Du Fu began to study and travel before he was thirty-five. During the Tianbao period, when he went to Chang 'an, there was no way to join the army. After ten years of hard work, he got a small position of right-back commanding Cao to join the army. At the beginning of An Shi Rebellion, he was exiled overseas and captured by the rebels. After getting out of danger, the official was punched with a left hook. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), he abandoned his official position and made a Western Expedition. Finally, he went to Sichuan and settled in Chengdu. He once played Yuan Wailang in Yanwu, a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, so he was also called Du Gongbu. In his later years, his family moved eastward and stayed in Kuizhou for two years, leaving the gorge. He wandered around Hubei and Hunan and died of poverty and illness.
Zi Mei lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Her poems are mostly about social unrest, political darkness and people's suffering, which is called "the history of poetry". He cares about the country and the people, has noble personality and exquisite poetic skills, and is honored as a "poet saint."
Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and developing them creatively. He is the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style. His Yuefu poems contributed to the development of the new Yuefu movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "May 7th" ancient novel, which is also a history of poetry, begins to narrate and focus on the whole story, marking the high achievement of China's poetry art. Du Fu also showed extraordinary creativity in May 7th rhythmic poems, and accumulated complete artistic experience in rhythm, antithesis, diction and sentence making, which made this genre reach a fully mature stage. Du Gongbu has been handed down from generation to generation.
Du Fu, as well as Li Bai, is known as the "Great Du Li" in the world. The core of his thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government. He has the grand ambition of "making the monarch Yao Shun superior first, and then making the customs pure". He loves life, people and the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. He hated evil, criticized and exposed the corruption of the imperial court and the dark phenomenon in social life. He sympathized with the people and even fantasized that he was willing to make self-sacrifice to save their suffering. Therefore, his poetry creation always runs through the main line of worrying about the country and the people, which shows Du Fu's greatness. His poems are rich in social content, rich in the color of the times and distinctive in political inclination, which truly and profoundly reflect the political current affairs and broad social life prospect of a historical era before and after the An Shi Rebellion, so they are called the "history of poetry" of a generation. The style of Du Fu's poems is basically "gloomy and frustrated", and the language and text structure are full of changes, emphasizing the refinement of words and sentences. At the same time, his poems have many styles. Besides the five ancient poems, seven ancient poems, five laws and seven laws, he also wrote many laws of arrangement. The artistic techniques are also varied, and they are the epitome of the ideological art of Tang poetry. Du Fu also inherited the spirit of Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties, got rid of the shackles of Yuefu's ancient themes and created many new Yuefu themes, such as the famous "three officials" and "three farewells". After his death, he was highly praised by Huang Fan, Han Yu, Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi. Du Fu's poems have a far-reaching influence on Bai Yuan's literary thought of "New Yuefu Movement" and Li Shangyin's near-body allegorical current affairs poems. However, Du Fu's poems received extensive attention after the Song Dynasty. Yu Wang, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Lu You and others admired Du Fu, while Wen Tianxiang regarded Du Fu's poems as a spiritual force to adhere to national integrity. The influence of Du Fu's poems, from ancient times to the present, has long gone beyond the scope of literature and art. For details of his life, see Old Tang Book 190. This is Du Gongbu.
Three Officials and Three Farewells are the representative works of Du Fu's realistic poems. It truly describes the thoughts, feelings, actions and language of county officials, customs officials, old women, old people, brides, husbands and others in a specific environment, vividly reflects the social reality of that period and the profound disasters and pains of working people, and shows people tragic life tragedies. In these descriptions of human suffering, on the one hand, the poet expressed deep sympathy for the people who suffered greatly, and hated the enslavement and persecution of the people by officials; On the other hand, he supported the dynasty's counter-insurgency war and hoped that the people would endure hardships and cooperate with the dynasty to put down the rebellion. This complex and contradictory thought accords with the poet's thought of worrying about the country and the people.
