I talked about Hebei for a long time in the last article, and counted whether it has a sense of existence; Finally, we concluded that Hebei is not really without a sense of existence, but it is relatively low-key. I would rather be a good man in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei than brush my sense of existence in front of my mother.
So when you mention Hebei, which city do you think of first?
Xibaipo in Shijiazhuang, the provincial capital? Historical city Handan? Xingtai, the site of the Battle of Julu? Or Qinhuangdao named after the king of Qin? Or Tangshan, which has a coal mine? And Zhangjiakou on the grassland, Chengde in the summer resort, Hengshui: Hengshui; Baoding: xiong'an new area; Langfang: the back garden of Beijing.
But there seems to be a city that has been neglected, and that is Cangzhou, Hebei Province, which is near the Bohai Sea and south of Tianjin.
(1) Cangzhou means the state of the sea. As the east gate of Shuohuang Railway (the special coal transportation line from Shanxi to Huanghua, Cangzhou); It is also the nearest seaport of Shijiazhuang, the provincial capital;
(2) Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway pass through Cangzhou city. Traffic location conditions have good advantages.
Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway
(3) In terms of rivers, Cangzhou is the longest city where the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal flows, and it was also an important transit point for north-south water transportation in ancient times;
Today's Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
(4) The economic aggregate of Cangzhou in Hebei Province is second only to Tangshan and Shijiazhuang; Ranked third in Hebei. It is also one of the three cities with ports in Hebei Province. (Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Cangzhou)
(5) When it comes to xiong'an new area, we have to mention Renqiu City in Cangzhou, which is adjacent to Baiyangdian, the pearl of North China. Compared with other counties in xiong'an new area, Renqiu City has a good economic development. GDP is in a leading position.
economy of counties and cities around xiong'an new area
xiong'an new area and surrounding counties and cities
Through the introduction of the above situation, it is not difficult to find that Cangzhou should be a city with many advantages, good urban location conditions and good development potential.
But the reality is that when you mention Hebei, you probably won't think of Cangzhou at first. When it comes to xiong'an new area, I probably think it has little to do with Cangzhou. When it comes to the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, it is not easy to think of Cangzhou. The sense of existence in Cangzhou is really not high.
Among the coastal provinces in China, Hebei Province is the most easily overlooked, but there is at least the famous Qinhuangdao City in Hebei Province. Among the numerous coastal cities in China, Cangzhou, Hebei Province is the most easily overlooked city.
Cangzhou is one of the three coastal cities in Hebei Province, but it is difficult to connect Cangzhou with the ocean. The only direct information that can prove Cangzhou's coastal area is Qiantong Town, Yanshan County in 219 BC, and Qin Shihuang sent Xu Fudong to Japan (in 219 BC, in Qiantong Town, Yanshan County, Xu Fuyong led thousands of boys and girls and skilled craftsmen to sail from here at the behest of Qin Shihuang, seeking elixir of life and crossing the ocean).
The earliest port construction in Huanghua City, Cangzhou was in 1986 (in June of 1986, Huanghua Port Authority of Cangzhou District, Hebei Province was established, and Dakouhe Port was renamed Huanghua Port), which was already at the end of the 21th century.
In short, as a coastal city, Cangzhou has little relationship with the ocean, because a historical material is too old and contains a strong myth. Another Huanghua port was built too late, and the older generation was not impressed. From the Han Dynasty to the Republic of China, the relationship between Cangzhou and the ocean was not great, which made it difficult for us to connect Cangzhou with the ocean.
There are three key words in the history of Cangzhou: Bohai Sea, North China Plain and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. But when it comes to these three keywords, it is not easy to think of Cangzhou, which is a very important factor that leads to the low sense of existence in Cangzhou.
But today is not what it used to be. The earth-shaking changes that have taken place in Cangzhou are worth remembering. With the simple and innocent spirit, generations of Cangzhou people have performed earth-shattering historical events. Perhaps, Cangzhou represents Hebei and has a low sense of existence in the motherland, but we are low-key, realistic and have the spirit of hard struggle.
Let's sort out the history of Cangzhou, Hebei Province by region and time, respectively:
1. Geographical location
Cangzhou, a state of the sea, is located in the North China Plain, bordering Bohai Sea in the east, Beijing and Tianjin in the north, Shandong in the south and Taihang in the west. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the whole territory from north to south. Since ancient times, it has benefited from fishing and salt, gathered merchants, prosperous economy and trade, and simple folk customs.
