Zaozhuang, Shandong province
Zaozhuang, Shandong province is a treasure with beautiful scenery and beautiful environment.
Baodugu National Forest Park is steep and abrupt, such as Optimus Prime goes straight into the sky, and the forest vegetation area in the park is large. It is a gathering area of natural miscellaneous forests with rare subtropical evergreen broad-leaved trees in China, and there are many precious trees. Taierzhuang ancient canal is magnificent, with hundreds of battles and flows, and it passes around the city like a jade belt; Pomegranate Garden Scenic Area in Yicheng has dense willow trees, winding green sandalwood and winding paths. Strange trees, mountain springs, ancient tombs, temples and inscriptions loom in the pomegranate garden.
Zaozhuang has a long history and splendid culture. It is rich in cultural tourism resources and is the hometown of Mozi, a great thinker in ancient China.
In this rich land, there are Beixin Cultural Site, Ancient Tengguo Site, Ancient Xueguo Site, numerous Han tombs and spectacular Han stone reliefs, all of which are in the urban area.
There have been many famous people in history, such as Mao Sui, a great scholar who "recommended himself", Kuang Heng, the prime minister of the Western Han Dynasty, and Jia Sanjin, a great writer of the Hanlin in the Ming Dynasty. They left many scenic spots on this land to inspire and influence future generations.
flying tigers, which has made great contributions to the country and the people, stands tall with its monuments and sculptures beside the beautiful Weishan Lake. The Taierzhuang War Memorial Hall, covering an area of 34, square meters, reproduces the grand scene of patriotic soldiers who fought bloody battles in the Taierzhuang War that shocked China and foreign countries.
These numerous natural and cultural landscapes adorn Zaozhuang, a splendid mountain and river, with more power and grandeur.
? Zaozhuang enjoys a superior geographical position and convenient transportation, which is the main traffic artery between north and south.
beijing-shanghai railway and Beijing-Fuzhou expressways run through the north and south, and Xue-Zao branch line connects the two places. The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal runs through the southern part of the city and goes downstream to Zhejiang, Shanghai and other provinces and cities. The transportation network interwoven by railways, highways and waterways can connect all parts of the country, and smooth traffic and communication bring new vitality to tourism.
In recent years, Zaozhuang has made great efforts to improve the investment environment, the urban construction is changing with each passing day, the newly-built traffic trunk roads run between urban and rural areas, and the construction of tourist facilities and scenic spots has been continuously developed and improved, forming a tourist area of Baodugu National Forest Park, which is dominated by mountains.
The mountains here are endless, with many peaks, surrounded by scenic spots such as Chaoyunguan, Junshan Wanghai and Eighteen Arhats Cave. There are many scenic spots such as Qingtan Temple, Yiwang Pavilion, Garden Garden, Quan Fei's Tomb, Sanjin Academy and Sino-Japanese Friendship Monument Gallery in the 1,-acre pomegranate garden.
Taierzhuang Ancient Canal Scenic Area, which is dominated by "water".
the upper reaches of the river have been developed into a scenic spot of Yuehe Park, which consists of Taierzhuang War Memorial Hall, Li Zongren Historical Materials Museum, He Jingzhi Literature Museum and other scenic spots.
The downstream part still maintains the original appearance of ancient houses in the prosperous time of Kanggan.
the overall control bureau of Tengzhou ancient culture tourist area, which is dominated by "antiquity".
The ancient fairs and temple fairs (mountain fairs) in Zaozhuang area originated earlier. According to the Tengzhou Business Journal, in 415 BC (the Warring States Period), the "North Temple Fair" in Yangzhuang, Tengxian (now Tengzhou) had already reached a considerable scale.
In the 7th year, Canglangyuan Temple Fair was very popular in the northwest of Yi County. Every year on the third day of March, people went to burn incense to worship "Master Cang and Grandma Cang", and the incense was very strong, which continues to this day.
during the great cause of the sui dynasty, the "white temple fair" in the south of Yixian county and the "official bridge fair" in the south of Tengxian county were the largest ancient temple fairs in the region.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the "Qingtan Temple Fair" in the west of Yi County and the "Incense Fair" in Dongsha River in Tengxian County were magnificent.
according to the records of yi county annals and Teng county annals in Ming dynasty, hundreds of temples, temples and workshops were built in Zaozhuang area in Ming dynasty.
