Investigation Report on the 3th Anniversary of China's Reform and Opening-up
President Hu Jintao said that the 3 years since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee have been 3 years in which our Party has United and led the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, emancipated their minds, sought truth from facts, forged ahead, and carried out historic and creative activities to build Socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the past 3 years, great progress has been made in various urban and rural reforms in China, especially in the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers and the construction of social undertakings.
In order to better understand the achievements of these two undertakings, during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, four of us worked together to form two teams, each of which made a detailed social survey. The following is the survey report we have completed.
"If we grasp the rural reform and opening up, we can grasp the initiative of the whole reform and opening up." In the past 3 years, we have witnessed the changes in rural areas, such as the rural system reform, the three rural issues, and the construction of new countryside ... which have brought about earth-shaking changes in rural areas. When we went to the countryside to investigate Wanggaoling, we had a more profound experience of these changes. Rows of neat rural communities, spacious roads, roads in front of houses and courtyards behind houses are all modern villa areas. With excitement, we sent questionnaires to 5 people in one of the residential areas, and also conducted special interviews with some people.
1. The housing conditions in rural areas have changed greatly. Thirty years ago, only eight families lived in simple wooden buildings, and the rest were bungalows or even thatched huts. After more than ten years, buildings were slowly built due to economic development, and now all these 5 families have moved into the current rural community due to the demolition of old houses. Among the people we interviewed, a 9-year-old man excitedly told us: "I didn't expect to live in such a good house for generations of earth houses, stone tables and fences. Thank you very much!" Yes, in front of us are all three-story villa houses built in a unified way. The houses are beautiful and better than those in some cities. Moreover, the villagers now have several times as many household appliances as before. Before the reform and opening up, it was very good to have several TV sets in a village. Now every family has color TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines and rice cookers are also necessary for families. 3% of the villagers also use microwave ovens, and you can see that every family has installed solar energy on the roof. This ever-changing change is really amazing.
2. The villagers have enriched their knowledge. Among the households we surveyed, people over the age of 5 are basically illiterate or semi-illiterate, with no schooling or only a few years of primary school education. But when interviewed by us, they can communicate with us naturally in Mandarin, effortlessly, although not very standard; Middle-aged people in their thirties and forties generally have secondary school education or above. Although 4% of them live in rural areas, their jobs are non-agricultural. For the younger generation, the village has produced more than 1 college students, and their academic qualifications are constantly improving. I think this is inseparable from the importance attached to education. In this village, villagers organized their own kindergartens, primary schools and junior high schools, and the supporting facilities were basically perfect. Children began to learn English from kindergarten, and parents studied for their children at almost no cost.
Of course, another effective way to enrich knowledge is the effective entry of foreign information. In order to let the villagers know the latest developments outside, the village Committee has specially set up an information column, which is updated every Monday; 5% of households also subscribe to various newspapers and magazines; Moreover, among the 5 households we surveyed, 5 households have already used the Internet, and with the addition of large color TVs, the dilemma of information congestion in the backcountry in the past has disappeared.
3. Rural traffic has been continuously improved. According to the villagers, in the past, the road in front of every household was a dirt road. When it rained, you couldn't leave the house without wearing rain boots. Moreover, the road is very narrow, so it is difficult for two people to walk side by side. When a tricycle comes, they don't know how to make way. Now, with the money from the state, not only the main roads have been repaired, but also the village paths have become wide cement roads, all the way to the door, and cars can drive in. In the past, the road to the town was all gravel roads, and it was still bumpy. When it rained and accumulated water, you could only take the grass road on the edge, and cars and motorcycles drove by, and you could still splash water. Don't worry at all now, because "all roads lead to Rome" and they are all high-grade asphalt roads.
the convenience of transportation makes it convenient for villagers to travel. Each of the 5 households has a bicycle, 6% have a battery car or motorcycle at the same time, and 16% have a car. Now the villagers want to go to towns or urban areas, and there is a bus stop at the intersection, which runs every 1 minutes, which is very convenient. Everyone marveled that the journey from two hours could be reduced to 3 minutes, which was unthinkable in the past!