Topographic map of Hebei
Water system map of Hebei
II: Historical process
(1) Timeline: Cangzhou was first named in the Northern Wei Dynasty: "Cangzhou" was named because it was close to the Bohai Sea in ancient times. The original meaning of' Cang' is dark green (referring to water), which mostly describes the waves of the sea. The name "Cangzhou" first appeared in the Northern Wei Dynasty.
according to historical records, the ancient Cangzhou has a history of more than two thousand years. It dates back to the second year of Xiping in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 517) and has a history of 1499 years. In the second year of Xiping, Emperor Xiaoming of the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 517), Cangzhou was established to govern Fuyang, Leling and Ande.
Cangzhou Old City Site (Han-Ming Dynasty): located in the west of Dongguan Village, Jiuzhou Town, 21 kilometers southeast of Cangxian County, Cangzhou City. The city site was founded in 212 BC because of its shape like a lying cow, also known as the lying cow city, also known as the lion city. The area is about 4.3 million square meters, the wall is about 41 meters wide and the circumference is 7787 meters. There are sites such as Iron Lion, Iron Money Bank Site, Iron Furnace and Kaiyuan Temple, and a large number of iron coins have been unearthed. There are rich cultural relics in the old city, including Iron Lion, Iron Money Bank Site, Miyun Temple Monument, Maogong Ganquan Ancient Well and so on.
(2) location: Cangzhou ancient city: the site of the ancient Cangzhou old city, which is 21 kilometers southeast of Cangzhou urban area and relatively closer to Bohai Sea. The history of the old city of Cangzhou lasted until the Ming Dynasty.
Cangzhou Iron Lion was cast in 953 AD, the third year of Guangxun in the latter Zhou Dynasty. In ancient times, Cangzhou was near the sea, and the sea often overflowed, which caused the people around it to suffer greatly. At that time, the ancients were still very superstitious. In order to eliminate the flood, the local people spontaneously donated money and asked Li Yunlai to cast an iron lion to help the tsunami flood, and named it "Zhenhai Hou". It is located in the southeast suburb of Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, in front of the original Kaiyuan Temple. The whole lion is 6.264 meters long, 5.47 meters high and 2.981 meters wide, weighing about 32 tons. It is the oldest and largest cast iron lion in China.
Hebei folks call Cangzhou Iron Lion, the Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Dingzhou and the Bodhisattva Statue in Longxing Temple in Zhengding "Three Treasures of Hebei"
The above picture shows Cangzhou Iron Lion in Jiuzhou Town. At that time, archaeologists didn't know the suitable environment of this cultural relic very well, so they used protection methods that were not suitable for it, so rust and some cracks appeared. In order to prevent further damage, the following brackets were added, but the Cangzhou Iron Lion did not fall in the wind and rain for nearly a thousand years.
In p>2119, Cangzhou City cast a new iron lion in Cangzhou Lion City Park, which was 1.5 times larger than the original one, so that the iron lion, which had been sleeping for thousands of years, was rejuvenated!
(3) the origin of Cangzhou and the grand canal: it was the rise of the grand canal that moved Cangzhou, a thousand-year-old city. In the hearts of Cangzhou people, this Grand Canal is their mother river.
among the five cities in Langfang, Cangzhou, Hengshui, Xingtai and Handan where the Hebei section of the Grand Canal flows, only Cangzhou is crossed by the Grand Canal.
this is no accident. In fact, the choice of the urban location of Cangzhou today is inextricably linked with the construction of the Grand Canal.
"The Cangzhou Canal can be traced back to the Three Kingdoms Period. In the 11th year of Jian 'an (AD 216), Cao Wei dug a Pinglu Canal for the northern expedition to Wuhuan. This section of the canal starts from the Hutuo River and goes down to the Lingshui River (near Tianjin Duliu today).
In the fourth year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (AD 618), Emperor Yangdi of Sui Dynasty issued an imperial edict that' more than one million men and women were sent to the counties of Hebei Province to open the Yongji Canal, leading Qinshui to the Yellow River in the south and Zhuojun in the north', thus forming the basic reach of the canal in Cangzhou.
Photos of Cangzhou Canal in Qing Dynasty
The excavation of the Grand Canal in Sui Dynasty made Cangzhou gradually become the hub of north-south communication and the throat of both flood and drought. After that, merchants from both sides of the strait gathered, and Cangzhou City prospered according to the canal.
