In the long history of five thousand years, many dynasties have passed through. These dynasties were either pure or wise and courageous, leaving us with an unbreakable dream of purity and beauty.

From the clumsiness of the Pre-Qin Dynasty, the majesty of the Han Dynasty, to the grandeur of the Tang and Song Dynasties, there is a slightly romantic Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties interspersed.

This dynasty has given birth to countless romantic figures, whether it is Xie Lingyun of "Zhilan Yushu", Tao Yuanming who "doesn't give up for five buckets of rice", or Wang Xizhi who is famous all over the world for his "Lanting Preface", they are all for Later generations will talk about it.

The reason for the emergence of such a romantic Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties lies in a famous national fusion in history.

1. The impact of ethnic integration during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

The "Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties" was a period of about 400 years from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty's destruction of the Chen Dynasty. During this period, Due to various reasons, the ethnic minorities in the north and the Han people in the Central Plains have completed a great ethnic integration.

This national integration has had many far-reaching impacts and is the beginning and turning point of many historical events. It is particularly important in history.

1. The basis and reasons for national integration

There are three basic conditions for this national integration. Different ethnic groups have different living areas, and different ethnic groups have the same or similar language and economic environment. Finally, the cultures of different ethnic groups are interspersed with each other, making their cultures similar.

Relying on these three foundations, coupled with the frequent wars at that time, people were displaced and many people had to leave their homes, resulting in a large population loss.

At this time, ethnic minorities in the northwest and other places also migrated to the interior of the Central Plains due to frequent natural disasters and wars, allowing various ethnic groups to blend with each other.

During the integration period, the living habits of various ethnic groups began to change. In order to survive better, they learned and exchanged different lifestyles with other ethnic groups, including the Han people in the mainland of the Central Plains.

Their lifestyle and diet have undergone great changes. The impact of the blending of various ethnic groups. The newly immigrated ethnic groups brought many new things to the Han people in the Central Plains, which greatly enriched the material and spiritual lives of the people at that time.

After King Zhao Wuling, Hufu came into public view again. This time, the convenient Hufu entered the lives of ordinary people, changing the previous upper and lower garments.

This fashion even affected the early Tang Dynasty. Until the early Tang Dynasty, noble ladies still wore Hufu as fashionable, which can be said to have far-reaching influence.

In terms of spirituality, the folk songs and music of ethnic minorities also influenced the Central Plains peoples. The well-known "Chile Song" and "Mulan Ci" were produced during this period.

Even until the Sui and Tang Dynasties, most of Yanle and Xiliang music were the result of the combination of Hu and Han. Even Buddhism, one of the three major religions in the world today, was only vigorously translated and promoted by the rulers at this time, and it later spread so widely.

"There are 480 temples in the Southern Dynasties, and many towers are in the mist and rain." Without the vigorous promotion of Buddhism by the rulers at that time, there would not be many well-known Buddhist statues today, and many splendid civilizations in China would also be Lost a lot of color.

Even in terms of systems, under the influence of different systems of various ethnic groups, a more appropriate and advanced land equalization system was produced, which better solved the relationship between farmers' land and taxation.

And due to the integration of nationalities, ideas have reached a new peak. Active ideas have promoted the emergence of new technologies and the advancement of existing technologies.

The steel-filling method that appeared at that time was very advanced. The Sutie knives and Bailian steel knives produced represented the world's advanced level at that time and also represented the new peak of national craftsmanship.

Not only that, the animal husbandry of the nomadic ethnic minorities is also higher than that of the farming Han people in the Central Plains. With the migration of ethnic groups, advanced livestock raising methods, livestock disease treatment and animal husbandry product processing methods are also introduced to the Central Plains. .

These advanced livestock breeding methods not only contributed to the economic growth of the Central Plains region, but also changed the eating habits of the Han people in the Central Plains and greatly increased the intake of dairy products.