Du Fu's Tomb in Odamura, Pingjiang is the burial place of Du Fu, a great patriotic poet and world cultural celebrity in Tang Dynasty. In the winter of 768 (the third year of Tang Dali), he left Sichuan for Yueyang by boat with his wife and children. The following spring, Zhou lived in Tanzhou (now Changsha). In April, 770 (the fifth year of the Tang Dynasty), Zangzan was sent by Hunan military forces to launch a riot. In order to avoid the war, Du Fu returned to Xiangjiang River in the middle of the night to take refuge in his uncle Cui Wei. When the ship arrives in Tianyi Fang, Leiyang, if there is a flood, the ship will be unable to move forward and will not be able to eat for half a day. Leiyang county magistrate sent beef liquor. Du Fu turned back to Changsha and lived in Jiangge. In late autumn, I miss my hometown and enter the Dongting alone. Due to the recurrence of serious illness and the exhaustion of expenses, I had to go back to Miluo River to visit my friends in Changjiang County (now Pingjiang) for treatment. Unfortunately, he died in the county mansion and was buried in Days Mirror Lake, Oda. His sons, Zong Wu and Sun, stayed behind to guard the tomb, and Du's family has since multiplied.
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Li Bai (70 1-762), born on February 8, 70 1, Han nationality, with the word Taibai, was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty and was called a poet in the history of China. His poetic style is bold and elegant, with rich imagination, natural and fluent language and harmonious and changeable temperament. He is good at absorbing nutrients from folk songs and myths, forming his unique magnificent colors. He is the new peak of active romantic poetry since Qu Yuan, and is also called "Du Li" with Du Fu. He is the greatest poet in China history.
Li Bai's ancestral home is Ji Cheng (now Qin 'an County, Gansu Province). At the end of Sui Dynasty, Li Bai moved to Broken Leaf City in Central Asia (now near tokmak in northern Kyrgyzstan), where he was born. At the age of five, his family moved to Zhangming County, Mianzhou (now Jiangyou County, Sichuan Province). At the age of 20, he left Sichuan alone and began to roam widely, reaching Xiangjiang River in Dongting in the south and wuyue in the east, and settled in Anlu (now Anlu County, Hubei Province). He traveled around, hoping to make friends and visit celebrities, so as to be introduced, climb to the top in one fell swoop and realize his political ideals and ambitions. However, after ten years of roaming, I have accomplished nothing. He continued to go north to Taiyuan and Chang 'an, east to Qi and Lu, and lived in Rencheng (now Jining, Shandong). At this time, he has made many celebrities and created a lot of excellent poems, which are world-famous. In the early years of Tianbao, under the recommendation of Taoist Wu Renyun, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty called him into Beijing and ordered him to worship the Hanlin. Soon, due to the remorse of the dignitaries, he was driven out of Beijing in Tianbao 34 (AD 744 or 745). Since then, he has been wandering between Jianghuai and his thoughts are extremely boring.
In the winter of the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755), An Lushan rebelled. At this time, he lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain, which coincided with the great army of Wang Yong, so he invited Li Bai down the mountain to enter the shogunate. Later, Li Lin rebelled against Su Zong and was eliminated. Li Bai was implicated and sentenced to exile in Yelang (now Guizhou Province). He was pardoned and released halfway between Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) and Xuancheng (now Xuancheng, Anhui). In the first year of Baoying (AD 762), Daizong died in dangtu county, Anhui.
Li Bai lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He had the progressive ideal of "helping the poor and helping the needy" and "settling down", and he struggled to realize this ideal all his life. A large number of his poems not only reflected the prosperity of that era, but also exposed and criticized the debauchery and corruption of the ruling group, showing the positive spirit of despising the powerful, resisting the traditional bondage and pursuing freedom and ideals. In terms of art, his poems are novel in imagination, strong in emotion, magnificent in artistic conception and fresh and bright in language, forming a bold and unrestrained artistic style and reaching the peak of positive romantic poetry in ancient China. There are more than 900 poems, including Li Taibai's poems.
