, egg white, egg dumplings, egg sausage, preserved duck, Xiamao roast duck, Shaxian fish balls, wrapped fish balls, shredded taro, naked taro, jade cakes, dark plum cakes, poria cocos cakes, peanut cakes, ginseng cakes, jujube cakes, Osmanthus Jelly, sugar towers, beef sausages, rice paste and pig blood.