1 Qionghai people's houses have a strong "house" complex. As a place to live, they account for the vast majority of a person's lifetime property. For Qionghai people, the house is a symbol of home and family and an external embodiment of the value of life. Qionghai people's strong "house" complex is manifested in their daily dialects. Among the Hainan people who speak Hainan dialect, Qionghai people use the word "Wu" the most frequently in their daily lives. For example, the northern dialect says "housekeeping" and Qionghai people say "housekeeping". The northern dialect says: "building a house", which Qionghai people call "building a house" or "building a house"; The northern dialect is called "house maintenance", and Qionghai people call it "whole house"; The northern dialect says "neighbors live next to each other", while Qionghai people call it "next to the house" and "the door under the house"; Saying that a person has a house and property is called "having a house and a head"; Without real estate, it is called "no house and no head". The northern dialect asks people, "Where is your home? Who else is at home? " Qionghai people asked, "Where is your home? Are there three people in your family? " . Northern dialect: "You keep cats at home all day!" Qionghai people said, "You are squatting in the house all day!" . Northern dialect: "My brother farmed at home." Hainan dialect: "My brother is a farmer in the house." Northern dialects say "my home" and "your home", and Qionghai people say "my home" and "your home"; -Here, the word "house" is used as the word "home". The northern dialect says "my mother" and "your mother"; Qionghai people are called "your mom" and "my mom", and the same is true for other people in the family; Northern dialects are "my home" and "other people's home", while Qionghai people call them "my home" and "personal home". Qionghai people say that in spoken language, the name of a strict department of a unit often has the word "house" in front of it, such as "financial office" and "tax office" ... The second external manifestation of Qionghai people's "home" complex: most old people, even if they are alone, should stick to their home and stick to the traditional concept of dying in the living room. If you die outside, you will become a lonely soul and a wild ghost. In the future, you should ask the "three ancestors" to be the Buddha's evocation, so that you can go to the spiritual position, be on an equal footing with your ancestors, and accept the sacrifices of your living relatives. Qionghai people are gentle and generous, and there is no sense of exclusion in Qionghai's traditional culture. Just as Guangdong people call people outside Guangdong "northerners", Qionghai people call people outside Hainan Island "mainlanders". The vast majority of people in Qionghai are Han Chinese. Qionghai people know that their ancestors are all "outsiders", and only Li and Miao are locals. Although Qionghai is located in the border, the penetration rate of Putonghua is even higher than that of Guangzhou. No matter which county, city or town you come from, as long as you can speak Mandarin, as long as he or she can speak Mandarin, most of them use Mandarin and answer enthusiastically. In the early days of liberation, when locals communicated with foreigners in Hainan dialect in a warm and friendly way, foreigners often waved awkwardly: "I don't understand!" " . As a result, "ignorance" has become synonymous with outsiders. For those migrant workers who have left their homes and wandered abroad, in other places, I don't know when and where to start, there is a group noun in the northern dialect-"blind flow". It's just a line by Song Like Dandan in the sketch "Super Guerrilla". "What's the difference between a tramp and a hooligan?" Indeed, when people talk about the word "blind flow", there is a look of contempt in their eyes. In Qionghai, I don't know where to start. For all mainland migrant workers, regardless of their age or background, men are called "Brother Lu" and women are called "Sister Lu". Compared with the appellation of "tramp", what are the appellations of "Brother Lu" and "Sister Lu"? Don't look at a small name, which reflects the sympathy of Qionghai people for these vagrants and also shows the kindness and generosity of Hainan people. In the concept of Qionghai people, heroes don't ask about their origins. For example, as far as personal names are concerned, they are called "dads" not only by their fathers and fathers, but also by the rich, farmers who work all day and businessmen who stand in front of three-inch counters. As long as they are male citizens and have a certain age, they are all called "dads", such as "carpenter's dads" and "shearing dads". Qionghai people love "pretending to be Luo" and talk about "human feelings". Qionghai people pay attention to clothing, calling it "love to install Luo"; Those who look free and easy and dress appropriately are called "colored water"; Dress up love beautifully, be generous and walk around the city. This is called "colored water". Call losing face "water without color". Qionghai proverb "Eat on the face and wear on the body". Even in those days when people didn't have enough to eat and didn't wear warm clothes, even at home, they wore tattered clothes of "sewing for three years in the new year and making up for three years in the old year", but men, women and children all had a decent set of clothes and only came out to wear them during the Chinese New Year holidays or when visiting relatives and friends. Qionghai's folk customs are simple. Anyone who "holds a wedding ceremony", "makes a moon", "makes a house", "marries a daughter" and "reaches marriageable age" should make wine to celebrate, and relatives and friends should give gifts or gold. Qionghai calls it "being a face" or "making faces". Since it is a question of money, it is polite to borrow money even if the family is rich. For example, when a married girl gives birth to a child, especially her first child, her family is very poor. In order to save face, she had to pay for distributing the fruits of her husband's neighbors, three relatives and six relatives, buying a pair of pork bellies for her and making some clothes for her baby. Therefore, Qionghai has always had a folk song "My son has grandchildren, and people like my family's annoyance (sadness)". In the past, rich people gave cash, and people without money took a bag of rice or a basket of rice as tokens. Whether sending money or rice, no matter how much, as a courtesy, the "host" should return part of it to the congratulator-this is a unique folk custom in Qionghai. In the 1950s, I wore a watch on my wrist, big gold teeth in my mouth and a Parker pen in my pocket-this is the style of overseas Chinese with rich cultural taste or amateur overseas Chinese full of color and water. Qionghai's "Gong Dadai" came to his future father-in-law's house (that is, he made his first appearance) and borrowed a watch and a Parker pen to install a "color and water" ... At first, the "Three Ancestors" provided Buddhist services to people and danced to the gods in order to earn a "money seal". But when the "shopkeeper" gave him a "money seal", the face-saving "three fathers" hypocritically turned away "unnecessary! No need! " The other hand took the "money seal" and put it in his pocket and said, "Great!" "Good" means to be humble and turn away. As a result, the allusion of "three ancestors resigned and sealed money" became an adjective that satirized those who wanted money and wanted face. Qionghai people love to talk about "human feelings and face". The most telling thing is Qionghai's enduring "Junpo Festival". The "Junpo Festival" was originally a folk ceremony to commemorate Mrs. Xi. But in recent decades, in Qionghai, it has evolved into a pure "food festival". Every year from February of the lunar calendar, a village and a township "build a military slope" every day. Qionghai people have a saying that "the years are good, but Junpo is sad (because it doesn't matter if you eat your own food in the New Year, but Junpo is for others, so you can't make do with it at all)". Every family will make arrangements for the "military slope" as soon as the New Year is over. On the day of "Junpo", the whole family always dressed up for battle, with chicken, duck, fish and shrimp, mixed water and land, seven pots, eight bowls and one table (some people even put dozens of tables). As for diners, there are relatives and friends, as well as relatives and friends of relatives and friends; Some people know, some people don't know; There are symbolic gifts, and some have no money to eat and drink and walk away; Some relatives who can't beat the eight poles have finished eating and have to comment on the banquet ... Qionghai people also know that it is expensive to do this kind of work, but they still do it year after year, because small ones hurt money and big ones lose face! Qionghai people love to pretend, and love to talk about "human feelings and face". On the surface, this is a sign of vanity. In fact, this is the innate self-esteem psychology of Qionghai people, which means that Qionghai people have a trait of sticking to personal dignity in their bones. This personality characteristic is manifested in all aspects of social life and interpersonal communication. Qionghai people's face-saving personality has created a deep-rooted concept of "never begging for food" (begging for food) or "being a mother" (that is, being a prostitute). In