His poems are rich in imagination, unique in conception, magnificent in momentum and heroic in style, and he is a representative figure of romantic poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
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Su Shi (1037 ~111), the eldest son of his father, Su Xun, was given the title of Taishi in the Gaozong Dynasty of the Southern Song Dynasty, and pursued posthumous title's "Wenzhong". In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he and his brother were both scholars. Dali was appointed as the judge and signed the book Fengxiang House. In the second year of Xining (1069), after the mourning period, his father returned to the DPRK and sued the judge in court. Disagreement with Wang Anshi's political views, opposition to the implementation of the new law, self-employment, for Hangzhou. Move to Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province) and Xuzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he was involved in Wutai poetry case and was appointed as the assistant of Yingyong in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei), and was placed in Huangzhou. Empress Dowager Zheli Zong came to Korea and restored Lang Fengzhi's status as Dengzhou (now Penglai, Shandong). Before the end of his term, in addition to his daily life, he also moved to the official residence of Zhongshu Sheren, and moved to the office of Hanlin Bachelor to learn about the imperial edict and the tributes of the Ministry of Rites. Yuan You went out to know Hangzhou in four years (1089), and later changed to know Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), Zhe ruled the country and was successively demoted to Huizhou (now Huiyang, Guangdong) and Danzhou (now Danxian, Hainan). Hui Zong returned to the North for forgiveness after he acceded to the throne. Yuan (1 10 1) died in Changzhou (now Jiangsu) and was buried in Tancheng County of Ruzhou (now Jiaxian County of Henan) at the age of 65. Representatives of liberals. He, his father Su Xun (1009 ~ 1066) and his younger brother Su Zhe (1039 ~12) are all famous for their literature. They are called "Three Sows". It is the same as the "Three Cao Fathers and Sons" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi) in the late Han Dynasty. He is also one of the famous eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and his works include Seven Episodes of Dongpo, Dongpo Yuefu and so on. Politically, it belongs to the old party.
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Sushi's anecdotes
1, Su Shi "bullied" the teacher
Su Shi, a scholar in the examination, wrote a big article in the Spring and Autumn Period called "On Punishment Loyalty", which contains the following paragraphs:
When Yao was in power, he was a scholar and always killed people. Hao Tao said "kill the third" and Yao said "kill the third", so the world was worried about the severity of law enforcement in Hao Tao, while Le Yao adopted a lenient punishment.
Siyue said "guns can be used", Yao said "no, guns can command clans", and then he said "try it". He Yaozhi didn't listen to Hao Tao's murder, but used four mountains.
However, the sage's intention can also be seen.
Examiner Mei Sheng was amazed at Su Shi's article, but he was not sure about the above contents. When Su Shi visited Mei, he asked about the origin of Yao and dialogue. Su Shi smiled and replied, "Of course."
In fact, the above allusion comes from the Book of Rites, which happened to the Duke of Zhou. Su Shi wrote about Yao in the exam, but he was cheated by Mei Sheng, which shows that his skill is extraordinary.
2. Dongpo meat
When Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou, there was a famous doggerel in Ode to Pork: "Huangzhou is a good pork, but the price is worthless. The rich refuse to eat, and the poor don't know how to cook. Reduce the fire, release less water, and the firepower will be beautiful. Get up and play a bowl every day. If you are full, you can't take care of eating. " The "slow fire, less water, beautiful when the fire is strong" here is the famous cooking method of Dongpo meat. Su Dongpo was later appointed as the governor of Hangzhou, building Su Causeway and building water conservancy projects, which was deeply loved by the people. And this "Dongpo Meat" followed closely, and became famous in Hangzhou, becoming a famous local dish.
