Maoming open pit mine is a product left over from history. 1In August, 958, the largest open-pit mine in southern China broke ground in Maoming. The exploitation of Maoming oil shale is like a caesarean section on the earth: cut a seam along the richest part of the vein, peel off the topsoil, expose the original ore, and dig the ore directly on the vein and transport it out. Tens of thousands of oil technicians, skilled workers and migrant workers gathered in Maoming oil shale storage area. With hoes, dustpans and shoulder poles, a modern version of "One Mountain in Gong Yu" was staged: a small experimental furnace was built on the Radar Ridge of Maoming Open-pit Mine to conduct crude oil refining experiments with oil shale, and then a large retorting furnace and oil refinery were built to refine barrels of oil.
From the large-scale operation of 196 1 mine and shale retort to the end of 1992, the cumulative exploitation amount was nearly 200 million tons, more than 6,543.8 million tons of oil shale were exploited, and 2.92 million tons of shale oil were produced, which made a special contribution to alleviating the national oil use difficulties.
On 20 1 1 year, Maoming municipal party Committee and municipal government decisively gave up the huge mining income brought by kaolin and coal development in this area and made a decision to close the open pit mine.
201February, Maoming High-tech Zone started the planning and construction of the open-pit mine ecological park. According to the principle of organic combination of restoration and optimization, four major projects of "water diversion, road construction, tree planting and museum building" will be built according to local conditions, and the existing terrain, original environment and facilities in the mining area will be used as much as possible. The specific contents include: introducing river water to build a large-scale artificial lake (reservoir) of nearly 654.38 billion cubic meters, transforming roads around the lake for about 23 kilometers, planting trees for about 6,300 mu every year, building a large-scale petroleum culture museum and investing about 654.38 billion yuan in a 654.38 billion kilowatt solar power generation project.
Through a series of scenic spots, such as flower viewing, sightseeing, water playing and exhibition viewing, we will build a large-scale open ecological park with industrial characteristics, which integrates landscapes, mines and leisure, and provide citizens with a good place for daily leisure activities with multiple functions such as culture, tourism, leisure and vacation.
20 13 12 3 1, Maoming Petrochemical Company handed over the south and north dumping sites and mines of Maoming Municipal Government with a total area of 20.3 1 km2.
The construction of the 20 14 open-pit mine ecological park was launched in an all-round way, which is a measure for benefiting the people by Maoming Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government to vigorously implement the five development concepts of "innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing".
Lakeside architecture
The pit where the open pit stopped mining has accumulated over time to form a big lake. Maoming Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government adapted to local conditions, made full use of the natural environment, changed the water quality of lakes through water diversion projects, and built a multifunctional reservoir integrating ecology, irrigation and landscape.
The water diversion project started in June, 20 14, including five parts: expanding the branch canal of the 800m building, building a 950m diversion canal, building a1130m spillway, filling a 920m dam and building an artificial beach of 40,000m2. With the continuous injection and neutralization treatment of fresh water, some indicators are close to the second-class water quality standard.
The lake is about 1 km wide, 6.8km long and 90m deep. The water diversion project was put into operation on March 3, 20 16, and the mine pit lake was connected with Gaozhou Reservoir, Jianjiang River and Jiang Xiaodong River system through the construction of diversion canal. Diversion into the lake has completely changed the water quality of the mine lake, played a positive role in solving the irrigation of the surrounding 8,800 mu of farmland and effectively changing the ecological environment of the Jiang Xiaodong River Basin, and will add a reservoir with a storage capacity of 65.438+0.6 billion cubic meters to Maoming City.
The water in the open pit lake is acidic and cannot be drunk and irrigated. Water diversion to improve the water quality of waste mine lakes is a prerequisite for the "resurrection" of open pit mines.
The characteristic German-style wooden house built by the lake in the open-pit mine is built on a circular hillside, with the introduction of German original ecological architectural elements and all-wood structure, with an overall area of more than 600 square meters.
In August, 2065438+2007, in memory of China's first heroine, Mrs Xian, our lake was named "Kindhearted Lake". Her spirit of "only using a kind heart" has risen to the spirit of the city, and "kindness Maoming" has been widely recognized.
20 18 20 18 On August 3rd, Shanxin Lake in the open pit mine was selected as one of the top ten cultural business cards in Maoming.
Maoming Open-pit Mine bears a long history of mining culture and has a profound historical memory in the history of mining development in Maoming, Guangdong and even the whole country. Maoming Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government vigorously promote the construction of open-pit mine museum, and strive to build the first museum of mineral sites with rich connotations in Guangdong.
The open-pit mine museum has a total construction area of more than 9000 square meters. The project started construction on 20 15 and 12. After completion, the main body was handed over to the Municipal Bureau of Culture and Art for display. Upon completion, it will become a comprehensive museum integrating exhibition, popular science, collection and other functions, inheriting Maoming mining culture and the spirit of oil city, and it is the first museum of mineral sites in Guangdong.
Besides exhibitions, museums also have many functions such as sightseeing and leisure. According to reports, in the functional division, including historical and cultural exhibitions, industrial cultural relics exhibitions, petrochemical industry science popularization and projection rooms, the development process, historical significance and cultural accumulation of 1958 to 20 19 open pit mine construction are comprehensively displayed through industrial cultural relics exhibitions and participation experiences.
On March 26th, 20 19, after years of construction and intense preparation, the open-pit mine museum was finally officially opened to the public.
The museum has three floors, the first floor is Hall 2 and Hall Memory of the City 1, the second floor is Hall 2 and Hall 2 of Petrochemical Science Popularization 1, and the third floor is the achievement exhibition of Maoming's 60th anniversary. Open-pit mine museum is free of charge.
Opening hours: 09: 00 a.m.-65438+02: 00 p.m.-14: 30-65438+07:30 p.m. Closed every Monday.