2. Diet changes caused by ethnic integration

The various influences brought about by ethnic integration have directly or indirectly affected Chinese food culture, laying the foundation for the subsequent development of Chinese cuisine. A certain basis.

1. Changes in existing foods

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, pasta underwent more changes among the people. At this time, the noodle making and fermentation processes were more advanced.

"Qimin Yaosu" records a wine fermentation method: use one stone of flour, seven or eight liters of white rice to make porridge; ferment it with six or seven liters of white wine. Put it on the fire, the wine will boil in the eyes of the fish, and the water will be removed. Use the dough to knead the noodles, and then the noodles can be cooked.

This fermentation method is relatively scientific even today. Thanks to the development of this technology, the types of pasta have become increasingly rich, including various cakes, steamed buns, dumplings and wontons. wait.

It’s just that at that time they were collectively called cakes. Liu Xi’s "Shiming" said: cakes, too. Australia will merge. Not only pasta, but also dairy products were important during this period and entered the daily life of the Han people in the Central Plains.

The promotion of dairy products even affected the daily diet of nobles. "Book of Jin" says: "Cheese nourishes one's nature and does not hinder one's mind.

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At that time, there were many ways to eat dairy products, including fermented milk - cheese, ghee - crisp, fermented bean curd - cheese, etc.

You can You can drink it directly or mix it with pasta. It has a unique flavor. The wine-making process has also been improved, but because it has not been distilled, it is basically a very low-alcohol fruit wine, which is basically not intoxicating. Literati may say that this is one of the reasons for their high drinking capacity.

2. New developments in banquets and catering

Banquets have always been one of the focuses of ancient social life, and the development of banquets has also evolved. The side shows the changes and development of productivity and living habits.

During this period, the banquet etiquette became more complicated, the ostentation became more grand, and the types of dishes became more popular. Princes were fond of extravagance and liked to compare their financial resources.

According to regulations, when participating in palace banquets held by the royal family, officials were required to change into appropriate clothing to match their status and status. Banquet etiquette, and set off the royal majesty.

And there are distinctions between cold dishes and hot dishes. Different dishes are served to each person attending the banquet in batches, and they are served again after a period of time. The method is very similar to today's Western meal sharing system.

It should be noted that the meal sharing system is one of the manifestations of more developed social productivity. Apart from the luxurious and exquisite palace banquets with complicated etiquette, literati officials, Private gatherings of children of aristocratic families were also frequent.

The "Liu Shang Qushui" recorded in "Lanting Collection Preface" was a unique and elegant drinking style at that time. Let it flow down the river and drink it if you stop in front of it, which means to get rid of disaster and uncertainty.

It is elegant and adds new interest, and also shows the strong strength of the family at that time. At that time, even the invited guests had to be members of the family, and only those with high status could be seated.

3. Changes in cooking methods

Before the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the cooking of the Han people was mostly based on steaming. , the diet is mostly light, but with the migration and integration of ethnic groups, the eating habits of various ethnic groups have influenced each other, and many new cooking methods have emerged.

The production methods of sauce and vinegar that we often eat today have emerged. It adds a lot of appeal to the taste and texture of food.

Imagine how much "soul" many of today's snacks would lose if they did not have vinegar and soy sauce with rich flavors. >In addition, the pickling method of vegetables appeared, which not only increased the taste of vegetables, but also extended the storage time of vegetables, which greatly improved people's quality of life.

At that time, it also increased the taste of vegetables. Many methods of preparing meat have emerged. These are new changes brought about by ethnic minorities after they entered the Central Plains.

According to records in various classics, people in the Wei and Jin Dynasties had multiple health care practices, so there were also changes. Health-preserving medicinal wine that combines medicinal materials and wine, and medicinal diets made from various types of corn and beans, were also slowly born and developed at that time.

The background of national integration gave Wei. The Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties had different characteristics from other dynasties. These characteristics were reflected in all aspects of life and customs, giving future generations unlimited imagination.

The changes in meals also reflect the influence of the great integration of ethnic groups and became the unique style of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.