3. Su Shi checked out
Su Shi lived in Changzhou in his later years. He spent his last savings and bought a house. He is preparing to move in another day. By chance, he heard an old woman crying sadly. He asked the old woman why she was crying. The old woman said that she had a house that had been handed down for a hundred years and was sold by unscrupulous children, so she cried very sadly. Looking carefully, it turns out that the house that Su Shi bought is what the old woman called the ancestral home. So Su Shi said to her, "I sold Yi's former residence, so there is no need to feel deeply distressed. Now it's time to return the house to Yi. " Su Shi immediately burned the deed, but rented a house to live in. In July this year, he died in a rental house. (See Zhou's "Liang Manzhi")
4, poetry dinner
When Su Shi was twenty years old, he went to Beijing to do scientific research. Six conceited juren looked down on him and decided to invite Su Shi to dinner for the next kind of food, intending to tease him. Su Shi went with pleasure after receiving the invitation. Before the chopsticks moved, everyone put forward a drinking order. The content of the drinking order must quote historical figures and events, so that they can eat a dish by themselves. The other five people cheered. "I'll go first." The older one said, "Jiang Ziya is fishing in Weishui!" Then I took a plate of fish. "Qin Baoshu sells horses in Changan!" The second proudly took the horse meat. "Su Ziqing is herding sheep in Beihu!" The third man took the mutton without weakness. "Zhang Yide Zhuoxian sells meat!" The fourth man held out his hand to barbecue. "Guan Yunchang Jingzhou scraping bones!" The fifth one couldn't wait to take the bone. "Zhuge Liang grows vegetables in Longzhong!" The sixth proudly picked up the last green vegetable. All the dishes were served. When six juren were happily preparing to laugh at Su Shi while eating, Su Shi was unhurriedly chanting: "Qin Shihuang annexed six countries!" " After that, he put all six dishes in front of him and said with a smile, "Please, brothers!" " Six juren stupefied.
Step 5 get success
When Su Shi took the Beijing exam, Ouyang Xiu, a famous literary master in the Northern Song Dynasty, presided over the exam. When he was examining and approving the paper, he was fascinated by Su Shi's gorgeous and superb writing style. In order to prevent favoritism, the test papers at that time were anonymous. Therefore, although Ouyang Xiu wanted to choose this article as the first place, he felt that this article was very similar to that written by his protege Ceng Gong. He was afraid of falling behind the public, so he finally won the second place. It was not until the list was published that Ouyang Xiu knew that the author of the article was Su Shi. After learning the truth, Ouyang Xiu regretted it, but Su Shi didn't care at all. Ouyang Xiu admired Su Shi's generosity and outstanding talent: "Such a talented young man should really make him stand out (the source of idioms)!" And officially accepted Su Shi as a disciple.
6. Family reunion
After the second place in Su Shi's high school, Su Shi's three sons and the famous "Three Difficulties" gathered in the garden to celebrate. Su Shi's father, Su Xun, put forward the word "cold fragrance", and each of them wrote two poems, which would be suitable for the situation at that time. In order to take the lead, Sue walked slowly to the edge of the flower pond, chanting: "Water flows cold from the stone edge, and wind comes from the flower." Ziyou stood up and picked a fragrant plum, flicked his fingers and said, "Cold words are unknown, and plum blossoms are full of fingers." My little sister also went to pick flowers, but I wanted to laugh at him for imitating himself, but my little sister said, "Let the cuckoo's throat get cold and stay in the flowers and have a dream." Say that finish spread out the palm, a butterfly has been trampled to death. The characteristics of the daughter were exposed, and everyone cheered in unison. Su Shi brushed the stone bench and rode away. Su Laoquan shouted: "My son, don't go until you answer." After saying his word, Su Shi screamed: "It's cold to brush stone clothes, and it's fragrant to tread on horseshoes"!
7. Sacrifice Buddha statues with cakes
Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian live in Jinshan Temple. One day, they made bread to eat. They agreed not to tell Fo Yin, a monk in the temple, about the cake fight. After a while, the cake was ready. They counted it. First, they presented the cake to Guanyin Bodhisattva, bowed down and prayed diligently. Unexpectedly, Fo Yin hid in God's account in advance. When they knelt down to pray, they reached out and stole two cakes. When Su Shi finished worshipping, he got up and saw that two cakes were missing. Then he knelt down and prayed, "Guanyin Bodhisattva is amazing. She ate two cakes. Why didn't she come out to see him? "
Fo Yin replied in his account: "If I had noodles, I would cook some food with you. How dare I bother you? "
8. Sing poems and enjoy the moon
Su Dongpo is in Hangzhou and likes to make friends with monks in West Lake Temple. He and Fo Yin, the monk of the Holy Mountain Temple, are best friends. They often joke while drinking and reciting poems.
