(1) gray mold
There are V-shaped lesions, wet rot, botrytis cinerea, fruit top or pedicle rot, botrytis cinerea and botrytis cinerea after stem rot on the edge of leaves. The most suitable conditions are: first, the humidity in the greenhouse is too high, and second, the temperature is too low (15 ~ 26℃), and it is not easy to get sick when the greenhouse temperature is higher than 32℃.
Preventive and control measures:
First, spray 2 1 16 and related chemicals in time, and spray 50% Kaiser water dispersant (or Xerox or Amyl) every 16+3000 times.
Secondly, the greenhouse should be ventilated in time in the morning to reduce the humidity, and then the tuyere should be closed to raise the temperature in the greenhouse to 32 ~ 34℃, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of gray mold.
Third, after the corolla is infected with germs, the flower pedicle should be removed in time to prevent the diseases of fruits, leaves and stems.
Fourth, anti-gray mold agents can be added when dipping flowers.
② bacterial soft rot and cotton wilt
Eggplants are mostly rotten and have a bad smell, but the fruit has no hair and mud. In severe cases, the fruit will fall from the eggplant, commonly known as "falling eggs." This is the bacterial soft rot of eggplant, which is a common disease on eggplant. Most fruits turn yellow-brown when exposed to water, and a large number of white cotton floc mold layers grow on the diseased parts, which is the cotton wilt of eggplant.
Prevention and control measures: bacterial soft rot can be sprayed with drugs such as micronomicin, neophytomycin, gentamicin and norfloxacin or drugs containing diazole bacteria. When soft rot and cotton Fusarium wilt occur at the same time, the above-mentioned 1 pesticide can be selected respectively, and then +600 times silicon+16+3000 times+1% fermentation emulsion can be sprayed on the leaves every 7 days or so.
(3) Physiological boron and calcium deficiency.
Eggplant is not hairy, the whole fruit falls off the sepals, and the peel is not rotten, but it is still shiny, but after breaking the fruit, it is found that the pulp has turned brown or black. This situation is a physiological disease caused by the lack of nutrients such as boron and calcium in eggplant, but the lack of nutrients such as boron and calcium in eggplant is not caused by the lack of nutrients such as boron and calcium in the soil at present, but mainly due to the low soil temperature, poor root development, low activity and poor absorption ability of eggplant plants, and insufficient absorption of boron and calcium nutrients.
Preventive and control measures:
The first is to supplement nutrients such as calcium and boron.
Second, ridging cultivation, high greenhouse temperature management, raising soil temperature with high temperature, reasonable watering and fertilization, and raising roots at the same time. It is necessary to pay attention to small water irrigation, and the soil should be wet and dry clearly to avoid excessive drought and ensure the normal water and nutrient supply of eggplant.
Third, combined with disease prevention drugs, spraying 600 times silicone+1 16+3000 times+1% fermentation emulsion to promote root development and improve root activity and absorption capacity.
When preventing eggplant from rotten fruit, we should pay attention to "prevention first, comprehensive prevention", nip in the bud, diagnose disease types, and pay attention to the simultaneous prevention and control of various pests and diseases to ensure good commodity and high economic benefits of eggplant.