What are the Greek letters?

Greek letters

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The Greek letters are the letters used in Greek and are also widely used in mathematics, physics, biology, astronomy and other subjects. Greek letters are similar to English letters and Russian letters, but the symbols are different, and the nature of the phonetic notation is the same. The Greek alphabet is the world's oldest alphabet with vowels. The Kirill alphabet and Georgian alphabet used in Russian, New Mongolian, etc. are both developed from the Greek alphabet. People who have studied Russian will feel familiar when using the Greek alphabet. Greek letters have entered the vocabulary of many languages. For example, the international vocabulary delta comes from the Greek letter Δ, because Δ is a triangle.

Table of contents

Source

Alphabet letters in use

Discontinued letters

ISO 8859- 7 Encodings

Unicode encodings

Overview

Sources of additional symbols

Letters used in the alphabet

Already Disable letters

ISO 8859-7 encoding

Unicode encoding

Overview

Additional symbols

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The Greek alphabet is derived from the Phoenician alphabet. The Phoenician alphabet has only consonants and is written from right to left. The Greek language has developed vowels, and the Greeks added vowel letters. Because the writing tool of the Greeks was wax tablets, sometimes after writing the previous line from right to left, they would write from left to right, which became the so-called "ploughland" writing, which later gradually evolved into all Greek writing

Letters are written from left to right. The orientation of the letters is also reversed. The Romans introduced the Greek alphabet and slightly changed it into the Latin alphabet, which became widely popular around the world. The Greek alphabet is widely used in academic fields such as mathematics. The Cyrillic alphabet also evolved from the Greek alphabet. The English word alphabet (letter) is derived from the popular Latin Alphabetum, which is derived from the Greek Alphabeton, which is a combination of the first two Greek letters α (Alpha) and β (Beta).

The Greek alphabet has a profound impact on Greek civilization and even Western culture. In the New Testament, God says: "I am Alpha and Omega, the first and the last, the beginning and the end." (Bible Revelation

22:13). In the Greek alphabet, the first letter is "Α, α" (Alpha), which represents the beginning; the last letter is "Ω, ω" (Omega), which represents the end. This is the trace of the New Testament being written in Greek.

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Letters in use

Letters Ancient Greek name English name Ancient Greek pronunciation Modern Greek pronunciation Chinese phonetic notation Mathematical meaning

Α α?λφαAlpha[a],[a?][a]Alpha angle; coefficient

Β ββ?ταBeta[b][v]Beta flux coefficient; angle; coefficient

Γ γγ?μμαGamma[g]/i/, /e/ is preceded by [?], and the rest is [?] gamma conductivity coefficient (lowercase)

Δ δδ? λταDelta[d][?]Delta change; density; diopter

Ε ε?ψιλονEpsilon[e][e]The base of the Epsilon logarithm

Ζ ζζ?ταZeta [zd] (or [dz]), followed by [z?]/[z][z] Zeta coefficient; azimuth angle; impedance; relative viscosity; atomic number

Η η?ταEta[? ][i]Theta hysteresis coefficient; efficiency (lowercase)

Θ θθ?ταTheta[t?][θ]Theta temperature; phase angle

Ι ιι?ταIota[i ][i]Yota is tiny, just a little

Κ κκ?ππαKappa[k]/i/,/e/ is preceded by [c], and the rest is [k] Kappa’s medium constant

∧ λλ?μβδα (now λ?μδα)Lambda[l][l] Lambda wavelength (lowercase); volume

Μ μμυ(now μι)Mu[m][ m]Micro (one thousandth); amplification factor (lowercase)

Ν ννυ(now νι)Nu[n][n] New magnetoresistance coefficient

Ξ ξξιXi [ks][ks]plug

Ο ο?μ?κρονOmicron[o][o]Omicron

∏ ππιPi[p][p]Pi=circumference÷diameter≈3.1416

Ρ ρρωRho[r][?]Flexible resistance coefficient (lowercase); density

∑ σ middle/?suffix σ?γμαSigma[s][s] Sigma sum (uppercase) , surface density; transconductance (lowercase)

