The Canary Islands, an island group in the northwest waters of Africa, covers an area of 7,273 square kilometers. It is an autonomous region of Spain and a territory of the European Union, with a population of about 2.9 million.

The eastern island group includes Lan Sarot Island, Fuerteventura Island and 6 small islands; The western island group includes Tenerife, gran canaria, Palma, Gomera and Ferro (also called Yero Island). Basic Introduction Chinese Name: Canary Islands Foreign Name: Islas Canarias Administrative Region Category: Autonomous Region: Canary Islands Autonomous Region: Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province, las palmas Government Resident: Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Las palmas covers an area of 7,273 square kilometers. Population: 2.9 million. Climatic conditions: Mediterranean climate famous scenic spots: Ted National Park Airport: Tenerife Island Airport, Grand Canary Gando Airport, etc. Introduction, etymology, geography, island list, climate, history, economy, geography, economy, culture, food, introduction of Canary Islands (Spanish: Islas Canarias[? izlas ka? na? Jas], local pronunciation: [? i? lah ka? na? jah]； Canarias, also known as Spanish, is an archipelago under the jurisdiction of Spain in the Atlantic Ocean southwest of Morocco. It is one of the 17 autonomous regions of Spain and one of the most extended special fields of the European Union. The Observatory has become a tourist attraction because of its subtropical climate with warm winters and cool summers, as well as scenic spots such as Mas Palomas and Ted Peak. Clean air and suitable geographical location make it also the location of Roqueque de Ross Muchacks Observatory and Ted Observatory. The Canary Islands Autonomous Region has two capitals, namely Santa Cruz de Tenerife and las palmas, which are also the capitals of the Spanish province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife and las palmas respectively. Since 1768, except for a short period in 191, las palmas has been the largest city in the archipelago, and the second largest city is Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Sancristobal, the third largest city in Lalaguna, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The etymology "Islas Canarias" probably comes from the Latin "Canariae Insulae", which means "Island with Dogs". According to Pliny the Elder, King Juba II of Mauritania was the creator of the name, because the latter believed that there were many kinds of big dogs on the island. Another theory about "dog" is that the word originally refers to a kind of sea dog, that is, monk seal (Latin "canis marinus"), and now this creature has become extinct in the Canary Islands. In addition, there is a saying that the Guanqis, the residents of the island, worship dogs. They regard dogs as sacred animals and mummify them. In fact, there is a legend in ancient Greece that there are a group of "kobolds" in the west who live on an island and worship dogs. There is also a saying that this dog worship is associated with the Egyptian god Anubis. Geographically, the Canary Islands, Azores, cap vert, Madeira and Barbarian Islands * * * form the Macaronia Islands Ecological Zone. Teide volcano on Tenerife Island is the highest mountain in Spain. Due to the geographical location of the island and the influence of trade winds, the climate is warm and humid, and sometimes it is very dry. Several local species are preserved on the island, such as Dracaena draco and Laurisilva illuminated leaf forest of Dracaena of Dracaena. Four of Spain's 13 national parks are in the Canary Islands. This is more than other autonomous regions: Parque Nacional de la Caldera de Taburiente on La Palma, Parque Nacional Garajonay on Tenerife, Parque Nacional del Teide on lanzarote, a volcanic archipelago off the northwest coast of the African continent. It is about 13 kilometers from the west coast of Africa in the east and 11 kilometers from Spain in the northeast. The islands are distributed in an arc with a length of about 48 kilometers. It consists of seven main islands, such as Tenerife, Gran Canaria, La Palma, Gomella, Ferro, lanzarote and Ventura, Fueter, and several small islands, which are divided into two groups: east and west. The total area is 7273 square kilometers. The largest of these islands is Tenerife, which is shaped like a pyramid, with a population of 1.367 million (1982). Most of them are mixed-race Spaniards and locals, who believe in Christianity and speak Spanish. The capital is las palmas. The islands are rugged and mountainous with steep coasts. The West Island Group is relatively high-lying, and Mount Ted (active volcano) on Tenerife Island is 3718 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak. The East Island Group is low-lying, with the highest