Hexia Ancient Town is located in the northwest corner of Huai 'an District, Huai 'an City, Jiangsu Province, at the end of the ancient Han 'gou entrance into Huai 'an. It was once named Beichen Town and is one of the core protected areas of Huai 'an historical and cultural city. Liang Hongyu, a heroine, Wu Cheng'en, a great writer and other historical celebrities were born here. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 67 scholars, 123 juren and 12 Hanlin scholars here, which is known as the "hometown of scholars" and has a very profound cultural heritage. Basic Introduction Chinese Name: Hexia Ancient Town Location: Huai 'an District, Huai 'an City, Jiangsu Province Climate Type: Subtropical Monsoon Opening Hours: All-day Attractions Level: AAAAA Ticket Price: Free Famous Attractions: Wu Cheng'en Former Residence and Monkey King Family Exhibition Hall? Wensi Temple? Hexia Temple Ci Courtyard? Wu Jutong Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine belongs to country: China belongs to city: Huai 'an, Jiangsu Province, which is suitable for play season: the duration of play can be suggested in all seasons: it is recommended to read 2 hours before departure, scenic spot dynamics, scenic spot introduction, key information, ancient town history, ancient town context, ancient town characteristics, ancient town protection and traffic information. The ancient town history has a history of more than 2,5 years. In 486 BC, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, dug a ditch to connect the Yangtze River with the Huaihe River, and connected it with the Huaihe River under the north river of Huai 'an (then called the last mouth) to facilitate the transportation of troops and grain to the north. In 65 AD, Emperor Yangdi also dug the Grand Canal (then called Shanyangdu) to communicate the waterway traffic between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. After Zhou Shizong (955-96) cut down the Southern Tang Dynasty, he built the Puguan Pass here to connect the waterways. Later, the dam was built and the gate was changed to a dam. Song Longxing Middle School (1163-1164), Wei Sheng fought with the Jin people, that is, he transferred troops to transport grain. Han Shizhong and Liang Hongyu were stationed here to fight the nomads from here. In the Yuan Dynasty, Confucianism in Shanyang County was built under the river, and it was not until the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty that it moved into the county seat. In the Qing Dynasty, the imperial court sent a special envoy to the Huai 'an River, who was in charge of salt administration and patrolled the salt fields. All the Huai salt produced in coastal areas is transported to the river, and then distributed to various places for sale after inspection and tax extraction. Hexia is an important commercial port in Huai 'an. There are many kinds of special local chronicles under the river in the context of the ancient town of Hexia, among which there are 16 volumes of He Xiazhi. According to "Records under the River", there were 18 streets, 44 bridges, 12 gardens, 63 archways and 55 temples under the river. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the mansion of wealthy businessmen here, the Yidianyun, was comparable to the gardens of salt merchants in Yangzhou. Famous historical sites include Zhuangyuan Building, Kuixing Building, Wu Cheng'en's former residence, and a number of well-preserved former residences of celebrities. Zuo Baogui's tomb in Qing Dynasty was also under the river. Every street and every bridge under the river is rich in legends and stories, and it is the one with the richest cultural heritage among all ancient towns in China. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 55 scholars under the river, including one champion, two second-placed, one flower-exploring, and all three tripod armour. There are more than 1 people, and 5 people are learned and learned. As far as official positions are concerned, some people have served as Hanlin, Assistant Minister, Shangshu, Chef de Cabinet, Doctor Guanglu, and some people have served as teachers of the emperor, some of whom were very influential figures in society at that time. Wu Cheng'en's former residence has been famous in the past dynasties: in Qin and Han Dynasties, there were Han Xin, a militarist, Mei Cheng, Mei Gao and his son, Zhao Wei, a poet in Tang Dynasty, Liang Hongyu, a hero who fought against gold in Song Dynasty, Wu Cheng'en, a writer in The Journey to the West in Ming Dynasty, Shen Kun, the champion who fought against Japan, Yan Ruoqu, a master of park studies, Wu Yu, a famous scholar in textual research, Cheng Jinfang, a famous academician, Wu Jutong, a febrile disease physician, and Luo Tengfeng, a mathematician. