Question 2: What is the pull mode? Closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation in exchange for the Nongla model of rocky desertification control in China.
(2010-05-13 08: 32: 42) Source: Guangxi Daily.
Surrounded by mountains, lush trees, bamboo swaying in the wind, flowers blooming all over the mountains, tinkling water, birds singing sweetly, and the air is fresh and transparent. This is Nonglatun, Guling Town, mashan county, which is located in the rocky desertification area.
These scenes surprised the reporter deeply. You know, the worst drought in the past 60 years has reduced grain production in most rocky mountain areas in southwest China, making it difficult for people and livestock to drink water. In Guangxi alone, more than 3 million people and more than 2 million large livestock have difficulty drinking water. And this small mountain village, which is located in a severely arid area with rocky desertification, why is the spring water endless and safe?
On April 30, 79-year-old Li Yikang told reporters: "For 40 years, we have never had any difficulty in drinking water for people and animals. Even in the driest time this year, we can not only ensure the drinking water for all people in the village, but also supply more than 30 tons of domestic water and tourism infrastructure construction water for more than 60 migrant workers every day. "
He also said that in 1998 and 2008, most areas in Guangxi suffered from floods, and many areas with serious rocky desertification suffered heavy losses, while Nonglatun was unscathed and lived as usual.
"We didn't have a drought in the year of drought, and there was no flood after heavy rain!" The old man looked very proud.
Comrade Longchuan is 78 years old and once served as the vice chairman of the autonomous region. Since 1990, I have visited this small mountain village for more than 20 times. When discussing the miracle of Nonglatun with reporters for a long time, he felt a lot: "The reason why Nonglatun has no worries about drought and flood has become a rare' oasis' in arid areas." The focus is on closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation for decades, treating both the symptoms and root causes. The' farming-pulling model' is undoubtedly a banner of rocky desertification control in China and has the value of universal promotion. "
Contrast "Bend down with one knife:" Leave a tree under the knife "to restore the true colors of Qingshan.
The miracle of pulling should start with a wood knife.
Because of the firewood knife, the ancestors of the Nongla people split the mountain to clear the way and came to Nongla from Chongqing to settle down during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Because there are towering old trees and long-flowing streams, which are suitable for human survival.
It is also because of this firewood knife that the people have suffered a lot. "1958 smelting steel, more than 200 militiamen carrying knives and axes cut down for more than two months, and all the trees on 25 hills were cut down." Li Yikang still remembers it. "Trees are cut down, springs are scarce, dripping water is as expensive as oil, washing vegetables, washing hands and feeding cows. We once thought about moving to other counties. "
Relocation, talk easy? Weighing the pros and cons, Latun people learned from a painful experience and decided to stick to this mountain reclaimed by their ancestors, determined to control the "one knife" and return the castle peak to its true colors.
Since the 1960s, Nonglatun has made village rules and regulations, and started to send six young and middle-aged people to patrol the forests of Nonglatun day and night. No one is allowed to cut down the mountain at will. Finding a defaulter, "hell to pay".
Li Rongguang recalled: "1977, I just graduated from high school and returned to my village. I cut down two small trees with a knife and was fined 200 points. At that time, the daily salary of a labor force was only 10, which was equivalent to 20 days of' white work'. "
"Leave a tree under the sword", so that the injured Qingshan can recuperate from now on. Little Nong Latun opened a warm and friendly embrace to nature.
Offer "a fire": "take a salary at the bottom of the pot" to reduce the pressure and burden on trees
As the saying goes, life opens seven things, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea.
How to make a fire, keep warm, cook and stir-fry without firewood?
Nonglatun people try their best to help "make a fire" and "bottom" and reduce the pressure on trees.
Method 1: Every household should build a firewood-saving stove, which changes the traditional practice of building a stove with three stones and consuming a lot of firewood. Only villagers are allowed to go up the mountain to collect dead branches and leaves for firewood.
Method 2: Families raise funds and buy back a diesel engine to generate electricity. In addition to solving the lighting problem, the extra electricity is used for cooking and cooking.
Method 3: Strive for the support of the superior * * *, all households in Tuen Mun have built biogas digesters for free, and encourage qualified families to use liquefied gas.
The 84-year-old Wu Jinhua said: Biogas is a good thing. We can light a lamp without oil, cook without firewood, apply biogas residue to fruit trees, and spray vegetables with biogas slurry. "The vegetables we grow are still green food!"