There is a god in each temple and temple. Whenever a temple or temple is completed, people who believe in these gods go to burn incense and pray.
On the memorial day, there is an endless stream of good men and women, and the roads are full and the roads are blocked. Businessmen and traders gather and gradually evolve into trading places for buying and selling activities.
Generally, these temple fairs, incense parties and mule-horse meetings are held once a year, or twice or several times a year, with a duration of three, five, seven or more days.
The members attending the ancient meeting are mainly farmers, followed by craftsmen and small traders.
The commodities traded in temple fairs are mainly agricultural and sideline products and handicrafts.
in the late Qing dynasty, The traditional ancient temple fairs in Zaozhuang include Longtou Club, Guoli Club, Shuiguo Club, Qicun Club, Zhoucun Club, Xixi Club, Canglang Garden Club, Shanting Club, Xuzhuang Club, Yicheng Club, Dige Club, Qingtan Temple Club, Eshan Club, Cao Zhuang Club, Baishan Club, Ancient Shao Hui Club, Yinping Club, Xianren Cave Club and so on. According to rough statistics, there are as many as 115 East Gehui, Boundary River Club, Guanqiao Club, Wangzhong Club, Chaihudian Club, Shangyan Club, Zhuangli Club, Yunling Pavilion Club and Tengcheng Club.
Here are some influential ancient temple fairs in Zaozhuang:
Qian Shan Tou Temple Fair: Qian Shan Tou, also known as Qingshan Tou by local people, is located at the junction of Tengzhou and Xuecheng District.
Hao Zhiyu, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, wrote in "A Tour of Zhaoyang Lake": "If you look at Tengyi in the east, you will see the steep hills and steep mountains, and if Qiao Lin blows the sun, then Qian Shan will be the first.
"According to documents, the temple fair here started in the Ming Dynasty and has a history of six or seven hundred years.
Every autumn in September, the weather is crisp, and people gather here from hundreds of miles away in Fiona Fang with the joy of harvest.
Residents in nearby villages have been slaughtering pigs and sheep since the beginning of September, inviting friends and relatives from far away to come to the meeting.
In ancient times, temple fairs started on the fifth day of September and didn't end until the fifteenth day. In fact, the official session of "Double Ninth Festival" was September 12th. Locals said that it was September 12th to catch Qian Shan.
At the meeting, men and women jostled shoulder to shoulder, and the mountain gate was packed.
The simple farmers who hurried to the meeting never forgot to bring a few liters of grain and millet and give them to the temple, praying for the gods to bless the agricultural harvest in the coming year; Literati and literati climb high and look far, picking chrysanthemums and composing poems; Opera troupes and various folk artists in the city also took the opportunity to put on a stage to perform ...
Qian Shan Toumu Fair has been enduring for hundreds of years, and its content has changed a lot. Today, the temple fair has become a medium for people to exchange materials, contact feelings, entertain and travel, and negotiate business, which has played a huge role in promoting the local economic development.
Qingtan Temple Fair: Qingtan Temple is located in the "Guanshi Liuyuan Garden" in the west of Yicheng District, surrounded by mountains on three sides, and there is an artificial reservoir in the south.
One of the eight famous scenic spots in Yi County, "Green Tan Autumn Color", refers to this place.
In the Tang Dynasty, this mountain was called Yunfeng Mountain, and Yunfeng Temple was built. Because of the abundance of Qingtan trees on the mountain, it was renamed Qingtan Temple.
during the Qingming festival, tens of thousands of worshippers come to the temple, and the incense is very strong.
With the development of economy and tourism, the temple fair of Qingtan Temple has changed from a single "Tomb-Sweeping Day Fair" to "May Day" and "Eleventh Day" in the solar calendar twice.
Wenchang Pavilion Incense Temple Fair: Wenchang Pavilion is located in Taierzhuang District and will be held on the second day of the second lunar month.