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, a large number of businessmen from Shanxi, Shaanxi, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian and other provinces came to Huai 'an to invest in salt industry and gradually settled in Huai 'an. In the period of Ganjia, the business was flourishing and the number of businessmen increased day by day. In order to keep in touch with the countryside and compete in business, they established many guilds. Xin 'an Guild Hall is located in Tongshantang, King Temple of Zhou Xuanling (now the former site of Xin 'an Elementary School), Fujian Guild Hall is located in Fujian 'an (now the north of Lianhua New Village), Zhenjiang Guild Hall is located in North Point Building (now existing), Shanxi Dingyang Guild Hall is located in Zhuxiang, Ningbo Siming Guild Hall is located in Huzui Street, Jiangning Guild Hall is located in Zhongjie (now existing), and Jiangxi Guild Hall is located by the river outside Ximen. In Yaogou, the northern part of the river, when the salt industry flourished, residents specialized in carrying salt. According to Ganlong's "Shanyang County Records", "There are no fewer than thousands of food houses, and the east and west are twenty miles apart." In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 67 scholars, 123 juren and 12 Hanlin scholars here, which is known as the "hometown of scholars" and has a very profound cultural heritage. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the river was a salt distribution center in Huaibei, where the Huaibei Salt Transportation Division was once located, and many salt merchants worked here. At the same time, as Qingjiangdu Shipyard is located in Qingjiangpu, the river is also a supporting processing base for tank ship parts. Hexia is a typical ancient town with a thousand years of prosperity and decline due to transportation. At its peak, it has the reputation of "Yangzhou has a thousand years of prosperous scenery and moved to the mouth of the West Lake". At the end of the Qing Dynasty, because the salt distribution center in Huaibei moved to Xiba, Wang Jiaying, and the grain transportation was changed from river transportation to sea transportation, the river gradually declined. The ancient town is now a cultural relic of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, a national key cultural protection unit. As it has a long history and is in the center of North-South communication, it has formed a unique food culture and is one of the important cradles of Huaiyang cuisine, such as Wenlou crab roe soup packets and long fish banquets. There are six characteristics under the river in the ancient town: cultural town, military town, salt merchant town, traditional Chinese medicine town (the birthplace of Shanyang medicine), gourmet town (the birthplace of Huaiyang cuisine) and Buddhist culture. It is suggested that relevant departments should develop and establish scenic spots in these five aspects. 1. Cultural center: Wu Cheng'en's former residence and the Monkey King Family Exhibition Hall have been built under the river, and there are plans to build Zhuangyuan Building. The author suggests that a "Xiaxia Jinshi Exhibition Hall" should be built under the river. If it can be built, it will be the first in China. It also stands out that Xiahe is the first Jinshi town in China. Hexia Ancient Town 2. Military Town: Han Xin Diaoyutai, the Temple of the Floating Mother and Zuo Baogui's Tomb have been built. It is planned to restore Zhuangyuan Building, Liang Hongyu Temple and Park, Zuo Baogui Ancestral Temple and Chenggong Bridge. The author also suggests the construction of Erdige, Shihe Bridge (it is suggested that water should be diverted from the memorial archway of Hexia Ancient Town to the east of the stationery factory gate to the moat, and Shihe Bridge should be built directly at Erdige), the site of Tibetan soldiers' cave entrance, the site of the city wall at the west entrance of the new city, Ma Chang 'an's former residence (Ma Jizong's grandfather) and so on. 3. Salt merchants' town: The "Huaibei Salt Inspection Institute" has been built, and Chenggong Bridge is planned to be rebuilt. The author also suggests restoring some guild hall sites such as Yinjia Wharf, Songzhu Caotang and Wang's Courtyard. It can explain the status of salt merchants under the river in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. 4. Important Town of Traditional Chinese Medicine (birthplace of Shanyang medicine): The Wu Jutong Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine has been built, and the old house of traditional Chinese medicine in Xu Shi has been listed for protection. If we can build another "Shanyang Medical Exhibition Hall" and "Hexia Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Exhibition Room" in Wu Jutong Memorial Hall, and open a Chinese Medicine Hall clinic and pharmacy on both sides of the gate, and protect Wang's compound (Wang Xiaochuan's old house), Zhang Xianghou's old house, Tan Ji 'an's old house and Ma Jizong's old house, it will be even more distinctive. 