the eyes of Qionghai people, it is a great shame for prostitutes to be prostitutes. In recent years, some people joked that "a yellow female soldier is a red female soldier who is active in her hometown". "Yellow female soldier" is a by-product of reform and opening up, which is found all over the country. Even if there are such "female soldiers" in Qionghai, most of them are foreigners. Qionghai people love to speak with "Liu" tone and disyllabic words. The most prominent phonetic feature of Qionghai people is that in oral English, in order to emphasize the role, the word "Liu" is often added at the end of the sentence, and this word "Liu" is stressed. For example, urge the other person to walk quickly, don't waste time, and say, "Go for a walk quickly!" " ; When cooking, say to the other party: "The dishes are all ready and slipped away! Hurry up and slip away! " . As long as you live in Qionghai, whether you are a government official or a common citizen; Whether it is a young girl or an old woman, when she speaks, she always "slips out" a lot. Therefore, Qionghai people are synonymous with "Qionghai Liu", "Ah Liu" and "familiar and unfamiliar". In Hainan dialect, the superlative adjective does not use the words "very", "very" and "very". It is not as vulgar as Haikou people like to use "thief" (such as saying "very good" as "thief good" and "great" as "thief stick"), but adding "defeated" after adjectives when describing "very". For example, the second phonetic feature of Qionghai people is very good-"easy to lose" and very bad-"not easy to lose". When using adjectives, they don't have to be very advanced, but use disyllabic words. For example, if you describe it as black, you will say "black iron black iron"; Describing it as very white, he said: "White is white"; The description is very heavy, he said "heavy Jin"; When it is described as very light, it is said to be "light and light"; Describe thin, then say "thin fishy"; When describing it as salty, say it is "salty and bitter"; When describing a person with a full stomach, he said "full of gardens", and when describing a person who is fascinated by mahjong, he said "he is addicted to mahjong" ... The third phonetic feature of Qionghai people-some nouns are used to words. For example, in some food terms, "fried peanuts" are called "peanut frying"; Call "boiled peanuts" as "boiled peanuts"; Call "sour bamboo shoots" as "bamboo shoots are sour" and "fried white rice cakes" (called "rice cakes" in Haifu area) as "fried white rice cakes"; Call "black coffee" black coffee. In personal pronouns, the youngest brother is called "Viagra" instead of "Viagra". Similarly, call the youngest sister "Wei Jie"; The youngest uncle is called "Wei Dad". In addition, there are some nouns, such as "boar" and "pig male"; Called "sow" and "pig"; Call "male dog" and "dog male"; Call "bitch" and "dog"; Call "mother finger" as "thumb"; Call "typhoon" a "typhoon platform" ... 5 Qionghai people prefer boys to girls, and men are superior to women. "Marry a mainland husband and marry a Qionghai wife" is a folk saying. On the one hand, this statement shows that Qionghai's "clothes" (Hainan dialect calls women "clothes") are virtuous and hardworking, on the other hand, it also shows that Qionghai's social phenomenon that men are superior to women is serious. In those long years when people didn't have enough to eat, they ate sweet potato porridge for three meals a day and only ate dry food on holidays or when guests came. In rural areas, housewives often do heavy farm work, such as plowing and carrying loads. Even if she and her husband do the same farm work, she can get different pay. When housewives cook porridge in a cauldron in the morning, they should make full use of the flame at the end of the stove, put a clay pot at the end of the stove, cook some barnyard grass (dry rice) (Qionghai people call it "barnyard grass at the end of the stove"), or take out some dry rice with a spoon after the rice is cooked. These dry meals are specially prepared for "grandfathers" (including grandfathers and husbands) at home, while "clothes men" and "clothes boys" (underage girls) can only eat large pots of porridge. When can a "clothed person" enjoy the treatment of eating barnyard grass? There is a saying in Qionghai that a "father" watches the door and a clothed person watches the moon squat, which means that only a clothed person can eat two meals when squatting on the moon (confinement). Therefore, Qionghai people call a woman pregnant "eating barnyard grass" and "clothed person" and "confinement" as "eating barnyard grass". For generations, peasant women have slept from midnight to midnight for 360 days. You must get up at about four o'clock every morning. At that time, the