Monks in Fo Yin are delicious. Whenever Su Dongpo treats guests at a banquet, he always comes uninvited. One night, Su Dongpo invited Huang Tingjian to visit the West Lake, and many tables and drinks were prepared on board. When the cruise ship left the shore, Su Dongpo smiled and said to Huang Tingjian, "Fo Yin will come to every party. Tonight, we will take a boat to the lake to drink and recite poems and have a wonderful time. He can't come anyway. " Who knows that Fo Yin monk learned that Su Dongpo was going to swim with Huang Tingjian, so he hid under the deck before they boarded the ship.
The bright moon is in the sky, the breeze is cool, and the lotus fragrance is full of lakes. The cruise ship slowly came to the three towers of the West Lake. Su Dongpo raised his glass and smoothed his beard. He said happily to Huang Tingjian, "Today, we are very quiet without Fo Yin. Let's start by ordering wine. The first two sentences should be immediately, and the last two sentences end with the word' in'. " Huang Tingjian said, "All right!" Su Dongpo said first: "What can the sky say when the clouds open and the moon shines?" ? What does the sky say? "
Huang Tingjian looked at the lotus flowers all over the lake, and then said, "Li Anping pushed the water and swam out. This is a good thing! Get what you want! "
At this time, Fo Yin couldn't help being pressed under the deck. After listening to Huang Tingjian's words, he pushed open the deck and climbed out, saying, "Push open the deck and Fo Yin will come out. What a pity! Hey! "
Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian were startled to see a man suddenly climb out from under the planking. They looked carefully, and it turned out to be Fo Yin. When they heard him say these four poems, they couldn't help laughing.
Su Dongpo took Fo Yin and sat down and said, "You hid it well. You are right. You ate again today! " So the three of them swam around the lake while enjoying the moon, talking and laughing.
9. Dongpo fish
Su Shi is not only a master of literature, but also good at food. Besides Dongpo elbow, Su is also good at cooking fish, and his cooking is a must. On one occasion, Su Shi was very happy. He went to the cupboard to cook fish himself. Just after cooking, he saw Huang Tingjian come in through the window (Huang Tingjian is one of the four major fonts in ancient China, and he is a close friend of Su Shi. They often take pleasure in quarrelling. Knowing that it was to rub the meal card oil again, I quickly hid the fish on the top of the cupboard. When Huang Tingjian entered the door, he said, "Ask Brother Zi Zhan today, dare you ask Su Shi how to write Su?" Su Shi responded morosely: "Su Zhe, the fish food is on the grass." Huang Tingjian added, "Can you put this fish on the right?" Su Shi said, "Not bad." Huang Tingjian went on to say, "Is this fish ok?" Su Shi said, "How can fish be put on it?" Huang Tingjian pointed to the top of the cupboard and said with a smile, "Since Brother Zi Zhan also knows this truth, why put fish on it?" ! "Su Shi, who has always been quick-witted, was completely beaten by Huang Tingjian this time!
10 fruits and medicines
Shortly after Su Shi got married, he was invited to visit Huang Tingjian's house. When he got there, the servant came to tell him to go back at once and said that his wife was in a hurry. Huang Tingjian cynically intoned: "Fortunately, it is early (apricot, jujube, plum) and calm (cistanche deserticola is a traditional Chinese medicine)." This sentence contains three fruit names and one medicine name. Su Shi got into the saddle and walked away without looking back. As he walked, he said, "This thing (apples, sugarcane and persimmons) must be angelica (angelica is the name of Chinese medicine)." Dongpo's talent is really admirable.
1 1, the line between life and death
After Su Shi went to prison, Zongshen sent a little eunuch to pretend to be a prisoner and sleep with Dongpo to test whether he hated the son of heaven. During the daytime meal, the little eunuch teased him with words. Su Shi ate with relish and replied, "My heart will not move even if the weather thunders and thunders!" At night, he fell asleep, and the little eunuch smiled and said, "Isn't it a pity that Sue sleeps in such a bed?" Su Shi ignored it and snored and answered. The next morning, the little eunuch woke him up and said, "Congratulations, your Excellency, you have been pardoned. "You know, that night was extremely dangerous. As long as Su Shi has a little complaint and a strange behavior of eating badly and sleeping unsteadily, he is in danger. In fact, Emperor Zongshen was also a fool. How can you not see that a eunuch is sent to rely on Su Shi's intelligence?