In addition to saving firewood, Ranlatun people also pay attention to fire prevention. There are provisions in the village rules and regulations, which are often said at the small meeting of the general assembly. Women and children all know that they have a strong awareness of fire safety. Xinzhong ... "";
Question 3: What does the Zhuang language "Nongla" mean in Chinese? No, it's the village below. It's like a chariot.
Question 4: What does it mean to dream of pulling garbage? Maybe there is a lot of rubbish around you. You should clean up more rubbish around you. The environment is clean and people are clean. If there is less garbage, there will be no garbage.
Question 5: What is the scenic spot of Mashan Nongla in Lingshan, Guangxi? ...
Question 6: Hangzhou dialect "Tai Liu Er" ... Ga Thirteen ... one after another! "What do you mean? The first two are swearing. . 62 is something like * * *.
Pull one by one ~ that is, how to do this ~
Question 7: Help me, I don't know that the rise of Yuanqu has a far-reaching influence and outstanding contribution to the development of China's national poetry and cultural prosperity. As soon as Yuanqu appeared, just like other art flowers, it immediately showed great vitality. It is not only a convenient tool for literati to express their feelings, but also provides a brand-new art form to reflect the social life of the Yuan Dynasty.
The creation of Yuan Qu includes two styles: one is Sanqu, including Xiao Ling, Dai Qu and Shu Qu; Secondly, Wen Qu, which consists of several episodes, is a kind of zaju specially performed on the stage, which is a mixture of Bai Bin and Ke Fan. Yuanqu, with its profound reality, extensive themes, popular language, vivid forms, fresh styles, vivid descriptions and changeable techniques, shines brilliantly in the garden of ancient literature and art in China.
There are complicated reasons for the rise and development of Yuanqu. First of all, the social reality of the early generation was the basis of the rise of Yuanqu. The vast territory, prosperous urban economy, grand theater, active book club and all-weather audience laid the foundation for the rise of Yuanqu. Secondly, the exchange and integration of the cultures of all ethnic groups in the Yuan Dynasty promoted the formation of Yuan Qu. Thirdly, Yuanqu is the inherent law of poetry itself and the inevitable result of the inheritance and development of literary tradition.
The rise of Yuanqu represented the highest achievement of literature in this period. As far as it is concerned, it is because Yuanqu established and perfected the system form. Flexion system is embodied in the following six aspects:
1. Gongdiao: Gongdiao refers to the mode of ancient music in China. Qu and Gong Diao originated from Yan Yue in Sui and Tang Dynasties. There are five palaces and four tones in North and South music, commonly known as Nine Palaces or South Nine Palaces, including Gong Zheng, Lv Zhong Palace, Lu Nan Palace, Lv Xian Palace, Huangzhong Palace (Five Palaces), Big-face Tone, Double Tone, Up Tone and Yue Tone (Four Tones). The number of opera episodes and Sanqu episodes in Yuanqu is connected by two different tunes in the same Gongdiao.
2. Qupai: commonly known as "Quzi", it is the general name of various tunes, each with its own proprietary name, such as Dianjiang Lip and Shanpo Sheep. In the Yuan Dynasty, there were 335 kinds of Qupai in the north, and each Qupai had a certain tune and singing method. At the same time, the number of words, syntax and level of Qupai were also specified. According to this, you can fill in new lyrics. Most of the lyrics come from the people, and some of them are developed from lyrics. Some of the names of Shanghai lyrics are the same as those of the lyrics, but the contents are not exactly the same. In addition, there are music cards specially designed for performances, but most of them only have tunes without lyrics.
3. Rhyme: In terms of rhyme, Yuanqu strictly abides by the requirements of Part 19 of Central Plains Rhyme, which is divided into flat, upper and lower levels. Rhyme has the following characteristics: level tone, not avoiding heavy rhyme, one rhyme to the end, borrowing rhyme, dark rhyme, redundant rhyme and lack of rhyme.
4. Flat: Qu is stricter than poetry in terms of words, paying special attention to the flat of the last sentence of each sentence.
5, antithesis: the antithesis of songs requires more freedom, which can be leveled, leveled, leveled and leveled. There are thirteen dual forms in Qu, such as "word pair", "head-tail pair" and "line pair", which have many characteristics in language use and word order combination, mainly as follows: there are working pairs and wide pairs, but the phenomenon of wide pairs is more common; Self-righteous in the sentence; Complicated pairs or inverted sentences are all right, such as "loyal ministers are not afraid of death, and fear of death is not loyal to them"; Use common sayings to correct mistakes.