point less than 73 meters above sea level, namely Lan Sarot Island and Fuetventura Island, which are closest to the African continent. The climate is mild and dry, and the annual precipitation is only 2 ~ 4 mm. Canary is divided into two island groups: the west island group consists of Tenerife, Gran Canaria, La Palma, Gomella and Ferro Islands, and consists of peaks rising directly from the deep seabed. The East Island Group consists of lanzarote, Ventura, Fueter, and six small islands pulled up from a submarine highland called Canary Ridge, which rises about 1,4 meters (4,5 feet) from the seabed. The Canary Islands were formed by volcanic eruptions millions of years ago. The highest point on all the islands in the West Island Group is higher than 1,2 meters (4, feet), and ElTeide in Tenerife is 3,718 meters (12,198 feet) above sea level, which is the highest point in Spanish territory. Gran Canaria, the capital of las palmas, is the most densely populated island. Tenerife, the capital of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, is the largest and most populous island in the archipelago. Map of Islands Lanzarote, the capital of Arrecife, is the oldest island in the archipelago. La Palma, whose capital is also called Santa Cruz de La Palma, and El Hierro, whose capital is San Sebastian de La Gomera, Fuerteventura, the capital of Valverde, and Puerto del Rosario, the capital, have a Mediterranean climate. The weather is warm and the four seasons change little. The average afternoon temperature in las palmas in August is 26℃(79℉), but it only drops to 21℃(7℉) in January. Rainfall is concentrated in November and December, and the rainfall is small, rarely exceeding 25 mm (1 inches) in various places; Only the northeast wind direction can reach 75 mm (3 inches). The fertile volcanic soil and mild climate on the island are suitable for a variety of vegetation. The distribution of plants varies with the terrain. Planting plants suitable for hot and dry climate from sea level to an area about 4 meters (1,3 feet) high; Crops such as bananas, oranges, coffee, dates, sugar cane and tobacco can be grown in areas with relatively humid or better irrigation conditions. In an area of about 4 ~ 7 meters (1,3 ~ 2,4 feet), the climate is similar to that of the Mediterranean, and the main crops are cereals, potatoes and grapes. Above 7 meters above sea level, the climate is quite cool, and trees such as holly, mahogany and laurel grow. In ancient history, Phoenicians, Greeks and Romans all visited the islands. In 4 BC, King Yuba II of Mauritania sent an expedition here. When he saw many huge dogs on the island, he called the islands Canary Island, which means "Dog Island". The Romans, seeing the beautiful scenery and pleasant climate on the island, also called it "Happy Island". In 999, Arabs went to gran canaria to do business. In 144, French explorer J·de Betancourt, with the support of Henry III of Castilla, occupied the three islands of lanzarote, Ventura and Ferro in Fueter, and was named the Canary Group (meaning the king of the islands). From 142 to 1479, Portuguese troops occupied Gomera Island. In 1479, the Alcasova Treaty transferred the sovereignty of the islands to Spain. By 1496, Spain had conquered other islands. The Canary Islands were originally a province directly under the jurisdiction of Spain. In 1927, the Spanish government divided the islands into two provinces. Las palmas governs gran canaria, Fuerteventura, Lan Sarot and three small islands; Santa Cruz de Tenerife has jurisdiction over Tenerife, Palma, Gomera and Ferro. It has been a Spanish colony since 1497. In 1927, it was divided into two Spanish provinces: Santa Cruz Tenerife in the west and Las Palmas in the east. The islands were established as autonomous regions on August 1th, 1982 according to the autonomy law. The original inhabitants of the Canary Islands were the concerns of the Berber people, and now they are extinct. Berbers were conquered by the Spanish in the 15th century. About 4 BC, King Juba II of Mauritania made an expedition here, and the Romans learned about the Canary Islands. What Juba said is recorded in the works of classical writers Plutarch and Pliny the Elder. Pliny Sr. mentioned: "The name of Canary canes from the large number of dogs in the area." In the 13th and 14th centuries, Genoa, Majorca, Portugal and French navigators visited the islands. In 144, Henry III of Castile appointed Juan de Bethencourt as the king of the islands. Betancourt conquered lanzarote, Ventura and Philo in Fueter, and returned to Europe in December 146, leaving his nephew Maciot in charge of the local affairs. From 142 to 1479, Portuguese troops conquered Gomella. The Treaty of Alcaso in 1479 recognized Spanish suzerainty over the Canary Islands. In 1496, Spain conquered the rest of the islands, so