12 self-discipline
After the restoration of the imperial conservatives, Sima Guang, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, who was famous for smashing jars, paid homage to each other, and the new law was completely abolished. At this time, Su Shi, who is also a conservative, advocated that the new law should not be completely denied, but should be treated differently, so he had a fierce conflict with Sima Guang and was once again demoted to Guazhou. Although Su Shi believes in Buddhism, he doesn't like monks. I heard that there is a famous monk named Fo Yin in Jinshan Temple in Guazhou. Su Shi was not convinced, so he decided to go to the mountain to meet the old monk for a while! In the temple, Su Shi talked from the emperor to the civil and military officials, and from governing the country to being a man. The monk listened quietly. Su Shi saw that Fo Yin was silent and looked down upon him from his heart. I thought to myself: everyone says he is capable. It turns out that he is a straw bag, and he came here to cheat some incense money! The topic slowly came to Buddhism. At this time, Fo Yin asked, "What kind of person should Lao Na be in your husband's eyes?" Su Shi was full of contempt and casually replied, "You are capable in the eyes of ordinary people, but that's because they are shallow. In fact, you are a liar every day without real talent and learning! " Fo Yin smiled and answered in silence. Su Shi saw that he not only looked down on the monk more, but also felt smug, so he asked, "Master Su, who am I in your eyes?" "You are a very learned and cultivated person. Instead of losing money, it is better to be a capital! " Fo Yin replied. After returning home, Su Shi proudly told his little sister how to become a monk in the morning, and Su Xiaomei laughed her head off. Su Shi was puzzled and asked, "Why is Little Sister laughing?" "You belittle the monk. Instead of being angry, he praised you. Who do you think is cultured? How to cultivate yourself without learning? You still think you're better than others? Shame on you, you don't even know! " . After listening to this, Su Shi suddenly realized that he had become best friends with Master Fo Yin since then.
1 1, "bones" are not cold.
One day, Su Shi and Fo Yin visited Slender West Lake by boat. Master Fo Yin suddenly took out a fan with Dongpo poems written on it and threw it into the river, shouting, "Water is flowing Dongpo poems (corpses)!" At that time, Su Shi was shocked, but quickly smiled and pointed to a dog gnawing bones on the river bank, chanting: "Dogs gnawing bones on the river (monks)!"
12, Dongpo eats grass
Su Shi visited Master Fo Yin in Jinshan Temple in his spare time. I didn't expect master to be away, so a little novice monk opened the door. Su Shi proudly said, "Where is the bald donkey? ! "。 Little novice monk calmly pointed to the distance and replied, "Dongpo eats grass!" " "
13, couplet retreat to the enemy.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, the Song people led an invasion of Liao. However, the imperial court, which was bent on pursuing peace, attracted the envoys of Liao State and sent a pair of couplets, asking the Song people to answer correctly: three lights, the sun, the moon and the stars. If you are allied, you will withdraw and make peace. This couplet seems simple, but it is not easy to get it right. The number in the sentence is the same as the number after it, and the number chosen in the sentence corresponds to more or less three things. Su Shi, who happened to return to Beijing to report on his work, skillfully combined the upper and lower couplets with a stroke of a pen: four poems and elegies. This couplet has only three names in four poems, because there are "Ya" and "Ya" in the Book of Songs, which are collectively called "Ya". In addition, there are four parts: "national style" and "ode to poetry", so the Book of Songs is also called "four great poems". This witticism is natural and Liao appreciates it very much.
14, a threesome must have my teacher.