6. Links: The most striking difference between songs and words is whether there are links, songs with links and words without links. The so-called "interlining" refers to the number of words added in addition to the number of words required by the melody. Without the restriction of melody, parallelism and sentence patterns, interline insertion is generally used at the beginning of a sentence.
More than 220 Yuan Song writers left their names and songs, and more than 4,500 works (collections and parts) have been handed down to this day, including more than 3,800 poems (including songs), more than 470 collections and more than 60 zaju (books) of/kloc-0.
Among many writers, Yuan Haowen, who made a pioneering contribution to the formation of Yuan Qu, was born at the time of the war in Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and was a superstar in the poetic circles of Jin and Yuan Dynasties. His works are clean and handsome, which has inspired, guided and standardized the creation of Yuan Qu.
The development of Yuanqu can be divided into three periods.
Early stage: from the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty to the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty. During this period, Yuanqu has just entered the world of poetry from folk sayings, with distinctive characteristics of popularization and colloquialism, boldness, straightforwardness and simplicity. Most of the authors are northerners, among whom Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Wang Shifu, Wang Xiaojun and Bai Pu have the highest achievements. Rugan's zaju depicts the world with beautiful songs, changeable styles, vivid and profound poems and clear and beautiful pictures, and its collections are gorgeous and bitter. Ma Zhiyuan's creative theme is broad, the artistic conception is lofty, the image is vivid and the language is vivid ... ";
Question 8: What are the interesting places in Mashan? Boutique attractions: Hongshui River and Jinlun Cave (Jinlun Cave is the largest, deepest, longest and most abundant karst cave in Guangxi, and it is also known as the five natural landscapes in Guangxi with Qingling Water Lake, towering Daming Mountain, surging river and vastness of 700 miles. The scenery in the cave is world-class; In-hole travel 10 km, hole penetration 12 hillside; There are long corridors and hundreds of large and small halls in the cave. The largest hall is 35,000 square meters, the highest stone needle is 26 meters high, and the highest ceiling is 150 meters. There are many kinds of dissolved rocks in the cave, and the dreamland is endless. All kinds of stone pillars, flowers, stalagmites and stalagmites form a magnificent ten-mile gallery. In particular, walking on the underground river bank of the cave and looking at the stalagmites and their reflections in the water at the top of the cave make people feel like flying over the north and looking at the ice peaks and snowfields stretching thousands of miles on the earth. This 65,438+0,500-meter-long beauty of the northern country is as pleasing as a fairyland, which makes people linger. Tourists call it a world miracle comparable to Jiuzhaigou in Sichuan. ) Flavor food: goat meat, goat waist wine, Hui Hui wine, Hongshuihe squid, Hongshuihe swordfish, Hongshuihe triangle fish, Hongshuihe white eel, Mashan high-grade tofu, Mashan bacon special restaurants: Jinlun Hotel, County Armed Forces Guest House, Happy Mutton Shop, Haozailai Mutton Shop, Dongshan Mutton Restaurant.
Question 9: What are the good scenic spots in mashan county? Chai Jin Shilin
Chai Jin Stone Forest, also known as Tianfu Stone Forest Castle, is located in Tianfu Village, Longtang Village, Chai Jin Town, mashan county. It is located in the golden triangle at the junction of Hechi City, Laibin City and Nanning City, or at the junction of Mashan, Du 'an and Xincheng County. Hongshui River passes through the territory, and Shilin is 0/20km away from Nanning/KLOC-0 and 56km away from Mashan County. The traffic is very convenient. Before entering Chai Jin Town, you will see the whole picture of Chai Jin Town on the mountain, which is very spectacular. Tianfutun in Longtang Village is not far from the town, only a few kilometers away, just one kilometer in front of a small bridge, which is the best place to go to Chai Jin Stone Forest.