It is said that this day is the day when the emperor started the examination. On this day, the literati offered incense to "Emperor Wenchang", and they were blessed by the gods and won the title of champion.
this pavilion was built in the late Ming dynasty and rebuilt during the reign of emperor Qianlong of Qing dynasty.
The biggest feature of the Wenchang Pavilion Incense Fair is that all pilgrims come to the temple to burn incense and pray for their children's success. Because this fair is a literati incense fair, a street with paper, ink, pens, inkstones, ancient and modern books, textbooks and papers is specially set up for scholars to choose.
Mount Tai Palace Temple Fair: Located in Taierzhuang District, commonly known as Mount Tai Temple Fair, it will be held on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month.
This day is the day for Empress Taishan to make incense, and it is also a traditional incense day in Buddhism.
Taierzhuang, a temple fair in Mount Tai's Palace, is the most famous. Except for those who are in emergency or sick, they usually wish their prayers on the eighth day of April. In addition, there are magical legends such as seeing off Guanyin and giving birth to an empress, and pilgrims often jostle each other.
Taierzhuang Palace Temple Fair on the eighth day of April is the largest ancient meeting in southern Shandong, with hundreds of merchants and department stores gathering in Fiona Fang, Tancheng and Pizhou in the east, Tongshan and Weishan in the west, Suining and Lingbi in the south, and merchants from Zaozhuang, Tengxian and Feixian in the north. Some of them came to occupy the site ten days ago, and artists from all over the world also came to entertain.
it plays a great role in promoting material exchange and developing local economy.
Canglangyuan Temple Fair: Canglangyuan is located in Beizhuang Town, 14 kilometers north of Zaozhuang City. It is surrounded by mountains on all sides. During the rainstorm season, the floods are continuous, and the water flows several feet. The deep spring is several feet deep and the waves are surging, hence the name "Canglangyuan".
Canglang Temple is built on the north side of Canglang Garden, which houses gods such as "Master Cang" and "Grandma Cang". It is said that Canglang and his wife live in seclusion here, specializing in the charity of saving all sentient beings and doing heroic deeds. They are known as living bodhisattvas and moved to heaven, and the Jade Emperor named Canglang as a great god.
It is said that on the third day of March every year, Master Cang will come to Canglangyuan's hometown with his family to visit all the old folks. On this day, hundreds of people around him keep coming to get together and are unwilling to leave. Up to now, there is a good rumor that "Help your relatives, help your neighbors, and Master Cang is looking for Shandong people".
Over time, the Canglangyuan Temple Fair came into being on March 3rd to worship "Master Cang" and pray for disaster relief and blessings, which has continued to this day.
these temple fairs are pure temple fairs, that is, incense fairs are held only in spring or autumn every year, and no fairs are held at ordinary times.
In fact, many temple fairs in Zaozhuang area usually hold fairs in addition to incense parties in spring and autumn.
That is to say, there are many people living around the temple. It is not enough for these permanent residents to communicate with each other in the temple fairs in spring and autumn, but also in the fairs to meet their needs in life and production.
Many temple fairs in Zaozhuang area are also carriers of markets.
here are some examples.
Shagou Temple Fair in Xuecheng District: Shagou Town faces Weishan Lake in the west and is located at the junction of Shandong and Jiangsu provinces.
"Shagou was named Fengcheng in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Later, it was renamed Shagou because there was a Shahe flowing through the village.
It was once renamed Yong 'an Village in the light years of the Qing Dynasty, which meant eternal peace.
Shagou calendar is a traffic hub and a military center.
Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty set up a delivery office, Jiajing set up a patrol inspection department, Wanli set up a garrison office, and Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty changed it into a capital department.
Since then, it has been the residence of district, township, commune and town organs, and beijing-shanghai railway has set up a station through it, and there are six villagers' committees in the village.
"(see shagou town nameplate)
There is Tianqi Temple in Shagou, and there is a temple fair on March 16th and the first day of October every year in the lunar calendar.
Every temple fair, dajia, a small businessman, gathers five lines and eight works, plays six games, plays several sets, three religions and nine streams, and dignitaries all come to have a look.