Τ τταυTau[t][t]Tao time constant

Υ υ?ψιλονUpsilon[y],[y?](earlier is [u],[u?])[i]Jade Pseulon displacement

Φ φφιPhi[p?][f]Foai magnetic flux; angle

Χ χχιChi[k ?]/i/,/e/ is preceded by [?], and the remainder is [x]Kay

Ψ ψψιPsi[ps][ps] Psi angular velocity; dielectric electric flux (electrostatic force line)

Ω ωωμ?γαOmega[?][o]Omega ohm (uppercase); angular speed (lowercase); angle

Alphabets disabled

Letters Name pronunciation Latin transliteration

wWau (Digamma)[w]w

Stigma[st]s

Heta[h]h

J ?Jota[j]j

San[s]s

Sho[?]sh

Koppa[k] in /u/, /o /front q

Sampi (Disigma) may be an affricate, but the specific sound value is uncertain. It may be [s]/[ks]/[ts]ss

The above two The table lists the Greek letters and their derivatives (pronounced using the International Phonetic Alphabet). Some letters had different pronunciations during preclassic times or when not used in Athenian dialects.

Edit this paragraph ISO 8859-7 encoding

ISO 8859-7 encoding is a Greek alphabet computer encoding before Unicode became popular. See ISO/IEC 8859-7.

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U+0370 - U+03F0 is Monotonic Greek. (U+03E2 - U+03EF are ancient Egyptian alphabetic codes and are not listed in the table below)

U+1F00 - U+1FFF are Polytonic Greek. It was no longer used after the spelling reform in 1982.

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α, the phonetic name is ?λφα, the Greek letter name is /?alfa/, American English is called alpha, and alpha is commonly used Used as an adjective to show the most important or primary aspect of something. It is a vowel letter, which represents the sound /a/. In American English, it becomes the vowel letter a, and in the Russian alphabet, it becomes the vowel letter а.

β, the sound name is β?τα, the Greek letter name is /vita/, American English is called beta/'bet?/, beta can also mean the test of computer software Version, usually refers to the public beta version, which provides ordinary users to assist in testing and report problems. It is a consonant letter. In ancient Greek, β was pronounced as /b/, but in modern Greek, it was pronounced as /v/. In modern Greek, "μπ" represents the /b/ sound. In American English, it became the consonant letter b, in Russian it became the consonant letter б.

The Greek letter Γ

γ, the sound name is γ?μμα, the Greek letter name is /?ama/, American English is called gamma, it is a consonant letter, representing /?/ sound. In American English it became the consonants c and g, in Russian it became the consonant г.

δ, the sound name is δ?λτα, the Greek letter name is /?elta/, and American English is called delta. It is a consonant letter, which means /?/. In American English, it becomes the consonant letter d, and in Russian it becomes the consonant letter д.

Ε ε, Greek ? ψιλ?ν, meaning "simple

e". American English calls it epsilon. It is a vowel letter, representing the sound /ε/, which is the short phonetic symbol of e used in American English. In American English it becomes the vowel letter e. Ζ

ζ. The name of the Greek letter is called /zita/, and American English is called zeta. It is a consonant letter, representing the sound /z/, which becomes the consonant letter z in American English. Η

η, the sound name ?τα, the Greek letter name is /?ita/, American English is called eta, it is a vowel letter, representing the sound /i/. Θ

θ, the sound name θ?τα, the Greek letter name is called /?θita/, and American English is called theta. It is a consonant letter, representing the sound /θ/, which is the dental fricative sound th in American English. Voiceless. Ι

ι, called iota in American English, is sometimes used to express subtle differences. It is a vowel letter, which has the same pronunciation as eta, and can also represent /j/. In American English it becomes the vowel letter i. Κ

κ, the sound name is κ?ππα, the Greek letter name is /?kapa/, and American English is called kappa. It is a consonant letter, representing the two sounds /k/ and /x/. ∧

λ, the sound name λ?μβδα, the Greek letter name is /?lam?a/, American English is called lambda, it is a consonant letter, representing the sound /l/, in Russian it becomes The consonant letter л. Μ

μ, the sound name μ?, the Greek letter name is called /mi/, and American English is called mu. It is a consonant letter, representing the sound /m/, which became the consonant letter m in American English. , became the consonant letter м in Russian. Ν