Cangxian, Cangzhou: Schematic diagram of the direction of moving from Jiuzhou Town to Changlu
In order to better rely on the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal to develop shipping, in the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369), the ancient city of Cangzhou was moved from Kanto (now Jiuzhou Town) in Cangxian County to Changlu (now downtown Cangzhou), which is closer to the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. This is the embryonic foundation of Cangzhou city today.
The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in Cangzhou today
The basin diagram of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in Cangzhou today has an obvious zigzag bay in the south, forming a beautiful landscape.
in the history of more than 2,111 years, one magnificent city after another rose from the ground to drive foreign enemies and protect their homes in Cangzhou.
A map of Cangzhou City about 21 years ago (early 21th century)
Let's take time as a clue to sort out the administrative divisions of Cangzhou from ancient times to the present:
(1) From ancient times to Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties:
In ancient times, Cangzhou belonged to Youzhou and Yanzhou.
Qingzhou was in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was the land of Yan, Qi, Jin and Zhao.
The Qin Dynasty belonged to Julu County and Luobei County.
the Han dynasty belonged to Jizhou and youzhou.
the three kingdoms belong to Wei.
Yingzhou and Jizhou belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty in the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
(2) Northern Wei Dynasty to Qing Dynasty:
In the second year of Xiping, Emperor Xiaoming of the Northern Wei Dynasty (517), Cangzhou was established, which governed Fuyang, Leling and Ande counties.
Fuyang County was abandoned in the early Sui Dynasty, and later belonged to Hejian County, Bohai County and Pingyuan County.
The first year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (627) belonged to Hebei Road.
In the first year of Tianbao (742), Cangzhou was changed to Jingcheng County to govern Qingchi County (now southeast of Cangzhou City, Hebei Province). Its jurisdiction is equivalent to the south of Haihe River in Tianjin, Jinghai County and the east of Qingxian County and Botou City in Hebei Province, Dongguang County and the north of Ningjin, Leling and Wudi cities and counties in Shandong Province.
in the first year of Ganyuan (758), it was changed to Cangzhou.
in the northern song dynasty, it was changed to Jingcheng county, which was later abolished. The Song Dynasty belongs to Hejian House, East Hebei Road.
the yuan dynasty belonged to Hejian road, Zhongshu province.
in the Ming dynasty, it belonged to Hejian prefecture in north zhili province.
in the Qing dynasty, it belonged to Hejian prefecture in Zhili province, and some counties belonged to Tianjin prefecture.
(3) From the Republic of China to 1949:
The Republic of China belonged to Bohai Road and Jinhai Road in Zhili Province at the beginning.
In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), the Daofu system was abolished and it was transferred to Hebei Province.
during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, it was under the jurisdiction of the administrative offices of Jizhong and Jinnan in the Central Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region and Bohai District in Shandong Province.
(4) After the founding of New China:
On August 1, 1949, the People's Government of Hebei Province was established, setting up Cangxian District, which specializes in Cangxian Town and governs 11 counties.
in June, 1958, after Tianjin became part of Hebei province, Cangxian District merged with Tianjin District, which was called Tianjin District, and was located in Tianjin. In September of the same year, Cangxian Town was changed to Cangzhou City (county level), and then it was cancelled and merged into Cangxian County.
In July, 1993, the prefecture and the city merged into Cangzhou City, and the municipal government was located in the Canal Zone.
Three: Humanities
Since ancient times, there have been many celebrities in Cangzhou. Zhang He, the famous Wei of the Three Kingdoms, Ji Xiaolan (Ji Yun), the chief editor of Sikuquanshu, Zhang Zhidong, the four important ministers in the late Qing Dynasty, Wang Ziping, Tong Zhongyi, the famous anti-Japanese, and Ma Benzhai were all from Cangzhou.
There are countless cuisines in Cangzhou.
The top ten "Cangzhou business cards" are Oil City, Pipeline City, Huanghua Port, Iron Lion, Grand Canal (Cangzhou Section), Cangzhou Wushu, Wuqiao Acrobatics, Golden Jujube, the Heritage Site of the Book of Songs and Ji Xiaolan.
Cangzhou City is an economic open area determined by the State Council, a petrochemical base and an important land and sea transportation hub in the north, and an important part of the Bohai Economic Zone and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area. I believe that Cangzhou will get better and better in the future!
Cangzhou Grand Canal
Cangzhou Sports Ground
Cangzhou Qingfeng Building
Yanshan Qiantong Temple
Cangzhou Lion City Park
Cangzhou Grand Canal Bay Park
If there are historical facts and other mistakes, please correct me. Please bear with me! thank you
copywriting and typesetting: Liu Jun
Picture: from the Internet.