According to historical records, around 116 AD, a prince from Sumatra took a boat to visit the island and saw a monster with black head and white chest. The locals called it "Singa" (lion) and later called it "Singapura", which is the origin of the name of "Singapore" (also known as "Lion City"). In the early years, it was also called "Sin Chew" and "Sing Tao" because of its small or "Sing" pronunciation. According to the Singapore Yearbook (23), around 133 AD, a China businessman named Wang Dayuan visited Singapore. He called this place "Temasek" (meaning "fishing village") and said that there were already Chinese living on the island. On January 29, 1819, the Englishman Stanford? Stamford Raffles landed in Singapore and used its unique geographical location to set up a trade transfer station. It became a British colony in 1824. It is an important entrepot trade port of Britain in the Far East and a major military base in Southeast Asia. Singaporeans regard Raffles as the "father of the country", and there is a statue of Raffles on the bank of Singapore where he landed. There are also roads, hotels and hospitals named after Raffles. In 1942, Singapore was occupied by the Japanese army. After Japan surrendered in 1945, Britain resumed its colonial rule. In 1948, it joined the Malayan Associated State, and in June 1959, it implemented internal autonomy and became an autonomous state. Lee Kuan Yew became the prime minister of the autonomous state government, and Britain still retained the powers of national defense, foreign affairs, amending the Constitution and issuing "emergency decrees". On September 16th, 1963, Malaysia was formed by Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak and Sabah. On August 9, 1965, Singapore broke away from Malaysia and became a sovereign, democratic and independent country. This day was designated as Singapore's National Day. In September 1965, he became a member of the United Nations, a member of the United States and the Federation in October, and a member of the United States in December. Yusuf Issa became the first president.