5. Food Town (the birthplace of Huaiyang cuisine): Hexia is the first town of Huaiyang famous cuisine, and it has been an ancient town of consumption for generations, with many rich people and many diners. So the chef invented all kinds of dishes to meet the requirements of the rich. For example, the crab roe soup dumpling in Wenlou, the long fish mat in Wenlou, and the magnolia slice in Hexia Zhuanxiang, among which 18 kinds of long fish mats are famous at home and abroad, and the Wenlou has been restored and expanded in the past two years. The author suggests that a "Huaiyang Cuisine Exhibition Hall" be built next to Wenlou, and a restaurant dedicated to making the most famous "long fish mat" under the river be built in Huzui Street, Chaxiang Street or Yuyi Street. At the same time, it is also suggested to open more local specialty snacks, which can attract diners in the city and make foreign tourists taste Huai' an specialty snacks. 6. Buddhist culture (Wensi Temple), formerly known as Tongyuan Temple and Dabei Temple. Wensi Temple was built at the end of the Tang Dynasty, and it faces a lake (Guanjia Lake in the west of the city, also known as West Lake), with vast smoke, birds and flowers, picturesque scenery and beautiful environment. After the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were several ups and downs due to floods and military disasters. In the Song Dynasty, the monk Lan Yu was rebuilt and the temple was named Dabei 'an, with strict rules and regulations. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, due to the repeated flooding of the Yellow River, Dabei 'an was flooded several times, and it was only in the early Qing Dynasty that the temple's appearance gradually recovered. In the forty-fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (175), Xuanye visited the south of the Yangtze River again, passing through Hexia Town, Huai 'an Prefecture, and the Qinci Temple was named Wensi Temple. The protection of the river in the ancient town is the best preserved historical block in Chuzhou ancient city. Up to now, the whole block still maintains the architectural style of Ming and Qing Dynasties. More than 8% of the houses are brick and wood structures before the Republic of China, more than 7% of the buildings before the Qing Dynasty and 9% of the stone pavements, and the historical features are basically well preserved. Representative streets, lanes and bridges include Huzui Street, Juyi Street, Huaxiang, Chaxiang and Luojiaqiao. There are also a number of cultural relics protection units and a number of historical sites in Hexia Town. It mainly refers to Wu Cheng'en's former residence, Zuo Zhongzhuang's public temple, mosque's ancient building, etc. In addition, there are a number of well-preserved former residences of celebrities and traditional houses and halls in Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Wang Tingzhen's former residence, Wu Jutong's former residence and Xia Yue Hu's residence. Most of the private gardens in those days have been destroyed. Hexia Ancient Town, a national key cultural relics protection unit, has been fully built, and its "One River, Two Streets and Five Scenes" has begun to take shape. The construction project of 4, square meters of classical garden-style buildings at the north entrance of the river, which consists of garden attractions, the stage of Journey to the West and the Temple of Liang Hongyu, has entered the final sprint stage. Hexia ancient town basically has the conditions for outward promotion. The Chuzhou District Committee decided to make it into the Huai 'an version of "Confucius Temple" and "Zhouzhuang" with unique personality characteristics in the next two months. In early April 211, Hexia Ancient Town will be fully opened to the outside world. In November 211, the former residence of Wu Cheng'en, an ancient town in Hexia, was approved as a national 3A-level tourist attraction. Wu Cheng'en's former residence is the only place in China that comprehensively displays the culture of Journey to the West and commemorates Wu Cheng'en. The whole scenic spot consists of Wu Cheng'en's former residence, Monkey King Family Art Museum and Wu Cheng'en's life exhibition hall, covering an area of 15, square meters and a building area of 3,5 square meters. Traffic information is far from Huai 'an City to Hexia Guzhen Town, so taking a bus is the best choice. Bus No.69 in Huai 'an can go directly to Hexia Ancient Town. Take bus No.39 from huaian railway station to Subei Market, and then transfer to bus No.69 to reach Hexia Station. Self-driving route: Changshen Expressway-Ninglian Highway-Beijing-Shanghai Expressway-Yingbin Avenue-Chengxi North Road, and finally turn to Xiangyu Avenue. Tram Line 1 can reach the "Hexia Ancient Town" station.