One day, Su Shi, his sister and Huang Tingjian enjoyed these paintings. It's interesting to see the title above: the breeze and willows are thin, and the plum blossoms are light under the moon. Look, this is a four-character couplet, but there is a word in the middle. Miss Jie suggested adding words in the middle to make a five-character couplet. Huang Tingjian caught it right: dancing in the wind. Xiaomei Bu: The breeze shakes the willows, and the bright moon reflects the plum blossoms. Su Shi thought for a moment, immediately responded, and wrote lyrics to make it become: the breeze helps the willows, and the plum blossoms disappear in the bright moon. Throughout the three-person couplets, Su Shi is the best: the word "Fu" not only describes the softness of the wind and the tenderness of the willow, but also describes the intimacy between the wind and the willow, which is more vivid; The word "lost" is also more appropriate than the word "hidden", which not only emphasizes the bright moonlight, but also takes into account the cleanliness of plum blossoms, highlighting the fusion of the two, which is more consistent and appropriate.
15 a man's plan
Fo Yin, Su Shi's best friend. Although he is a monk, he never avoids wine and meat. On this day, Fo Yin fried fish and drank, which happened to be Su Shi's visit. Fo Yin quickly hid the fish under the big fish. Su Shi had already smelled the fishy smell, but he didn't see it when he entered the door. He remembered that he was cheated by Huang Ting that day. He turned his head and said deliberately, "Today, I came to ask the master, what is the next sentence of Xiangmendi Changchun?" Fo Yin was so surprised that his old friend read a well-known old sentence that he blurted out the following sentence: A good family is more than just a celebration. Su Shi clapped his hands and smiled: "Since there is fish (surplus) in Qing (Qing), it is better to accumulate some goodness and share it with others."
Wushan River 16
On one occasion, Su Shi made an appointment with his brother Su Zhe and his master Fo Yin. The three of them traveled together, and Fo Yin improvised a sentence: There is no mountain like Wushan. The key lies in the homonym of nothingness and witch. Su Zhe is right: his Ye Can is as round as a lotus leaf. When Su Shi heard this, he said to his younger brother: It is certainly good to use the homonym of "harmony" to express "nothingness", but is it better to change it to this: What water is as clear as a river? Hearing this, Fo Yin and Su Zhe agreed, saying that "water" is better than "mountain" and more stable in processing.
Li Anqi Xiaomei 17
Su Shi, who hasn't met her friends for a long time, invited Huang Tingjian to visit her home. When her sister saw her brother go out to meet her in person, she made a joke and said, "My brother invited bimonthly outside.". Knowing that Xiaomei was joking with herself, Su Shi immediately said, "Xiaomei is fluttering in the wind at the window." "Half" is right for "double" and "wind" is right for "moon". Interestingly, the traditional "wind" in China means that half wind is "lice", which means that Miss Sister is catching lice by the window. Little sister turned away angrily.
18, Christine and Christine
After Su Shi was reinstated, he told Huang Tingjian: "When I was in prison, three meals a day were still very fragrant. It's delicious on earth! " . When Huang Tingjian asked what "three white rice" meant, Su Shi replied: "A pinch of salt, a dish of raw radish and a bowl of rice is" three white rice ". Su Shi has forgotten this matter. One day, I received an invitation from Huang Tingjian to invite Su Shi to his house for a meal. Su Shi readily agreed to the appointment and said to his wife: "Huang Tingjian is a contemporary bachelor and has read a lot of poetry. His food must be rare. But when Su Shi went to that place and found that there was only salt, radish and rice on the table, he suddenly realized that it was teased by Huang Tingjian. A few days later, Huang Tingjian also received an invitation from Su Shi, inviting him to dinner. Huang Tingjian knew that Su Shi wanted revenge, but he was curious and wanted to know what rice was, so he finally went. Su Shi accompanied Huang Tingjian from morning till night in Shanghai, because hunger carried Huang Tingjian's chest on his back. I can't resist eating. Su Shi replied slowly: "Salt is hairy (Mimi O, meaning" no "), radish is hairy, and rice is hairy. Isn't it just a "meal" In fact, you have always enjoyed it. " Huang Tingjian consternation, two people laugh at the same time.
19, so dead
In his later years, when Su Shi was dying, he gathered around the bed and asked his sons, "Do you think it's good to die? ! "The youngest son replied mysteriously," It must be very good. " Su Shiqi said, "How can you know for sure?" ! The younger son said, "Think about it. If not, why don't all the dead people come back? ".Nobody has come back for thousands of years. It must be good to die! "
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