Oil pastel

The word "oil pastel" may not be well known to people who are not studying fine arts. This expression technique appears from time to time in some painters' daily works, and oil pastel is also a tool that children like to use for painting.

Oil pastels look like crayons, but they are not.

Oil pastels are delicate, smooth, spreadable and excellent in color overlapping and mixing. The most prominent superfine thickening coating material makes the coating more textured, and the coating weight is .2g/cm2. It can fully show the effect of oil painting and meet the needs of various painting skills and difficulties. The ultra-low temperature ammonia freezing makes the pressure density higher and the molecular structure of the rod more compact, with a single weight of about 8.5g. The breaking resistance is not less than 4N, and it is not easy to break and wear.

There are many kinds of oil pastels with domestic and imported brands. There are 12 colors, 16 colors, 25 colors and 5 colors in color; The models are popular, medium and coarse, etc.

The production steps of oil painting stick:

(1) The method of melting paraffin with turpentine and using saponified wax;

(2) Paraffin solution+linseed oil+pigment powder. The production method is the same as that of pigment chalk. The ratio of toner to wax oil liquid depends on the degree of oil absorption of toner.

Note:

(1) Acetone ester: available in chemical stores

(2) Raw linseed oil: China called green oil, which is the raw material for making various varnishes, is available in chemical stores

(3) Osmanthus fragrans oil: generally used as dental medicine material

(4) emulsified wax: milky white, opaque, like yogurt flavor.

Reminder: Use "three noes" for oil pastels

1. Don't place them in sunlight or high temperature environment. Oil pastels are easy to soften in high temperature environment.

2. Don't put it near flammable materials.

3. Don't let children swallow it, and remember to wash your hands after painting.

Reasons for liking oil pastels

Gu Zhongxiang Art Teacher (Luwan Children's Palace)

Generally speaking, children in kindergartens are more suitable to use oil pastels, because they are soft, oily and have a large coloring area, which is more convenient for children to use. Crayons and watercolor pens have a small coloring area and are easy to be broken or damaged by "careless" children.

Oil pastel is a kind of stick-shaped painting material, which is made of a special mixture of pigment, oil and wax. It is very simple to use, and children can draw directly on the painting, or enrich its effect with techniques such as color mixing, coating, scraping and layering. Unlike oil painting pigments and watercolor pigments, oil pastels are solid pigments, and there is no need for preparation for mixing colors or colors. Once you have the urge to paint, children can start creating at once.

16-25 color oil pastels are enough for children aged 3 to 7. Because a box of oil pastels is usually divided into four colors: red, yellow, blue and green. The red system will be divided into vermilion, fuchsia and pink, the yellow system will be divided into orange, orange and lemon yellow, the blue system will be divided into plain blue, lake blue and cobalt blue, and the green system will be divided into grass green, dark green and olive green. The choice of colors from 16 to 25 is basically enough for ordinary children, especially those who have just learned painting.

Generally speaking, children's favorite colors are simple and bright. These colors are beneficial for innocent children to cultivate optimistic and enterprising psychological quality and frank, pure and lively personality. Therefore, we will find that in a box of oil pastels, the first colors that children use up are often bright colors such as lemon yellow, orange yellow, lake blue and emerald green. Some brand oil pastels can be matched with a single color, so that you don't have to buy them box by box, resulting in an unbalanced phenomenon that some colors are always left over and some colors are used up at once.

Furthermore, oil pastels also bring some disadvantages: oil pastels are commonly used art supplies. However, the oil pastel contains a certain amount of soluble heavy metal elements, such as lead, barium, chromium, antimony, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, etc. Unknowingly ingesting these heavy metal elements will do harm to human body to a certain extent. The China Consumers Association once entrusted the National Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Cultural and Sports Supplies of Light Industry to test and compare the contents and product labeling of seven heavy metal elements such as antimony, arsenic, barium, chromium, cadmium, lead and mercury in 19 brands of oil pastels sold in Beijing market.

The results show that the content limits of the above seven heavy metal elements and their compounds in children's pigments in China's toy safety standards are somewhat lower than those in European toy safety standards. There is a killer behind the beautiful color. Dye is the main component of oil pastel, and the heavy metal in oil pastel mainly comes from the added inorganic dye, that is, natural ore. Heavy metal elements such as antimony, arsenic, barium, chromium, cadmium, lead and mercury in these ores will cause heavy metal poisoning when ingested in excess. Some compounds of arsenic are known carcinogens, which can cause skin cancer, lung cancer and digestive system cancer. All water-soluble compounds of barium are toxic, and the symptoms of poisoning include muscle twitching, hypertension, spasm and kidney damage.

so how to choose a safe oil painting stick in the market?

Decryption of oil painting stick

Lei Zhen Art Director (Shanghai Sakura Stationery Co., Ltd.)