iv. the increase of villagers' recreational activities. We can see that there is a fitness equipment field in the east of the community, just like in the urban community. An interviewed villager told us that many rural areas now have these facilities, with the aim of enriching farmers' recreational activities and making them pay more attention to health problems. Some of these facilities are suitable for the elderly and some are suitable for the young. Another villager also told us that their village will hold some activities from time to time, such as singing operas, watching movies, performing circus and so on, to make people's lives here more colorful. In our questionnaire, some people asked them about their own and their families' travel. Almost all of them said that in the 197s and 198s, they never went out to travel, but at most they went to the town for a fair. However, after the 199s, it has gradually changed. Tourism seems to have a driving effect. One family goes out and the other wants to go out to play. Now 7% of families will definitely go out to play once a year. The location of the tour has also changed from the previous principle of proximity to the whole of China, and one family has also traveled abroad.
the economy is prosperous, the society is stable, and the people live and work in peace and contentment. Three Gorges Project, a great project in human history; Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the most difficult railway in the world ... We have accomplished one feat after another. The sixth speed-up of the train, the construction of Olympic venues, the completion of the National Grand Theatre and the recent successful trial launch of the Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft ... Our social undertakings are in full swing. Now, let's take a look at the results of my investigation on my hometown-Xiaoshan District 1.
First of all, what impressed me most was the reform of the national education system. In Xiaoshan, the primary education penetration rate reached 1%, with 44, primary and secondary school students. Most people think that reducing tuition and miscellaneous fees in compulsory education is a beneficial measure for every school-age child to go to school; 75% people think that the current educational facilities and teaching conditions have been greatly improved, especially from the original sand runway to the current plastic runway, from blackboard teaching to the use of multimedia education; The teaching staff has developed rapidly, and the quality of teachers has changed from the previous junior college education to the required undergraduate and master's degrees.
Secondly, the construction of social security system with the reform of medical care and endowment insurance as the main content. According to my general survey, the medical prevention and health care network at the county, township and village levels in our district is sound, the construction of medical and health infrastructure has been greatly improved, and the level of supporting facilities has been continuously improved. There are 6 large hospitals in the area I investigated, including 2 second-class hospitals, including a newly-built state-private joint venture hospital. The enterprise unit conducts annual physical examination for its employees, and the state provides health examination for retired laid-off workers free of charge. The people's health level has been continuously improved. How much the disease treatment rate has increased. The state also buys old-age insurance for retired workers, so that they can have a reliable basis and a sense of security. Old age depends on it.
Thirdly, it is the improvement of people's housing conditions. When an aunt in her forties talked to me about housing, she was deeply touched. She said that she used to work in a national single, and she usually gave you a room of about 15 square meters or lived in a dormitory. After that, the salary was raised, and we moved to a simple unit building. The children finally had their own single beds, and the furniture became combined cabinets. We felt that life was much more convenient and living conditions were improved. Now, with the pursuit of high quality, we have changed into a community with 3 bedrooms, 2 toilets and 1 kitchen, and also have our own garage, as well as some community exercise equipment for children and the elderly to keep fit.
However, according to the survey, there are still some problems in our country, such as the education system reform is not universal, medical accidents still occur frequently, the old-age insurance is not guaranteed, the housing conditions are quite different, and the gap between the rich and the poor in people's living standards is very wide. Therefore, we should emancipate our minds, fulfill our responsibilities, and further improve and perfect the overall work such as economic development, social undertakings construction and maintaining stability.
It is obvious that China has undergone earth-shaking changes since the 3th anniversary of reform and opening-up, with great improvement in farmers' lives, continuous growth of rural economy and unexpected progress in agriculture. In the construction of social undertakings, it has brought great benefits to the people of the whole country, providing for the young and relying on the old, and the whole country has taken on a new look. But it can't be ignored, and the potential problems are becoming more and more terrible: the gap between urban and rural areas is widening, the gap between the rich and the poor is wide, the problem of clean government within the party is worrying, and natural and man-made disasters occur from time to time ... China's reform will continue.