alarm clock was a luxury at home, and every household had a rooster. When the cock crowed, the alarm clock rang. Whenever the cock crows for the first time, the peasant women rub their loose eyes and comb their messy hair. First, they add half a pot of water to a large iron pot (a large iron pot in rural areas can cook 10 people's meals), then sit in front of a big stove, light a dim kerosene lamp, add straw to the stove and cut sweet potatoes. When the water in the pot boils, a basket of sweet potatoes has been chopped up. Pour the first batch of sweet potato granules into the pot to cook pig food, and then chop up the second batch of sweet potato granules to cook sweet potato porridge for the whole family to eat at noon-this is commonly known as "boiled chicken crow rice" in Qionghai. The work of "roast chicken crowing" is done by the "clothes man" at home. Hainanese love to eat morning tea and China tea, but in the past, it was often the "father-in-law" who ate morning tea. The "father-in-law" can sleep till dawn, and then slowly walk to the tea shop in the market town for tea. When they crossed their legs and talked about the past while drinking tea, their clothes were all in the kitchen, eating sweet potato porridge with salted fish juice and getting ready to work in the fields! In folklore, "arbitrary" and "palace" can't eat at the same table. There are guests at home, and the "clothes delivery person" has to prepare meals and serve them on the table. When the "father-in-law" accompanied the guests to dinner, the "clothes man" had to retreat to the kitchen or stand behind the guests and the "father-in-law" to do service work for them, such as delivering meals and serving food. After the guests have had enough to eat and drink, the "clothes delivery man" will come out to clean up and take the leftovers to the kitchen to eat. The man in clothes spent a month in prison after giving birth to a child. He was pregnant in October and gave birth to a child once. He was very weak. He should spend a month in prison and have a good rest. If there is a considerate mother-in-law in this family, the "clothes man" can't eat at the same table as the "father-in-law" in diaper washing and folk customs. There are guests at home, and the "clothes delivery person" has to prepare meals and serve them on the table. When the "father-in-law" accompanied the guests to dinner, the "clothes man" had to retreat to the kitchen or stand behind the guests and the "father-in-law" to do service work for them, such as delivering meals and serving food. After the guests have had enough to eat and drink, the "clothes delivery man" will come out to clean up and take the leftovers to the kitchen to eat. Qionghai men like to eat "black" while women like to eat "soup" and "stir-fried". Qionghai faces the sea. Historically, many people went abroad to make a living, and many "Nanyang tourists" brought back western food culture. Among them, it is the habit of drinking coffee (Qionghai people call it "Eating Brother B Black"). In the old days, Nanyang returned a guest, and four villages and eight townships called friends. "Go to Nanyang guesthouse to eat black! In Nanyang Hakka, a glass of "Brother B" and a few pieces of "Roche" (biscuits) are the way to entertain guests. Invite friends to tea. In Qionghai, it means "Please eat Black Brother B! "Men in Qionghai who have the conditions seldom have breakfast at home. When the market is prosperous, they will go to a tea shop and have a cup of "black brother" and a "snack" for breakfast. Men with conditions also eat afternoon tea (Qionghai people call it "two sets of tea"). Qionghai is a grain-producing area in Hainan. Qionghai people eat three meals a day, mainly rice or rice products. Baba made of rice (called vermicelli in the northwest, Shahe powder in Guangzhou and Baba in Haifu area) is a favorite food of Qionghai people, especially women. The mantra of Guangzhou people is "Come to my house for tea! "The oral statement of Haifu people:" Come to my house to eat powder (namely Hainan powder)! " And Qionghai people verbally said, "Go to my house to eat! Just as rich people in the sea like to eat Hainan powder for breakfast, dinner, festivals and hospitality, Qionghai people also like to eat Baba Fried and Baba Soup for breakfast, dinner, festivals and hospitality. Before the reform and opening up, Qionghai took "Bai Ba" as a gift or a congratulatory gift for relatives and friends. Those who accept the "Hundred Eight" will give one to the owner of the "Hundred Eight" and one to the West. After getting a handful of "Bai Ba", boil a pot of water, add a few drops of oil, a few leaves, a little salt and chopped green onion, and it becomes "Ba Ba Tang", so the whole family is big and big!