ν, the sound name ν?, the Greek letter name is called /ni/, American English is called nu, it is a consonant letter, representing the nasal sound /n/, in American English it becomes the consonant letter n, In Russian it became the consonant letter н. Ξ

ξ, the sound name ξ?, the Greek letter name is called /ksi/, and American English is called xi, which is a consonant letter, representing /ks/. Ο ο, Omicron literally means "little

O" (?μικρ?ν), to distinguish it from ω "?μ?γα, big O", similar to the American English vowel o . ∏

π, the sound name is π?, the Greek letter name is /pi/, American English is called pi, it is a consonant letter, representing /p/, in American English it becomes the consonant letter p, in In Russian, it became the consonant letter п. Ρ

ρ, called rho in American English, is a consonant letter, representing /r/, which became the consonant letter r in American English. ∑

σ, the phonetic name σ?γμα, in Greek, if the last letter of a word is a lowercase σ, the letter should be written as , which is called sigma in American English. It is a consonant letter, representing the sound /s/. In American English it becomes the consonant letter s, and in Russian it becomes the consonant letter c. Υ υ, the Greek is υ

ψιλ?ν, meaning "simple

u". In American English it is called upsilon. It is a vowel letter, and has the same pronunciation as η and ι. In the Russian alphabet, it becomes the vowel letter y, while in American English, it becomes the vowel letter u, and the consonants v, w, and y.

φ, the Greek lowercase letter φ, the upper left corner is open; when used as a symbol, it is usually written as ф, which changes into the shape of a reduced capital Φ. In American English, it is called phi. In Russian, it became the consonant letter ф. Χ

χ, called phi in American English, is a consonant letter with a voiceless velar fricative sound, which is the pronunciation of ch in loch (used in proper names, lakes in Scotland) in American English, but in the United States In English, it becomes the consonant letter x. The pronunciation of x is different from that of χ. It is a complex consonant. In Russian, it becomes the consonant letter х. The pronunciation of x in Russian is exactly the same as χ.

Ψ ψ is called psi in American English, and the Greek letter name is /psi/, which is a consonant letter and is pronounced /ps/. Ω ω, Omega literally means "big

O" (?μ?γα), to distinguish it from the letter ο "?μικρ?ν, small O". In American English, it is called omega, which is used to refer to the end of something, corresponding to alpha, which refers to the beginning.

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Additional symbols were often added above or below ancient Greek letters, such as acute accent, accent, circumflex, tilde, diaeresis, and rasp. talisman and soft air talisman, etc. In this way, the vowel letter α in ancient Greek has 26 different ways of writing.

Acute note: The letter must be pronounced with force and in a flat tone. Accented accent: The letter must be pronounced with force and in a falling tone. Circumflex: The letter must be pronounced with force and in an upward tone.

The ancient Greek letter aura: indicates the [h] before the ancient Greek vowels. The consonant ρ always carries the aura character when it is at the beginning of a word. Soft Air Charm: Indicates the absence of [h]. The two ρ's

although always present in the middle of the word, were originally written as the first ρ with a soft sign and the second with a bold sign; both are now omitted in Greek. ι subscript: placed under the letters α, η and ω, indicating the long vowels αι, ηι and

ωι. Sometimes written as a normal-sized lowercase letter adjacent to an uppercase letter. Diaeresis: Placed on the letters ι and υ to indicate that this vowel is pronounced separately from the vowel before it.

Diacritics are written above lowercase letters and to the upper left of uppercase letters. In the case of a diphthong or digraph, the second vowel receives a diacritical mark. The breath symbol is written to the left of the acute or accented note, but below the circumflex note. The accent mark is written above the diaeresis, and the acute or grave note can also be written in the middle of the two points.

In Modern Greek, all accented symbols are replaced by one symbol, the acute, and the breath symbol is abandoned. The diaeresis remains. Of course, when used as a specific code name, there is no need to add additional symbols. (Original) Entry Album More Albums

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"Greek letters" in Definition in the Chinese-English dictionary (source: Baidu Dictionary):

1.Greek alphabet

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