Oil painting stick is composed of non-drying oil, pigment, calcium carbonate and soft wax. It has excellent softness and strong viscosity. Oil pastel was introduced into China, and now it has become the main material for children's painting because of its convenience and outstanding performance. At the same time, there are many kinds of oil pastels in the market, and the quality is uneven, which brings a lot of inconvenience to consumers. With the continuous expansion of demand, the production of similar products is increasing. Some inferior products can be identified at a glance from the rough appearance, while others are of acceptable color when used. In fact, the biggest harm of inferior products is that harmful substances exceed the standard. Experiments have proved that oil pastel pigments and roll paper contain arsenic (As), barium (Ba), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and other elements, such as the above substances exceeding the standard.

If parents are greedy for cheap, they will increase the chance of lead poisoning if they buy unqualified oil pastels from stalls or informal channels. Some people also like to tear off the paper skin of the oil pastel and paint directly with the stick, but I don't know that if you wash your hands before meals, you will eat lead in your mouth. Once the human body accumulates too much, it will cause harm.

So when buying oil pastels, you must go to the stationery counters or stationery stores in regular shopping malls and choose some oil pastels with good brand reputation. Because some well-known brands of oil pastels meet the industry standards of oil pastels, the safety of pigments used by children and the content of harmful substances are strictly controlled.

rules for buying oil pastels

1. The blood lead content of children in some cities in China has reached poisoning level, and there are many reasons for using painting articles with high lead content. For the healthy growth of children, children should be given safe and hygienic painting tools.

2. When buying oil pastels, you should go to a regular shopping mall or art supplies store to buy them. Don't be greedy for cheap. The quality of products in the wholesale market is sometimes difficult to guarantee.

3. When choosing an oil painting stick, pay attention to whether the labels on its packaging are complete, whether there are product names, factory addresses, safety signs, etc. At present, there are mainly two kinds of safety signs: "CE" and "CP".

4. See clearly whether the oil pastel has warning words, applicable age and so on.

5. Oil pastels are mostly used by children, which contain heavy metals. Therefore, they should develop good hygiene habits and wash their hands in time after use, so as to avoid ingesting heavy metals when eating, which is harmful to health.

Oil pastel is also one of the easy-to-use tools, which is by no means enlightening to oil painting technology. How can artists have enough strength to refuse this temptation?

crayon

crayon

A drawing made with crayons (wax liquid and pigment are fused and solidified) on paper, cloth or board. Crayons have no permeability, but are fixed on the screen by adhesion. It is not suitable to use too smooth paper or board, and it is impossible to obtain composite colors through repeated superposition of colors. However, through light rubbing or thick painting and hue contrast between colors, crayons can also receive rich, bright, calm and thick artistic effects. In addition, crayon drawing can also be directly used for artistic modeling through freely mastered thick and thin strokes, resulting in a highly generalized artistic image with a special childlike aesthetic feeling. It is an ideal tool for children to learn color painting, and some painters use it for sketching and color recording.

hot wax oil painting, also called Emcaustic, is an ancient painting technique in Europe, which appeared in Greece in the 4th century BC. Batik in Qin and Han dynasties in China is also a kind of wax painting. In the Louvre in Paris and the British Museum in London, there are well-preserved Egyptian statues painted with wax around the second century A.D., which have been well-preserved in color and surface for more than 2, years, unlike oil paintings, which have the fear of falling off, discoloration and cracking; The shroud painted by the Kebute people by wax painting, although the linen on the base has become fragments, the local color is still very beautiful and amazing. This technique had been lost in the Middle Ages, and it was not until the 19th century that some romantic painters revisited the wax painting materials. For example, Aroldbocklin (1827-191), a famous Swiss painter who painted the Island of the Dead, painted many of his works with wax. Modern painters such as Picasso also use wax painting to complete works. The main components of hot wax oil painting are beeswax, oil painting color and hardener, which has solved the problems of discoloration, cracking and falling off of oil paintings for many years. Hot wax oil painting works do not change color, crack or fall off, can be preserved for a long time, never change color, and always maintain the artistic effect of the works. However, due to the complex requirements for materials and techniques, we must make our own materials. At present, there are few people specializing in the research and creation of hot wax oil paintings in China.

chalk painting

pastel

a painting made of special colored chalk on paper with strong adhesion. Also known as pastel painting and toner painting. Its characteristics are opaque, dull and easy to master. By rubbing and rubbing, it can produce fresh, bright, rich and delicate color effects and express complex environmental atmosphere. You can also describe the texture and texture of the image in detail. Chalk painting has a long history in Europe. As far back as the 16th century, L da Vinci and others have begun to use it. In the 17th century, it spread to European countries and became an independent painting. The 18th century witnessed unprecedented prosperity. Impressionist painters have pushed chalk painting to a new stage, giving full play to its artistic expression.