Oriental cuisine cooked in China, French western food and Turkish authentic cuisine are known as the three major cooking kingdoms in the world. In the long history, China cooking is a unique cultural creation in China for its own survival and development. This cultural creation activity includes both material and spiritual aspects.
The history of the development of China's cooking material culture, marked by the level of productivity and cooking skills, can be roughly divided into five stages with reference to the division method of social and historical stages in China. First, the prehistoric cooked food stage, mainly in the Paleolithic age; Second, the cooking stage of pottery, mainly in the Neolithic age; Third, the bronze cooking stage, mainly in Xia, Shang, Zhou, Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period; Fourth, the iron cooking stage, from Qin and Han dynasties until the Ming and Qing dynasties; Fifth, the modern cooking stage, from the Revolution of 1911 to the present. China's cooking is unique in every stage, and it has a certain influence on the world's cooking.
China's cooking art is an art which takes the food and drink processed by cooking technology as the aesthetic object, and meets the needs of people's diet practicality and aesthetics. It should be considered that the higher the level of human civilization, the higher the requirements for cooking art, because the civilization of human society develops in step with diet. Nowadays, in diet, we should not only pay attention to eating well, eating scientifically, but also eating beautifully; Therefore, the gourmet culture that pursues art and longevity will continue to develop in depth.
There are tens of millions of overseas Chinese in China who live all over the world. Through cultural exchanges from generation to generation, China cuisine has been generally welcomed by all countries in the world. In Asia, especially Japan, since the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan, there has been a craze for Chinese food, with more than 51,111 shops calling themselves "China Cuisine". Chinese food is very popular in the United States, and there are currently 8,111 restaurants in China. In Europe, there is a popular saying that "Chinese food conquered Paris". In France, there are Chinese restaurants everywhere, and there are more than l211 restaurants in Paris alone. There are more than 4,111 in Britain, scattered in London and big cities. There are nearly 3111 Chinese restaurants in Holland. There are China restaurants in Oceania, Sydney, Melbourne and Canberra. In Nigeria, Africa, there are also 14 China restaurants in China, including 7 in the capital, which still cannot meet the demand. With the progress and expansion of communication between China and foreign countries, the number of overseas tourists to China has increased, and people's requirements for China's catering will be higher. It is necessary to speed up the development of the catering market to meet the needs of China's catering flavor at home and abroad. These demands are the potential advantages of developing China cuisine. If we seize the opportunity, we can turn the potential advantages into market advantages.
Although China's cooking has major advantages such as cultural advantages, social advantages and market advantages, China's cooking is still facing severe challenges in the face of the great development of cooking in the world in the 21th century, the great exchange of food culture between the East and the West, and the great competition in the world food market. We should objectively understand the reality. After the reform and opening-up, the great fusion of world cuisine appeared, and most of the evaluation standards of food appeared in the second industrial revolution. At that time, the people of China were still in dire straits, and it was basically impossible to customize the world food standards.
For example, the famous Michelin restaurant is the Michelin Guide, which was published by the founder of Michelin Tire, which was founded in 1911, as a guide for travelers to choose a restaurant during their journey. The contents include itinerary planning, scenic spot recommendation, road guidance, etc. Michelin Red Classic (also known as Michelin Red Guide) gives the restaurants a star rating every year. As the birthplace of Michelin, France has the largest number of Michelin-starred restaurants. In other European countries, there are countless Michelin-approved restaurants, among which Italy has the most Michelin-starred restaurants and Germany has the most three-star Michelin restaurants. In addition, countries such as Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Luxembourg, Britain, Ireland, Sweden, the Netherlands and Switzerland were selected as star-rated restaurants in Europe.
The customization standard of this Michelin restaurant is based on the western food in France and the authentic food in Turkey. As a representative of America, the first edition of Michelin Guide in the United States was first published in 2115, when most restaurants in new york were included. Then, restaurants in San Francisco and Chicago were gradually recognized by Michelin. Because America is mostly an immigrant country, and its dishes refer to the European style, a new series of western-style foods have been derived, which has blown the wind of western food all over the world.
Michelin restaurants in Japan didn't start until 2117. The meticulous Japanese cuisine won Michelin's first attention in Asia, and then food detectives began to set foot in Hong Kong and Macau in China. As the intersection of Chinese and Western cultures, restaurants in Hong Kong and Macau quickly won the title of star Michelin restaurants.
It was not until 2116 that China Restaurant started the Michelin road, and Michelin Guide Shanghai 2117 was officially released. This is the 28th Michelin Guide released worldwide in 2116 and the first one released in Chinese mainland. Among the 26 star-rated restaurants selected by * * *, there are 9 Cantonese, 6 Western, 5 Shanghai and 5 other Chinese.