Gu Lingxiao Du Bai
Xiaodubai Comprehensive Demonstration Village is located next to Mashan-Erh Lin Highway, with the distance from the county seat 10 km in the west and Guling Town 7 km in the east. 20 13, 10 in June, the municipal party Committee and the municipal government designated xiaodu baitun as a comprehensive demonstration village for construction. The construction of the whole village is based on the theme of "mountains and rivers reflect farmers, poems and paintings are small and beautiful", featuring the creation of the hometown of waterwheels, and adhering to the development concept of "the community is the scenic spot and the village is the tourism" in combination with the construction of Nongla Eco-tourism Zone, striving to build Xiaodubai comprehensive demonstration village into a one-stop fashion, leisure and agricultural tourism base of Nongla Eco-tourism Zone. The village is divided into six cultural parks, including sightseeing agricultural park, amorous feelings hundred homes, water car park, hundred flowers garden, hundred amusement parks and hundred fragrant gardens. A new rural Baitun, which integrates vacation, food, sightseeing, leisure and tourism, has begun to take shape. Being in it, you can feel the comfort of "Qiaolao Riverside is my home, and you can enjoy tea when you are free" and appreciate the comfort of "Mountains and rivers reflect farmers, and poems and paintings are small"
Jinlun Cave, one of the "Top Ten Famous Caves in the World"
Jinlun Cave is located at the foot of Jinlun Mountain in Ganhuatun, Xinyang Village, Guling Town, mashan county. It is named after Wei Jinlun, a legendary hero of Zhuang nationality. He studied in a cave, met a fairy and got a treasure. Jinlun Cave is a world-class cave and one of the top ten famous caves in the world. There are many kinds of milk stones in the cave, such as stone pillars, stone flowers, stone curtains, stone cloth, stone lamps, stone lamps, stone melons, stone fruits, stone birds, stone beasts and so on. Groups of cave scenes composed of milk stones make people see things in a blur, such as "women looking for lang to return" and "old people fishing" reflecting real life, as well as "Guanyin exploring the sea" and "jade pillars reaching the sky" full of myths and legends, and "underwater countryside" with vast scenery. The air in the cave is fresh, warm in winter and cool in summer, and the room temperature is kept at about 20℃.
Lingyang Temple, the Holy Land of Millennium Buddhism
Lingyang Temple is located in Litchi Rock, about 0. 1 km north of Guling Village, mashan county. It is the largest cave temple in Guangxi, ranking third in terms of scale and influence. Lingyang Temple was founded in the Fengnian period of Song and Yuan Dynasties (1078- 1085), and was destroyed and rebuilt many times. There are 1 1 Buddha statues in the temple, all made of precious white marble and brought back from the distant Buddhist country of Myanmar. Precious in value, large in scale and exquisite in shape, it is the best in Guangxi. Today, Lingyang Temple is full of incense, and its reputation spreads far and wide in surrounding counties and cities, Hong Kong and Macao. It is not only an important place for religious activities in the counties and cities around Mashan, but also an important tourist destination in the tourism circle around Daming Mountain in Nanning. On holidays, visitors to Lingyang Temple are like clouds, candlelight is flickering and cigarettes are lingering all year round.
The scenery of Hongshui River, one of the "Eight Beautiful Scenery in Guangxi"
Located in the north of Mashan, the Bailongtan Scenic Area of Hongshui River is known as the "Red River Gallery", which is 0/20km away from Nanning15km away from Mashan County/Kloc-0. The upstream reaches Dahua County, and the 265,438+00 National Highway and Shuinan Expressway pass through the scenic spot, so the traffic is very convenient. The long Hongshui River has a long history. The long river passes through the mountains and flows among the mountains in the south. The strange mountains on both sides of the strait stretch for more than 26 kilometers, retaining the original Hongshui River channel and multi-stage riverbed, which can be navigable and drifting all year round.
Nongla Autonomous Region-level Ecological Nature Reserve
Guangxi Nongla Natural Eco-tourism Scenic Area is located in Guling Town, with an altitude of 500 to 700 meters. It has many rocks, little soil, shallow soil layer and continuous peaks and forests. There are 65,438+03 closed depressions between peaks and clusters. After decades of hard construction, an ecological mountain road with "forest on the top, bamboo on the hillside, medicine and fruit at the foot, grain on the ground and mulberry in the low-lying areas" has been formed. The forest area in the scenic area is 65438.
Yongzhou underground river
Yongzhou Town is located at the westernmost tip of mashan county, bordering Pingguo County of Baise City and Dahua County of Hechi City, and is also called "mashan county Tail". And this "mashan county Tail" has natural beauty because of God's love, and this underground river is also famous for Yongzhou ... ";