The attendees traveled to several counties in Anhui in the south, Jinan in the north and Kaifeng in Henan in the west, and businessmen from more than ten counties in Jiangsu were famous for coming to the party.
Henan opera and acrobatics from Anhui and Jiangsu also came to perform ... with unprecedented pomp.
In addition to the two temple fairs in Spring and Autumn, Shagou is also a big gathering on the first, fourth, sixth and ninth days of every tenth day of the lunar calendar.
Tengzhou Chaihudian Temple Fair: Chaihudian is located in Tengxian County, on the north-south post road of feudal dynasty, 23km north of Tengxian County, 9km south of Xuecheng, 1km west of Weishan (Xiazhen), at the foot of Qian Shan, at the intersection of Xuehe River and Shizi River.
There are abundant products here, not only many agricultural and sideline products, but also the hometown of fruits. Since the Ming Dynasty, Liucun Huangli has been famous.
during the zhifeng war, Zhang Zongchang's troops were stationed in Chaihudian.
Chaihudian Temple Fair is held three times a year on March 15th, April 25th and October 12th of the lunar calendar.
In addition to temple fairs, Chaihu Store has four festivals on the first, third, sixth and eighth days of every ten days of the lunar calendar.
according to the local elderly residents, the temple fair of Chaihudian was earlier than and larger than the temple fair of Guanqiao adjacent to it. Later, due to the opening of the railway, Guanqiao set up a railway station, with convenient transportation and increasingly prosperous trade, which gradually replaced the position of Chaihudian. Now the temple fairs and large gatherings of Chaihudian are far less than those of Guanqiao.
This also confirms the popular saying: "If you want to get rich, build roads first" is very correct.
Like the temple fairs and large gatherings in Shagou and Chaihudian described above, there are still many in Zaozhuang, which I won't repeat here.
Everything in the world is constantly changing. Today, the content, scale, function and effect of temple fairs are quite different from those in history.
Today, people have used, transformed and developed temple fairs according to their own wishes.
Because of this, some temple fairs in history have developed and expanded. And some temple fairs have shrunk and disappeared.
For example, due to the needs of economy and tourism, Qingtan Temple Fair has not only expanded in scale, but also increased the number of meetings. At the same time, * * * also used the carrier of Qingtan Temple Fair to hold an international "Liuhua Fair" to attract investment.
Another example is the "Shengshan Temple Fair" in Yangzhuang Town, Tengzhou City. In history, temples were built on the Shengshan Mountain, and the temple fairs were held twice every year on the ninth day of the first lunar month and the ninth day of September. Now, there are no temples on the Shengshan Mountain, and there are no tourist attractions and residents on the mountain. The sheep village near it is thriving again.
Therefore, the "Temple Fair on the Holy Mountain" gradually disappeared, and even some local people didn't know that there was a temple fair on the Holy Mountain.
Although people still need some temple fairs, they have affected economic development and harmed people's interests in a wider scope, and they should also be banned.
For example, the Longtou Temple Fair in Zaozhuang, although people need it, is located on the main street in the urban area, which will affect the city's traffic every time.
therefore, it is banned.
Folklore workers believe that in order to meet some people's psychological needs and balance their mentality, they can meet at another place near the original site of Longtou Temple Fair.
of course, its premise is that it will not affect the traffic.
According to the field investigation in Zaozhuang, temple fairs attract both ordinary tourists and devout pilgrims. In the new era, folk religious beliefs are still widespread, and a certain proportion of people still take religious beliefs as psychological comfort to pray for peace and balance.
From this point of view, the temple fair just provides this group with a moderate space for offering kindness and repairing, and praying for happiness.
On the other hand, people's material living standards have been greatly improved, and the role of temple fairs in promoting the exchange of materials between urban and rural areas in the past is not very obvious.
However, with the development and prosperity of tourism, temple fairs still have realistic significance to enliven the rural economy.
As the main brand of Zaozhuang tourism, the Qingtan Temple Fair in Yicheng can completely become a tourist attraction integrating investment attraction, religious pilgrimage, folk custom collection, leisure flower viewing, sightseeing and holiday.
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