the Canary Islands became an indispensable base for the sea route from Spain to America, and Columbus' fleet of four voyages to the west was replenished in the islands. In 1936, General Franco used it as the earliest base for his nationalist coup, from which he went to Spanish Morocco. In the 2th century, the population of Tenerife and Gran Canaria grew faster than that of other islands. The local people speak Castile Spanish with a slight Andalucia accent, and some ancient expressions peculiar to the islands indicate that they were influenced by Portugal. Before 1927, the Canary Islands was a Spanish province, which was divided into two provinces due to the hostile competition between las palmas and Santa Cruz de Tenerife, the two largest ports in the islands. Las palmas has Gran Canaria, Ventura, Fueter, lanzarote and some small islands, three of which are inhabited. Belonging to Santa Cruz de Tenerife, there are the islands of Tenerife, La Palma, Gomella and Ferro. The economy of the economic islands has long been dominated by agriculture. Until 1853, wine grapes planted on hillsides without irrigation system were the main products. In that year, grape aphids spread in vineyards, and soon grape cultivation was replaced by cochineal production. At the end of 19th century, the industry of carmine pigment made by cochineal insects declined because it could not compete with synthetic dyes, and it was replaced by planting bananas, tomatoes, potatoes and other vegetables and fruits. Bananas are the main crops in the Canary Islands, and their competition with foreign products in the Spanish market is protected. Tomatoes are export commodities and grow between November and April. Planting flowers and seedlings is a new industry. Grain mainly depends on imports. Ventura and lanzarote in Fueter are mainly cultivated in dry land, while irrigated land is everywhere in Gran Canaria and Tenerife. Because the land belongs to small landowners, agricultural mechanization has been delayed in some islands. Potatoes produced in the Canary Islands After 195, the tourism industry in the islands developed rapidly, followed by a large number of hotels and government-run hotels. During the peak tourist season, las palmas and Santa Cruz de Tenerife are the main ports of call, and December to March is the off-season. The manufacturing industry in the islands has only small-scale industries except a large number of crude oil processing and refining in Santa Cruz de Tenerife. The Spanish government encourages investment in food processing plants. The population is about 1,534,897(1994). Since the 2th century, the economy has developed rapidly and the population has more than tripled. Agriculture is the main sector of the economy, with fertile land, mostly volcanic ash soil. Bananas, date palms and sugar cane are produced in coastal lowlands and plains; The terrain is higher, mainly planting tomatoes, oranges, lemons and vegetables. Potato and tobacco planting are also common. There are also a small amount of wheat, barley, corn, peaches, apricots and grapes. There are a few people in mountainous areas who run animal husbandry. The nearby waters are rich in fish resources and rich in fisheries. The oil refining industry is developed, with an annual oil refining capacity of over 7.5 million tons; There are also wine brewing, shipbuilding, fish processing, food and so on. Mainly export tomatoes, bananas, dried fish and canned fish. The climate is pleasant, the scenery is beautiful, there are medieval churches and modern entertainment facilities, and the tourism industry is prosperous, especially in winter and spring. Whenever the Christian Eucharist is celebrated in spring, the flower festivals held in Gran Canaria and Tenerife are well known. Located at an important crossroads on the Atlantic shipping line, it is an important fuel supply station for ships between Africa, Europe and America. Las palmas, located on the northeast coast of gran canaria with a population of about 29,, is the largest city, economic center and port in the archipelago. Santa Cruz on Tenerife Island has a large oil refinery and gas station. Other big cities include Tirda, Gardar, valverde, Aria, Pahala, etc. The main crop of the Canary Islands-banana geography The Canary Islands, Azores, Madeira Islands and cap vert * * * together form the Macaronia Islands Ecological Zone. Mount Tede on Tenerife is the highest mountain in Spain. Due to the geographical location of the island and the influence of trade winds, the climate is warm and humid, and sometimes it is very dry. Several local species are preserved on the island, such as Dracaena draco and Laurisilva illuminated leaf forest of Dracaena of Dracaena. Four of Spain's 13 national parks are in the Canary Islands, which is more than other autonomous regions: La Palma Island.